论文检索

总访问量：2833708次

总访客量：124751人

所有论文

21. 题目: Realistic and field scale applications of biochar for water remediation: A literature review.
文章编号: N25050805
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: June Fang, Dengjun Wang, Richard Wilkin, Chunming Su
更新时间: 2025-05-08
摘要: Biochar has received increasing attention in recent years as a potentially cost-competitive adsorbent for removing various contaminants from surface water and groundwater. However, most published studies have been conducted in the laboratory on a bench scale. Laboratory conditions do not necessarily reflect the complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic field conditions of actual contaminated surface water and groundwater environments. There is a lack of comprehensive literature review regarding the performance of biochar for contaminant removal, especially under realistic field conditions and at field scale. Here, we evaluated 31 studies on realistic applications of biochar for water remediation by searching the keywords: pilot scale, field scale, and mesocosm scale combined with biochar and water remediation. Biochar was found to be incorporated into a variety of water remediation technologies for treating both inorganic and organic contaminants, such as nutrients, heavy metals, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals in polluted waters and wastewaters. Also, biochar showed the potential to be effective on a field scale or in realistic remediation technologies, although it is not always as effective as other sorbents, such as activated carbon (AC). This is partially because AC has better physicochemical characteristics such as higher surface area and more micropores. Effectiveness for contaminant removal varies according to the targeted contaminants, the type and dosage of biochar used, and the treatment technology incorporating biochar. Finally, knowledge gaps and future research areas are identified. For example, more field scale studies are needed to test the effectiveness of biochar as an adsorbent under realistic conditions to pinpoint specific characteristics suitable for target contaminants. Physicochemical characteristics of the biochar can also change over time during the treatment process due to weathering, which may negatively affect the treatment performance. The effects of scaling up production on biochar quality should therefore also be further investigated, as physicochemical characteristics can be affected by varying the synthesis conditions. Regeneration and disposal of spent biochar is another active research area to determine the overall treatment costs.

22. 题目: Photodegradation of Pollutants in the Hydrophobic Cores of Dissolved Organic Matter: When Is It Important?
文章编号: N25050804
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Elio Mondino, Luca Carena, Cheng Gu, Davide Vione
更新时间: 2025-05-08
摘要: In natural surface waters, hydroxyl radicals (^•OH) and singlet oxygen (¹O₂) are known to occur not only in the bulk aqueous phase but also within the hydrophobic cores of dissolved organic matter (DOM). In these DOM sites, ^•OH and ¹O₂ reach steady-state concentrations that are orders of magnitude higher than those in bulk water, which can enhance photodegradation of hydrophobic pollutants. In analogy with previous works, here, we use a two-phase reactivity model to address the importance of the phenomenon. The model requires much care to identify which variables are referred to the total solution volume (bulk water + DOM), the volume of the water bulk, and most importantly, that of the DOM phase. We suggest that DOM-phase partitioning could significantly affect the photodegradation of pollutants having an octanol–water partition coefficient log₁₀ K_ow > 3. In the case of ^•OH, differences should be expected between irradiation of solutions containing organic matter alone as the only ^•OH source and irradiation of natural water samples where ^•OH would also be generated by photolysis of nitrate and nitrite.

