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1. 题目: Photochemical Formation of Long-Lived Oxidative Organic Radicals from Algal-Derived Dissolved Organic Matter under Solar Irradiation
文章编号: N26041214
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Jiaying Li, Mengzhe Zhao, Naihui Ye, Zheyi Huang, Yihui Zhang, Weihua Song, Shuwen Yan
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Algal-derived dissolved organic matter (ADOM) released by algal blooms is an important photosensitizer in natural water bodies and participates in a variety of photochemical processes. This study investigates the formation and reactivity of photochemically generated long-lived reactive species (LLRSs, specifically oxidative organic radicals herein) from ADOM and compares it with that from terrestrial dissolved organic matter (SRDOM) under full spectra, ultraviolet (UV) portion (290–420 nm), and visible portion (420–710 nm) of solar irradiation. The LLRSs from ADOM exhibited higher one-electron reduction potentials (1.00–1.06 V in solar full spectrum; 0.91–1.00 V in visible light) than those from SRDOM (0.91–1.00 V in solar full spectrum; 0.85–0.91 V in visible light). The apparent quantum yield of LLRSs (Φ_LLRSs^app) from ADOM was 2.2 × 10^–4 under full spectra of solar irradiation, slightly higher than that of SRDOM (1.8 × 10^–4). Although Φ_LLRSs^app from ADOM under visible light (1.3 × 10^–4) was about five times lower than that under UV irradiation (6.3 × 10^–4), their formation rates were comparable (1.7 × 10^–9 M s^–1 for visible light vs. 2.6 × 10^–9 M s^–1 for UV), owing to the stronger light absorption in the visible range. The formation of LLRSs was classified into dissolved oxygen (DO)-inhibited and DO-promoted pathways, with DO-inhibited processes accounting for 98% and 87% of the total LLRSs formation in SRDOM and ADOM, respectively. The degradation of 27 emerging organic contaminants demonstrated greater LLRSs involvement in ADOM, especially under visible light. These results underscore the key role of LLRSs in contaminant attenuation in bloom-impacted waters and highlight the importance of visible-light-driven photochemistry in enhancing the self-purification potential of ADOM-affected waters.

2. 题目: Light Absorption Enhancement of Black Carbon Aerosols Constrained by Chemical Components and Sources in Urban Air: A Multicity Study
文章编号: N26041213
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Shijie Cui, Junfeng Wang, Yunjiang Zhang, Yangzhou Wu, Haiwei Li, Dan Dan Huang, Hongli Wang, Cheng Huang, Xinlei Ge
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Bare black carbon (BC) can be coated by other nonabsorbing components, inducing light absorption enhancement (E_abs) via the so-called “lensing effect.” The coating components/processes, however, are complex in terms of both chemical composition and microphysical properties; therefore, E_abs is highly uncertain and inconsistent among different observations. Particle heterogeneity in composition is critical to the accurate estimation of E_abs; here, we quantified the impacts of various coating components on $E_{\mathrm{abs}}^{880}$ (E_abs at 880 nm, thus no impact from light-absorbing organics) by using observations from three megacities in China (Beijing, Nanjing, and Shanghai). Under all three scenarios with contrastingly different atmospheric conditions investigated here, low-volatility/highly oxygenated secondary organic aerosol (SOA) species and sulfate were consistently important contributors to $E_{\mathrm{abs}}^{880}$, while OA from both biomass burning and traffic appeared to be insignificant. The effects of semivolatile/less-oxygenated SOA species and nitrate varied largely, being highly dependent upon the meteorology and location. Specially, an industry-related OA resolved in Nanjing exhibited a notable contribution to $E_{\mathrm{abs}}^{880}$ thus its chemical and physical characteristics warrant future attention. Overall, our findings regarding the roles of specific sources in $E_{\mathrm{abs}}^{880}$ provide a direct and practically feasible guidance to effectively reduce BC pollution and its positive climate forcing.