23. 题目: Equal-straw produced biochar continuous incorporation substitutes straw returns for global warming mitigation: An appraisal based on five-year field experiment
文章编号: N25050803
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Wei Zhang, Jun-Sheng Lu, Shi-Qing Li, Tian-Tian Hu, Xiao-Hong Tian
更新时间: 2025-05-08
摘要: Converting crop straw into biochar incorporation is a promising solution to avoiding straw return’s potential risk of elevated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions that could compromise the benefits of carbon (C) sequestration. Hereby, we proposed the continuous biochar incorporation that produced with equal-straw amounts (BI) to substitute straw returns in cropland. Nevertheless, this solution lacks strong evidences and mechanistic supports in the effectiveness and potential of global warming mitigation. Therefore, in a dryland wheat-maize rotation system, we conducted a 5-year field experiment with continuous applications of BI, straw incorporation (SI) and no incorporation (CK) to comprehensively assess the net global warming potential (GWP) and unveil its underlying mechanisms. The results suggested that the net GWP of BI was −7703 kg CO₂-eq ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, decreased by 69.9 % compared with SI (P < 0.05). This substantial reduction was primarily driven by enhanced soil C sequestration and reduced GHG emissions. Specifically, SI increased CO₂ and N₂O emissions by 23.6 % and 18.9 % (P < 0.05), respectively, while BI increased CO₂ emissions by 6.2 % and decreased N₂O emissions by 11.2 % compared with CK (P < 0.05), which led to a four-times’ advantage of GWP mitigation gap for BI over SI. Crucially, the effect gap increased with incorporation years though showing a threshold value. Meanwhile, BI, SI and CK enhanced soil C sequestration by 2230, 1409 and −40 kg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, respectively, under total C inputs by 4175, 5827 and 2258 kg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (anthropogenic incorporation C (1602, 3404 and 0 kg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹) + root-derived C (estimated by plant biomass)). BI showed the highest plant biomass by 34 Mg ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ among treatments, contributing to the increase of root-derived C input in rotation system. All data indirectly proved root-derived C sequestration increased under BI. Overall, BI mitigated GWP bidirectionally through both reduced GHG emissions and efficient soil C sequestration. Importantly, GHG emissions reduction increased with incorporation years and the advantage of soil C sequestration over SI was critically depended on enhanced crop root-derived C sequestration. These findings supplement strong evidences for straw return optimization for climate warming mitigation, contributing to disseminating the application of equal-straw produced biochar in global croplands. This study raises our strategic awareness of biochar positive role in climate change mitigation, since that the solution is promising in yield improvement, GWP enduring inhibition, abundant raw materials and accessing conveniently, coupled with low economical-and environmental-cost of conversion technology in future.

24. 题目: Evaluating the simultaneous retention of organic matter, organic contaminants, and Escherichia coli in biochar-amended biofilters
文章编号: N25050802
期刊: Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology
作者: Johanna Jernberg, Tadele Haile, Bridget Ulrich
更新时间: 2025-05-08
摘要: Though organic contaminants and Escherichia coli (E. coli) are very different contaminants, both are ubiquitous in urban runoff, susceptible to passing through conventional biofilters, and interact with high-temperature biochars primarily via hydrophobic interactions. However, limited information is available regarding their simultaneous retention in biochar-amended filtration systems, which was evaluated here via intermittently dosed column tests. Columns amended with commercial biochar (ABC-biochar or WF-biochar) were compared to sand-only controls over treatment of 100 empty bed volumes (EBVs) of creek water, which was augmented with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and organic contaminants, as well as E. coli during three loading periods. While both biochars demonstrated similar DOC removal, effluents from ABC-biochar columns showed reduced specific ultraviolet absorption (SUVA) and improved organic contaminant retention relative to sand-only and WF-biochar columns. However, biochar-amended filters showed limited improvement in E. coli retention, as sand-only and biochar-amended columns demonstrated up to 1.0 ± 0.5 and 1.4 ± 0.4 log-removal of E. coli, respectively. E. coli log-removal for all columns was reduced to 0.5 ± 0.1 following a freeze-thaw cycle. Drainage rates for ABC-biochar columns were on average approximately 50% higher than the other columns, demonstrating the importance of considering hydraulic conditions when assessing overall filtration performance. Our findings warrant more rigorous validation of the effects of biochar amendment to filtration performance under environmentally relevant conditions and at the field scale.

25. 题目: Soil Carbon Saturation: What Do We Really Know?
文章编号: N25050801
期刊: Global Change Biology
作者: Katerina Georgiou, Denis Angers, Ryan E Champiny, M Francesca Cotrufo, Matthew E Craig, Sebastian Doetterl, A Stuart Grandy, Jocelyn M Lavallee, Yang Lin, Emanuele Lugato, Christopher Poeplau, Katherine S Rocci, Steffen A Schweizer, Johan Six, William R Wieder
更新时间: 2025-05-08
摘要: Managing soils to increase organic carbon storage presents a potential opportunity to mitigate and adapt to global change challenges, while providing numerous co-benefits and ecosystem services. However, soils differ widely in their potential for carbon sequestration, and knowledge of biophysical limits to carbon accumulation may aid in informing priority regions. Consequently, there is great interest in assessing whether soils exhibit a maximum capacity for storing organic carbon, particularly within organo–mineral associations given the finite nature of reactive minerals in a soil. While the concept of soil carbon saturation has existed for over 25 years, recent studies have argued for and against its importance. Here, we summarize the conceptual understanding of soil carbon saturation at both micro- and macro-scales, define key terminology, and address common concerns and misconceptions. We review methods used to quantify soil carbon saturation, highlighting the theory and potential caveats of each approach. Critically, we explore the utility of the principles of soil carbon saturation for informing carbon accumulation, vulnerability to loss, and representations in process-based models. We highlight key knowledge gaps and propose next steps for furthering our mechanistic understanding of soil carbon saturation and its implications for soil management.

26. 题目: Effect of Streptomyces spp. metabolites and the combination of biochar and compost on Fusarium graminearum inhibition, triticale growth, and soil properties
文章编号: N25050713
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Laura Buzón-Durán, Beatriz Molinuevo-Salces, Mari Cruz García-González, Mercedes Sánchez-Báscones, Claudia Vitoria, Carmo Horta
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: Fusarium graminearum is the most harmful pathogen associated with Fusarium Head Blight (FHB) disease in triticale. Among the strategies that can be envisaged for its control, the reuse of organic residues for the production of secondary metabolites from Streptomyces spp. is particularly promising. The study presented herein focuses on the assessment of the antagonistic capacity of the culture filtrates of Streptomyces rochei alone, with compost, with biochar or with both of them, and their culture filtrates against F. graminearum. Firstly, the secondary metabolites were characterized by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, with 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, 2–3 Butanediol, Oxime-, methoxy-phenyl and acid butanoic being the most abundant chemical species. Subsequently, the capacity of S. rochei to inhibit the growth of the pathogen was tested in dual culture plate assays, finding 83 % inhibition. Sporangial tests showed that the mixture of S. rochei and biochar can inhibit 100 % of sporangia germination. Micropot trials conducted on triticale using the crop filtrates not only inhibited pathogen growth with all treatments but also improved crop growth. Hence, the culture filtrates of biochar, compost, compost and biochar, and the selected Streptomyces spp. culture filtrates may be put forward as promising protection treatments for the sustainable control of fusariosis.

27. 题目: The Fe-doped biochar cathode-modified electro-Fenton formed through one-pot pyrolysis of two solid wastes holds the potential to degrade emerging contaminants in actual wastewater: Singlet oxygen plays a dominant role
文章编号: N25050712
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Shenbao Qu, Hongyan Yang, Ruyi Wang, Hongdi Mou, Man Wei, Xia Hu, Aijiang Yang, Shiying Song, Zhe Li, Yiu Fai Tsang
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: Heterogeneous electro-Fenton (HEF) technology is considered an effective method for degrading emerging contaminants in wastewater, and the recycling of solid waste is deemed a more environmentally friendly means of manufacturing cathode materials. In this study, a series of modified biochar (Jarx) featuring an obvious porous structure, active defects, and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups were synthesized through the pyrolysis of industrial solid waste jarosite and distillers’ grains using a simple one-pot method. Within 5 h, the HEF system demonstrated a highly efficient elimination rate of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) of 82.64 % and TOC removal of 51.46 % under neutral conditions, along with low Fe leaching of 0.039 mg/L. It was demonstrated that singlet Oxygen plays a crucial part in the process. The catalyst (AMDS-1), which was synthesized by employing acid mine drainage sludge as a substitute for jarosite, also sustained comparable degradation performance for DMP. Additionally, the system exhibits excellent recyclability, anti-interference ability and practicability, and is capable of effectively degrading atrazine, chloramphenicol, quinoline and bisphenol A. Moreover, it can even eliminate 8.66 % of dibutyl phthalate and 72.44 % of perfluorooctanoic acid in the actual landfill leachate. This study offers valuable experience for the synthesis of green and economical HEF cathode materials to effectively degrade emerging contaminants in the actual aquatic environment through the approach of “treating waste with waste”.