3. 题目: Metabolic division of labor and quorum sensing restructuring drive humification by a synthetic cross-kingdom consortium in high-lipid food waste
文章编号: N26041212
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: YangYang Li, Xin Sheng, Hu Xu, BaoChuan Qi, Li Li, ZhiWei Zhao
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: High-lipid food waste (HLFW) poses a significant challenge to aerobic composting because of microbial inhibition and persistent acidification; however, its lipid fraction represents an untapped carbon reservoir for humus formation. Here, we demonstrate that a rationally designed synthetic cross-kingdom consortium comprising fungi, actinobacteria, and bacteria effectively transforms HLFW into high-quality humus through synergistic metabolic integration. The optimized consortium (T3) extended the thermophilic phase (>60°C for 19 days) and achieved a superior humic acid yield of 228.74 mg/g with enhanced aromaticity (32.01%), representing a >20-fold increase from the initial levels. The resulting compost exhibited excellent maturity, with a germination index of 2.61, substantially exceeding the conventional thresholds. Multi-omics analysis has revealed a mechanistic triad that underpins this enhanced performance. First, metabolic division of labor was established: actinobacteria-enriched genes for lipid β-oxidation, bacteria sustained amino acid supply, and fungi contributed oxidative polymerization enzymes, channeling lipid-derived carbon toward humification. Second, ecological network optimization assembled a highly interconnected community structure, with T3 achieving the highest average degree (22.529) and network density (0.3363) among all treatments and fungal genera serving as key hubs linking degradation genes to environmental factors. Third, fungal introduction restructured the community’s quorum-sensing genetic landscape, characterized by the suppression of the PQS signaling system and enrichment of quorum quenching enzymes, suggesting a transition toward a more structured interkingdom communication network. This study establishes a validated framework for designing synthetic consortia to valorize recalcitrant organic waste, bridging the microbial ecology theory and environmental biotechnology applications to advance circular economy objectives.

4. 题目: Zinc-Modified Magnetic Biochar for Enhanced Removal of Polyvinyl chloride Microplastics: Performance and Mechanisms
文章编号: N26041211
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Xiaoli Wang, Ying Liu, Sujun Ding, Zhao Zhang, Xiaobing Wang
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: The pervasive contamination of water bodies by polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics (MPs) necessitates the development of efficient and recyclable adsorbents. This study developed three magnetic biochars: magnetic biochar (MWP), Mg-modified magnetic biochar (Mg-MWP), and Zn-modified magnetic biochar (Zn-MWP) from woody peat. Comprehensive characterization confirmed successful magnetization and metal doping, resulting in enhanced specific surface area and tailored surface chemistry. Batch adsorption experiments demonstrated that Zn-MWP exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for PVC. Under optimized conditions (100 mg·L⁻¹ PVC, 5 mg adsorbent, 10 mL solution, pH 5, 180 min), Zn-MWP exhibited a removal efficiency of 63.78% and an adsorption capacity of 127.56 mg·g⁻¹. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were best described by the PSO and Langmuir models, suggesting that the process is likely dominated by chemisorption on a relatively homogeneous surface. The presence of coexisting ions (e.g., SO₄²⁻), high ionic strength and humic acid suppressed adsorption, but Zn-MWP showed superior resilience. Zn-MWP also demonstrated excellent reusability, retaining 93.9% of its initial capacity after six cycles. The superior performance of Zn-MWP is attributed to a synergistic mechanism involving surface adsorption, electrostatic attraction, and specific chemical interactions. Crucially, post-adsorption XPS and FTIR analyses confirmed the formation of Lewis acid-base complexes between Zn²⁺ sites and PVC molecules, evidenced by a distinct +0.4 eV shift in Zn 2p binding energy and the emergence of characteristic Cl peaks. This work establishes Zn-modified magnetic biochar as a highly effective, stable, and magnetically separable adsorbent for mitigating PVC microplastic pollution in water.

5. 题目: Visible radiation-driven photomineralization and photoproduction of dissolved organic matter in a large estuary: implications for coastal ocean biogeochemical cycles.
文章编号: N26041210
期刊: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
作者: Guisheng Song, Fuxin Niu, Yao Gong, Philippe Massicotte, Han Zuo, Mengting Li, Huixiang Xie
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Photochemistry can convert dissolved organic matter (DOM) to inorganics (mainly CO2) and new DOM, hence impacting aquatic carbon cycling. The apparent quantum yields (AQYs) of these photoprocesses usually decrease with increasing wavelength. This study reports exceptions to this paradigm and discusses the biogeochemical implications of this phenomenon. Specifically, we determined the broadband AQYs over ultraviolet-B (UVB), ultraviolet-A (UVA), and visible (VIS) radiations for photomineralization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and photobleaching of chromophoric and florescent DOM (CDOM, FDOM) in the freshwater, brackish water, and seawater samples from the Pearl River estuary. UVB-broadband AQYs of DOC photomineralization (AQYDOC) and of CDOM and humic-like FDOM photoleaching were considerably higher than their UVA and VIS counterparts for all three water samples. Surprisingly, the broadband AQYDOC over VIS was significantly higher than that over UVA for the brackish water and seawater samples, contrary to the above-mentioned paradigm. Moreover, exposure of all three water samples to VIS produced protein-like FDOM, while significant losses of this FDOM pool occurred in the presence of UV. Per depth-integrated contributions in the water column, UVB or UVA primarily controlled CDOM and FDOM photobleaching, while VIS dominated DOC photomineralization and protein-like FDOM formation. These results suggest photochemistry may cause CO2 and biolabile DOM accumulations in VIS-dominated sunlit waters below surface mixed layers, contributing to coastal ocean DOM biogeochemical cycling, acidification, and deoxygenation. This shall be a self-intensified process since UV-driven CDOM photobleaching in surface layers reinforces and extends further deeper the VIS-induced subsurface CO2 and biolabile DOM photoproduction.