28. 题目: Application and evaluation of biochar/attapulgite composites for controlling nitrogen pollution and ecological response in a small lentic system: implications water/sediment quality management in standing water bodies
文章编号: N25050711
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Xiaoli Huang, Wenjing Zhou, Kanli Cui, Qirui Hao, Qi Hu, Tangbin Huo, Longwu Geng, Wei Xu, Yumei Wang, Xinyue Zhao, Showxin Liu
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: Controlling the release of nitrogen from sediment is a crucial strategy for mitigating nitrogen levels in aquatic environments. This study evaluated the effects of a composite material consisting of biochar and attapulgite during a seven-month experimental period as a sediment cover under large-scale outdoor conditions. Three groups (a control group (B-Pond), a low-dose group (L-Pond), and a high-dose group (H-Pond)) were assessed overlying water quality, nitrogen in sediment, plankton community shifts, and microbial community dynamics. The results showed that BC-ATP coverage effectively reduced nitrogen release from the sediment. Compared with the control group, ammonia and total nitrogen concentrations in water of H-Pond after the experiment, decreased by 45.81% and 17.87%, respectively. Ammonia-nitrogen concentrations in the sediment of H-Pond were generally lower than those of the other two ponds throughout the aquaculture period. Especially in August, ammonia nitrogen in the sediment of H-Pond decreased by 129.95% compared to B-Pond. These materials greatly improved the various diversity indices of the phytoplankton community. The mean Shannon-Wiener, Pielou, and Margalef indices for H-Pond were 3.47, 0.52, and 6.08, respectively. The means of these indices for B-Pond were 3.03, 0.47, and 5.41, respectively. It also promoted the growth of microorganisms associated with denitrification, notably Dechloromonas and Steroidobacteraceae, in the sediment surface layer, enhancing nitrogen removal. These microbes exhibited positive correlations with one another, playing a key role in maintaining community stability. The findings suggest that BC-ATP can effectively mitigate nitrogen pollution in sediment, providing valuable insights and potential solutions for optimizing water environments.

29. 题目: Biochar from green coconut husk as a sustainable support for laccase immobilization: Preparation, characterization, and preliminary application
文章编号: N25050710
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Larissa S de O. Mota, Bruno S Peixoto, Alyne A G Leal, Célia M Ronconi, Marcela C de Moraes
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: Water contamination by organic pollutants is a significant environmental concern, requiring efficient and sustainable remediation strategies. In this study, a bifunctional material capable of simultaneously adsorbing and enzymatically degrading contaminants was developed. For this purpose, laccase (LAC) from Trametes versicolor was immobilized onto activated carbon with phosphoric acid (ACP) derived from green coconut husk, to develop the laccase-coated biochar (ACP-LAC). The immobilization process was optimized, and material characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, textural analysis, and zeta potential measurements confirmed the successful enzyme attachment, primarily through hydrogen bonding. Immobilization enhanced enzyme stability against pH and temperature variations, improved storage stability, and preserved catalytic activity over multiple reuse cycles. The Michaelis-Menten constant was determined to assess the impact of immobilization on enzymatic activity. ACP and ACP-LAC were applied to remove the model contaminant 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP), with ACP-LAC demonstrating superior efficiency due to the synergistic effects of adsorption and enzymatic degradation. These findings highlight the potential of biochar as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly support for laccase immobilization in water decontamination applications and contribute to developing novel biochar-based biocatalysts.

30. 题目: Optical transformation of riverine colored dissolved organic matter during salt-induced flocculation
文章编号: N25050709
期刊: Biogeochemistry
作者: Eero Asmala, Ryan W Paerl, Christopher L Osburn
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要:

Flocculation of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) in estuaries is crucial for transforming and removing terrestrial carbon inputs across the land-to-ocean aquatic continuum. We measured variations in chromophoric DOM (CDOM) absorption and fluorescence of riverine DOM through mixing experiments conducted across various seasons and environments, identifying patterns in salt-induced flocculation. Our observations show a systematic reduction in CDOM absorption in the 250–450 nm range at salinity 2, with a sharper decrease at higher wavelengths. Flocculation led to decreased relative fluorescence intensity below emission wavelength of 360 nm and an increased intensity at higher emission wavelengths across the excitation spectrum measured (250–450 nm). We introduce a new metric, red shift ratio, a fluorescence-based metric calculated as the ratio of emission intensity at 300–350 nm to that at 360–500 nm, at excitation wavelengths between 250 and 300 nm, for detecting flocculation-induced changes in CDOM across estuarine systems. The observed sensitivity of CDOM to flocculation in low salinities challenges its use as a conservative tracer in coastal gradients, suggesting that recalibrations are required for remote sensing algorithms and carbon flux estimations across land-sea continuum, particularly in systems with similar characteristics.