6. 题目: Photoaging of Biomass Combustion Smoke-Derived Organic Matter as an Overlooked Aquatic Pathway of Toxicity Amplification
文章编号: N26041209
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Yuhan Cao, Tingting Li, Shu Wang, Fanhao Song, Fengchang Wu
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Figure 1. Conceptual framework of aquatic toxicity amplification during photoaging of biomass combustion smoke-derived organic matter. Biomass combustion emits complex organic mixtures to the atmosphere. After photoaging and deposition, smoke-derived organic matter enters surface waters, where solar irradiation further drives aqueous photochemical transformation. Photoaging reorganizes molecular structures through reduced volatility and enhanced redox activity, enriching extremely low-volatility compounds that disproportionately drive mixture toxicity. This pathway links atmospheric emissions to aquatic ecological risk and highlights the need for transformation-driven environmental risk assessment. Dr. Tingting Li is affiliated with the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences. Her research focuses on biomass resource utilization and the environmental geochemical behavior of pollutants. She has led projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the China Postdoctoral Innovative Talent Program and has published more than 30 peer-reviewed papers. Dr. Fanhao Song is an Associate Research Fellow at the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences. His research focuses on environmental geochemistry, with particular emphasis on the environmental behavior of organic matter and pollutants. He has led projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the National Key R&D Program of China (Young Scientists Project) and has published more than 50 peer-reviewed papers. Dr. Fengchang Wu is the director of State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences. His research interests mainly cover environmental toxicology and chemistry by multidisciplinary approaches. He has made remarkable contributions to the understanding of the fate of organic matter and environmental pollutants and the protection of the aquatic ecosystem in China through his advancement of environmental science, standards, technologies, and engineering. Dr. Wu has written more than 450 peer-reviewed publications and was recognized by Elsevier as one of the most cited Chinese Researchers in Environmental Sciences. Dr. Wu was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering in 2017 in recognition of his work in the development of environmental criteria/standards and contaminant risk assessments. This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42422709 and 42230713) and the China National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (BX20240345). This article references 5 other publications. This article has not yet been cited by other publications.

7. 题目: Quantification of Soil Organic Carbon by Shifted-Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy with Machine Learning and Common Mode Rejection
文章编号: N26041208
期刊: Analytical Chemistry
作者: Ginger W Brown, Natalia V Solomatova, Naomi K Yamaoka, Calum Cole, Paige Prescott, Matthew D Kowal, Luke Melo, Miayan Larose, Sadegh Shokatian, Edward Grant
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) is an important indicator of soil health and productivity in agricultural and natural ecosystems. Conventional measurement techniques, such as combustion analysis, yield accurate results but consume time and material resources. Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning offers a rapid and ultimately field-deployable alternative. However, Raman measurements of soils face challenges due to matrix effects, such as fluorescence interference and light absorption by organic matter, which reduce the accuracy of machine-learning predictions. Here, we measure SOC in a data set of 400 American farm soils and apply machine learning to Shifted-Excitation Raman Difference Spectroscopy (SERDS) spectra, a fluorescence-free Raman scattering method. Our results show that for higher organic carbon concentrations, light absorption nonlinearly attenuates Raman spectroscopic features. This degrades the prediction accuracy of conventional machine-learning multivariate regression models for higher SOC levels, particularly when calibrated on data sets skewed to contain few high-SOC standards. A 200-sample synthetic data set of balanced mineral-organic mixtures serves to isolate the effects of light absorption and data set skew on Raman signal intensities. This work also compares two SERDS spectral preprocessing algorithms for soil analysis: Asymmetric Least Squares and Common-Mode Rejection. We find that Common-Mode Rejection and a nonlinear, tree-based machine learning model provide the most accurate results in the face of overwhelming fluorescence and nonlinear matrix effects inherent to soil samples.

8. 题目: Organic carbon recycling in subduction zones.
文章编号: N26041207
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Baptiste Debret, Pierre Bouilhol, Hélène Bouquerel, Thomas Rigaudier, Clément Herviou, Valentin Desmalles, Pierre-André Velut, Bénédicte Ménez, Stéphane Schwartz, Pierre Cartigny
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Abiotic solid organic compounds constitute a ubiquitous byproduct of oceanic lithosphere serpentinization but their evolution and fate during subduction remains largely unexplored. Here, we assess the role of prograde metamorphism in modifying the chemical structure and isotopic signature of both biological and abiotic organic carbon hosted in sediments and serpentinites, respectively. Our findings demonstrate that these two carbon types undergo distinct maturation pathways under increasing pressure and temperature, with abiotic solid organic compounds retaining H-, O- and N-bearing organic functional groups along subduction. Notably, abiotic solid organic compounds are the sole carriers of isotopically light carbon in eclogitic terrains thanks to silicate armoring. Their recycling into the deep mantle therefore provides a plausible source for the extremely light δ¹³C signatures observed in some mantle reservoirs, including sub-lithospheric and eclogitic diamonds, and more broadly represents a key factor in generating mantle carbon isotope variability.

9. 题目: Sorptive stabilization and fractionation of dissolved organic matter by Al and Fe oxyhydroxide-rich water treatment residuals.
文章编号: N26041206
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Noxolo S Lukashe, Wendy Stone, Ryan Pereira, Sara Trojahn, Ailsa G Hardie, Catherine E Clarke
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Sorption of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by mineral oxides is a key process for preserving organic matter (OM) against rapid microbial degradation and leaching. While this mechanism is well studied in natural soils, the use of water treatment residuals (WTRs) rich in metal oxyhydroxides remains underexplored. This study investigated the potential of aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe) WTRs to stabilize DOC in batch sorption experiments. DOC, derived from anaerobically digested sludge, was added at concentrations of 0 - 120 ppm. Sorption capacity was assessed using distribution coefficient (Kd) derived from the Initial Mass (IM) isotherm model, with Fe-WTR showing a higher Kd value (14.2, R2 = 0.9619) than Al-WTR (6.1, R2 = 0.9753). Post-sorption fractionation using Liquid Chromatography-Organic Carbon Detection-Organic Nitrogen Detection (LC-OCD-OND) and fluorescence spectroscopy showed that both WTRs decreased hydrophobic DOC, biopolymers, humic substances and low molecular substances. Parallel factor analysis indicated greater removal of humic-like (19.2%) and tryptophan-like proteins (61.1%) by Al-WTR. Despite Fe-WTR's higher predicted sorption, the SUVA25, model's b value and desorption data indicated weaker sorption and unstable Fe complexes. Al-WTR appeared as a more effective adsorbent for enhancing DOC stabilization. These results suggest that Al-WTR is a more effective material for DOC stabilization. Its sorptive potential could enhance carbon storage thus increasing the potential for carbon sequestration when used in natural systems.

10. 题目: Treated wastewater enhances soil aggregate stability by increasing soil organic carbon: Evidence from δ13C and δ15N signatures.
文章编号: N26041205
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Rahmatullah Hashimi, Girisha K Ganjegunte, Jhaman Das Suthar, Saurav Kumar, Santosh S Palmate
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Treated wastewater (TWW) irrigation is increasingly used in arid regions, and its effects on soil salinity are well documented. However, its influence on soil carbon fractions, aggregation, and stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopes remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the impacts of TWW irrigation on soil total carbon (TC), soil organic carbon (SOC), active carbon (AC), inorganic carbon (IOC), water-stable aggregates (WSA), δ13C, δ15N, and aggregate-associated carbon and nitrogen isotopes across multiple soil depths. Compared to freshwater (FW), TWW significantly increased AC at 0-15, 15-30, and 30-45 cm by 16.8%, 23.0%, and 32.4%, respectively, and enhanced SOC by 31.7% at 45-60 cm depth. The >2 mm WSA increased by 16.7% and 48.9% at 0-15 and 30-45 cm, respectively, under TWW irrigation. TWW also enhanced aggregate-associated carbon at depths of 0-15 and 15-30 cm and enriched δ15N at depths of 30-45 and 45-60 cm. In contrast, aggregate-associated δ13C decreased at 30-60 cm, and δ13C values across aggregate fractions were consistently lower than bulk soil at depths of 15-60 cm. Variations in SOC and AC were over 30% greater in subsoil than topsoil, whereas δ13C and δ15N showed no comparable depth trend, indicating a decoupling between soil carbon accumulation and organic matter quality. Structural equation modeling further revealed that soil total carbon, δ13C, and δ15N jointly act as dominant drivers of WSA, highlighting that aggregate stabilization under TWW irrigation is governed by integrated carbon quantity and transformation processes. Overall, TWW irrigation enhances subsoil carbon accumulation and aggregate stability while influencing soil isotopic composition, revealing new insights into soil carbon dynamics in arid agroecosystems.

11. 题目: Plant life form, biomass allocation, and belowground structure shape depth-dependent soil organic carbon accumulation as blue carbon sources in vegetated tidal flats.
文章编号: N26041204
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Jae-Hoon Park, Yeo-Bin Park, Ji-Won Park, Sang-Pil Lee, Do-Hun Ryu, Seung-Jun Lee, Jun-Mo Kim, Ji-Su Ko, Eui-Joo Kim, Yoon-Seo Kim, Young-Han You
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Korean tidal flats are gaining attention for their high potential as blue carbon storages, but research on vegetated areas remains limited. To address this gap, this study examined the vertical distribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) in halophyte-vegetated tidal flats on Korea's west coast and investigated how plant life form, biomass allocation, and belowground structure are associated with SOC accumulation and stabilization, using measurements of plant organ biomass and SOC at multiple depths. The results showed clear differences in SOC distribution among vegetation types. SOC in perennial herbaceous plant communities was 1.2 times higher than that in annual herbaceous plant communities. Furthermore, in tidal flats dominated by perennial vegetation, the contribution of belowground halophyte-derived organic carbon to soil organic carbon increased in proportion to belowground biomass organic carbon (p < 0.001). In vegetated areas, belowground carbon (BGC) showed the strongest association with SOC accumulation among the vegetation-related variables examined, and differences in SOC distribution among plant communities reflected variation in belowground biomass allocation and structure. These findings demonstrate that the vertical distribution and stabilization of SOC in vegetated tidal flats are closely linked to halophyte belowground productivity and highlight the potential for targeted restoration and management of perennial herbaceous vegetation to enhance blue carbon storage, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation and the long-term resilience of coastal ecosystems.

12. 题目: High resolution airborne and satellite remote sensing observations of coastal dissolved organic matter dynamics along the North Slope of Alaska.
文章编号: N26041203
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Jonathan Sherman, Maria Tzortziou, Kyle J Turner, Wesley Moses, Steven G Ackleson, Ahmed El-Habashi, Blake Clark
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: The influx and transformation of terrestrial dissolved organic matter (DOM), nutrients, and sediments transported by Arctic rivers significantly shape regional and coastal ecology, biogeochemical cycles, and ecosystem resilience. High-resolution remote sensing from airborne and satellite platforms provides an unparalleled capability to capture these biogeochemical gradients at multiple scales across the Arctic land-ocean continuum. Here, we applied a robust multispectral remote sensing algorithm approach, optimized for Alaska's North Slope, to both satellite (Sentinel-2/MSI, Sentinel-3/OLCI) and airborne (AVIRIS-NG) imagery, to provide a first-of-its-kind view of the complex DOM spatiotemporal dynamics that characterize this Arctic coastline. These algorithms included retrievals of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) absorption at 300 nm, absorption spectral slope (S275-295), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. Several atmospheric correction approaches were evaluated to minimize retrieval errors. Remotely sensed DOC (using L2gen-derived Rrs) showed excellent agreement with summer field observations of DOC magnitude and spatiotemporal range. Both airborne and satellite imagery revealed intense gradients in DOM amount and quality across the Arctic river-to-ocean continuum, strong accumulation within the North Slope's barrier islands, and transition to less humic, progressively degraded, and/or biologically derived DOM further offshore. Remote sensing retrievals captured the seasonal variability in DOM and its linkage to the spring freshet and shifting riverine hydrology. This study provides an unparalleled airborne and space-based view of DOM dynamics along the complex, rapidly transforming, and challenging to access coastal waters of Alaska's North Slope.

13. 题目: Effects of pig bone‑derived hydroxyapatite on contaminated manure composting: humification, copper/zinc immobilization, and high‑risk antibiotic resistance genes
文章编号: N26041202
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Jiaxin Liu, Chaoqun Yan, Shulin Zhang, Guoquan Zeng, Shiyu Ma, Jingtong Dai, Huayan Huang, Yanglong Li, Feifan Yu, Yu-xian Shangguan, Heng Xu, Huakang Liu
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: The high-value utilization of livestock manure remains a critical challenge due to co-contamination with heavy metals (Cu/Zn) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), particularly high-risk ARGs that threaten public health. Here, pig bone-derived bio-based hydroxyapatite was incorporated into aerobic composting to comprehensively explore its effects on humification, heavy metals (Cu/Zn) passivation, and ARGs dissemination, as well as the underlying microbial mechanisms. Results demonstrated that bio-based hydroxyapatite prolonged the thermophilic phase, increased humus and humic acid contents by 27.9% and 31.4% respectively, and significantly up-regulated functional genes involved in carbon degradation (e.g., pox for lignin, amyA for starch, xylA for hemicellulose) and carbon fixation (e.g., accA in HP/HB cycle, acsA in WL pathway). The bioavailable fractions of Cu and Zn were reduced by 38.56% and 13.78% via complexation with humic substances and bio-based hydroxyapatite’s surface functional groups. Notably, total ARGs abundance decreased by 26.1%, with Rank I and II high-risk ARGs reduced by 58.74% and 81.82% relative to the control. Bio-based hydroxyapatite also reduced the abundance of mobile genetic elements by 29.73% and inhibited the proliferation of Salmonella, a key ARGs host genus. Mechanistically, bio-based hydroxyapatite promoted stochastic microbial community assembly, enhanced cooperative interspecies interactions, and constrained horizontal gene transfer by alleviating oxidative stress (ROS/SOS pathway) and reducing bacterial motility (chemotaxis and flagellar assembly). These findings elucidated the multi-dimensional regulatory role of bio-based hydroxyapatite in synergistically improving compost quality and mitigating co-occurring ecological risks, providing valuable insights for the safe resource utilization of contaminated livestock manure.

14. 题目: Silica alters phosphorus interactions with goethite and hematite: contrasting effects of amorphous silica and monosilicic acid
文章编号: N26041201
期刊: Frontiers in Environmental Science
作者: Peter Onyisi Uhuegbue, Martin Obst, Karsten Kalbitz, Jörg Schaller
更新时间: 2026-04-12
摘要: Introduction Phosphorus (P) fixation on iron (Fe) oxides in soils is a major constraint on crop production and fertilizer efficiency. Silica (Si) has been proposed to influence P dynamics through competitive interaction at mineral surfaces, yet the relative effects of different Si sources (amorphous silica (ASi) vs. monomeric silicic acid (MSi)) and their interaction with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) remain poorly understood at the mineral scale, particularly across pH values relevant to agricultural soils. Methods We evaluated changes in calcium-acetate-lactate (CAL)-extractable P from phosphate-preconditioned hematite and goethite after 30 days of incubation at pH 5 and 7, following the addition of ASi or MSi, with and without DOC co-application. Results In P-only reference treatments, CAL-extractable P remained low over 30 days, ranging from 1.30 to 1.46 and 0.79–0.99 mg P kg -1 for hematite at pH 5 and 7, respectively. Addition of ASi increased CAL-extractable P to 2.14–2.78 mg P kg -1 and 2.28–4.14 mg P kg -1 at pH 5 and 7, respectively. For goethite, CAL-extractable P increased from 0.11 to 0.16 and 0.06–0.37 mg P kg -1 in reference treatments to 0.26–0.45 and 0.20–0.63 mg P kg -1 at pH 5 and 7 following ASi addition. MSi treatment resulted in lower increases in CAL-extractable P and was responsive only for hematite. Co-application of DOC further increased CAL-extractable P (up to 2.7-fold), although the extracted fraction remained small relative to the total mineral-associated P pool. Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy revealed localized Si accumulation coinciding with reduced surface-associated P signals on goethite at pH 5, consistent with altered mineral–phosphate interactions following Si addition. Discussion These results suggest that sustained Si supply from ASi dissolution can modify mineral–phosphate interactions, likely through competitive interaction and increased surface coverage by Si, whereas single-dose MSi inputs exert weaker effects. Although the observed increases represent only a small fraction of the mineral-associated P pool, such shifts toward more exchangeable P forms may influence the replenishment of soil solution P. While the experiments were conducted under simplified mineral suspension conditions, the findings indicate that silica inputs may affect labile P pools in Fe-oxide-rich agricultural soils.

15. 题目: Impact-processed nitrogen-bearing organics in Chang’e-5 and Chang’e-6 lunar regolith
文章编号: N26041023
期刊: Science Advances
作者: Mingtan Dong, Jialong Hao, H G Changela, Hengci Tian, Shengxuan Huang, Yuyang He, Xiaochun Liu, Xiaoguang Li, Sen Hu, Wei Yang, Yangting Lin
更新时间: 2026-04-10
摘要: The Moon has preserved a unique record of organic matter delivered and reworked by asteroid and comet impacts. Here, we report diverse organic phases (particle-like, adhering-like, and inclusion-like) on the surfaces of lunar regolith grains returned by the Chang’e-5 and Chang’e-6 missions. They are predominantly amorphous carbon–like, containing N- and O-bearing functionalities and amide (─CONH─) linkages. The lunar organics show δD, δ 13 C, and δ 15 N values more negative than those of insoluble organic matter reported in carbonaceous chondrites and asteroids, consistent with impact-induced evaporation-condensation and surface reworking. The presence of solar wind implantation signatures in the organics supports long-term exposure on the lunar surface. Together, these findings suggest that the impacts both delivered and chemically processed organic matter on the lunar surface, generating N- and O-bearing functionalities.

16. 题目: Raman Analysis of Black Carbon Using Artificial Neural Networks for Emission Source Classification
文章编号: N26041022
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: L Drudi, M Giardino, R Bellopede
更新时间: 2026-04-10
摘要: Black Carbon (BC), a major component of Particulate Matter (PM), plays a crucial role in air pollution, climate change, and public health impacts, due to its light-absorbing nature and ability to penetrate deeply into the respiratory system. Despite being the subject of scientific research for many years, a significant gap remains in BC source apportionment, specifically the identification of the specific combustion sources. However, the identification and relative quantification of BC contributions by source type (e.g., domestic heating, biomass combustion, fossil fuels) provide critical information for the development and implementation of effective pollution mitigation strategies. In this paper, we demonstrate the potential of Raman spectroscopy for the source apportionment of BC samples originating from gasoline, diesel, and biomass combustion. Recorded Raman spectra were used to train a multilayer perceptron (MLP) classifier, which achieved an identification accuracy of 96.9% on testing data, confirming the method's reliability and paving the way for the development of a routine source apportionment technique based on Raman spectroscopy. Finally, the classification was performed on BC collected in two distinct sampling stations showing different contribution from fossil fuel (diesel and gasoline) and biomass burning, consistent with their respective emission contexts.

17. 题目: Size distribution and diurnal variations of brown carbon absorption using DMF and methanol extraction methods: Implications for the origins of extremely low-volatility organics
文章编号: N26041021
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Yuanyuan Zhang, Furong Zhao, Chunyu Huang, Zhijuan Shao, Wei Feng, Hong Liao, Yuhang Wang, Guofeng Shen, Mingjie Xie
更新时间: 2026-04-10
摘要: In this study, paired PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ samples with low time resolution (11 h) and time-resolved PM_2.5 samples (2–6 h) were collected from northern Nanjing, China, during summer and winter. The light absorption of organic carbon (OC) in each sample was measured for N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and methanol extracts, respectively. The light absorption coefficient of DMF extracts at 365 nm (Abs_365,d) showed no significant difference (Student's t-test, p > 0.05) between PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ samples, consistent with existing observations for methanol extracts (Abs_365,m). However, the mean Abs_365,d values for PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were significantly higher (p < 0.01) than the corresponding Abs_365,m values, as extremely low volatility OC (ELVOC) with strong light absorption is more soluble in DMF than in methanol. This difference also applies to other cities in the central Yangtze River Delta, China, based on direct measurements. Diurnal variation analysis using time-resolved PM_2.5 samples showed that Abs_365,d was greater than Abs_365,m mainly at 8:00–10:00 and 20:00–2:00 in both summer and winter, indicating that ELVOC from fresh emissions during the morning rush hour and from nighttime oxidation was likely more soluble in DMF than in methanol. Source apportionment of Abs_365,d and Abs_365,m was conducted using concentration data of organic molecular markers in the same samples. The difference in the contribution of resuspended road dust mixed with combustion emissions to Abs_365,d and Abs_365,m showed similar diurnal variations to measured Abs_365,d minus Abs_365,m, suggesting it may be an important source of light-absorbing ELVOC.

18. 题目: Fungi-Driven Shifts in Soil DOM Molecular Composition under Biobased Biodegradable Microplastic Exposure
文章编号: N26041020
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Xiaofang Ma, Zhijun Wei, Ke Meng, Xiaomin Wang, Xueying Feng, Yumeng Zhang, Meng Wu, Xiaoyuan Yan, Rong Ji, Jun Shan
更新时间: 2026-04-10
摘要: Biobased biodegradable microplastics (Bio-MPs) can alter both the quantity and molecular composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil, which profoundly shapes the stability of soil organic matter (SOM). However, the microbial mechanisms underlying the Bio-MP-induced DOM turnover, particularly the role of fungi, remain largely unclear. Here, we tracked DOM molecular dynamics using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) and characterized microbial communities using 16S rRNA gene and ITS amplicon sequencing during a 30-day soil incubation amended with polylactic acid (PLA-MPs, low biodegradability) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA-MPs, high biodegradability). Our results showed that PLA-MPs exerted minimal impacts on DOM dynamics, whereas PHA-MPs rapidly increased DOM content and CO2 emission and shifted the DOM molecular composition from recalcitrant compounds (e.g., lignins and tannins) toward labile compounds (e.g., lipids and proteins/amino sugars). These alterations were primarily driven by fungal depolymerization of PHA-MPs and SOM to generate labile DOM, followed by bacterial assimilation, indicating a fungal-initiated metabolic cascade that governs soil DOM turnover under PHA-MP exposure. The increase in labile DOM was mainly associated with enrichment of fast-growing fungi (e.g., Neocosmospora). Overall, this study elucidates the pivotal role of fungi in mediating Bio-MP-induced DOM turnover and shaping SOM stability.

19. 题目: Atmospheric black carbon in the climate system
文章编号: N26041019
期刊: Nature Reviews Earth & Environment
作者: Örjan Gustafsson, Krishnakant Budhavant, Navinya Chimurkar, Sean Clarke, Gabrielle Dreyfus, Xin Gong, Zbigniew Klimont, Klaus Klingmüller, Sang-Woo Kim, Jos Lelieveld, Gunnar Myhre, H.R.C.R. Nair, Jianfei Peng, V Ramanathan, Archita Rana, M R Manoj, S K Satheesh, Chandra Venkataraman, Qiang Zhang
更新时间: 2026-04-10
摘要: Black carbon (BC) aerosols are short-lived climate pollutants with important, but uncertain, climate impacts. In this Review, we synthesize observations of atmospheric BC concentrations, sources, optical properties, lifetimes and climate effects, drawing comparisons with atmospheric model simulations. Isotopic fingerprinting reveals regional differences in BC sources, with biomass burning contributing 93 ± 3% in sub-Saharan Africa, 56 ± 7% in South Asia and 28 ± 5% in East Asia. Atmospheric BC loadings have declined in South America, East Asia, Europe and North America, and stabilized in Africa and South Asia owing to clean air policies and advances in technology and practices. The optical properties of BC influence its climate effects. The global-mean mass absorption coefficient (MAC550) of atmospheric BC is 12.3 ± 5.8 m2 g−1, being highest in Africa, Europe and South Asia. MAC550 is enhanced near universally by 1.6 ± 0.4 owing to ageing during long-range transport. In major emission regions, the aerosol absorption optical depth and the direct aerosol radiative forcing ratio between the bottom and the top of the atmosphere are lower in model simulations than in observations by factors of 2 and 1.5, respectively. Relative to long-term observations, model simulations estimate higher BC deposition fluxes but lower concentrations and sunlight absorption. These discrepancies have implications for the accuracy of model representations of humidity, clouds, precipitation and climate forcing. Future research should prioritize comparisons of emission inventory and model estimates with observations to enhance model accuracy and guide mitigation efforts.

20. 题目: Endogenous organic matter of anaerobic sludge as a recyclable carbon source for anammox process: in situ enrichment and ingredient differences
文章编号: N26041018
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Hao Sheng, Yayi Wang
更新时间: 2026-04-10
摘要: Securing sufficient organic carbon is a critical challenge for sustainable nitrogen removal from wastewater, with external carbon sources (e.g., sodium acetate, >300 USD per ton) contributing ∼20% of direct operational costs. This study evaluated the feasibility of using partial endogenous organic matter (EOM) derived from wastewater sludge as a recyclable carbon source for biological nitrogen removal. Two lab-scale reactors were operated for 150 days with in situ addition of nitrate (NO3−) or nitrite (NO2−) to differentiate their oxidative properties to selectively enrich partial EOM and the associated microbial consortia. Results indicated that partial EOM accounted for ∼70% of the total EOM, while the anammox process contributed to ∼20% removal of the endogenous released NH4+. 15N isotope tracing results confirmed that anammox accounted for 5.7% of total nitrogen removal. GC–MS analysis identified n-hexane as a key component of the partial EOM. These findings demonstrate that partial EOM from sludge can be harnessed as an economical and recyclable carbon source, offering a sustainable pathway for sludge recycling and enhancing biological nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment systems.