31. 题目: Field Observation of Important Nonactivation Scavenging of Black Carbon by Clouds
文章编号: N25050708
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Shuo Ding, Dantong Liu, Shitong Zhao, Yangzhou Wu, Siyuan Li, Baiwan Pan, Xiaomi Teng, Weijun Li, Weiqi Xu, Yi Zhang, Yele Sun, Yunfei Wu, Xiaole Pan, Xiaocong Peng, Guohua Zhang, Xinhui Bi, Ping Tian, Lanzhong Liu, Zifa Wang
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: The in-cloud scavenging of black carbon containing (BCc) aerosols by cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activation is considered to be the primary mechanism for wet scavenging. By measuring the particle-resolved mixing state of BCc in the residues of orographic clouds downstream of a ground-based counter-flow virtual impactor, we found that a fraction of 30–90% of BCc could be in clouds by a collision/coalescence process without satisfying the conventional Köhler theory for CCN activation. These non-CCN BCc in clouds occupied a larger fraction of total in-cloud BCc when cloud droplets were larger, e.g., the non-CCN BCc fraction in clouds increased from 40% to 80% when the effective diameter of droplets increased from about 7.6 to 15.8 μm. This collision/coalescence process among droplets and BCc tended to be more efficient for larger droplets, which is also supported by microscopy images that one droplet could capture more than one BC cores. Larger droplets corresponded to lower ambient water supersaturation, under which conditions the removal of BCc in clouds by collision/coalescence may override CCN activation. By in situ measurements, the results here for the first time separated and quantified the BCc in clouds between activation and nonactivation processes, which provides insights into evaluating the wet removal and aging of atmospheric BC.

32. 题目: Integrative use of biochar and biostimulants improves cadmium detoxification and yield in cotton
文章编号: N25050707
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Hany S Osman, Yan Gao, Zhicheng Luo, Khadiga Alharbi, Emadeldeen Rashwan, Alaa El-Dein Omara, Emad M Hafez
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: Dealing with abiotic stress is a challenge to maintaining sustainable agricultural productivity, especially for the dual stress of soil salinity and heavy metal contamination. A field experiment was conducted in a completely randomized factorial design to assess the combined effects of biochar (BC), plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPM), and seaweed extract (SWE) in mitigating cadmium (Cd) toxicity while promoting cotton growth in saline soils. The study included eight treatments: control (CK), single applications of SWE, PGPM, or BC, dual applications of BC + SWE, BC + PGPM, and PGPM + SWE, and a triple application (BC + PGPM + SWE). Results showed that the BC + PGPM + SWE treatment significantly improved soil quality by reducing the Na and Cd bioavailability by 31 % and 34 %, respectively, while enhancing soil organic matter, microbial biomass carbon, and soil enzymatic activity. Antioxidant defense mechanisms in cotton leaves were significantly induced, as indicated by enhanced activity of SOD, APX, DHAR and GR from 1.8-folds in SOD to 3.4-folds the control in GR. Multivariate analysis revealed that enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants of the ascorbate-glutathione cycle seemed to play a key role in oxidative stress mitigation with maintenance of redox homeostasis and chelation of Cd, resulting in a reduction of 18 % and 56 % in Cd translocation factors from root to shoot, and from shoot to bolls, which contributing to a 65 % increase in cotton seed yield. This study demonstrates an integrative approach to enhancing the resilience of the soil and its productivity, thereby offering a scaling-up, eco-friendly strategy toward sustainable agriculture in degraded and stress-prone ecosystems.

33. 题目: A review on the production of nutrient-enriched biochar: Insights from the evolution of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium
文章编号: N25050706
期刊: Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology
作者: Xiaoqiang Cui, Xufeng Li, Junxia Wang, Xutong Wang, Fan Yu, Gaixiu Yang, Shiwei Xu, Zhanjun Cheng, Qianying Yang, Beibei Yan, Guanyi Chen
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: Biochar, a carbonaceous solid produced by thermochemical conversion of biomass, is commonly used for soil improvement. In comparison with the biochars derived from wood chips and grass, the biochar produced from nutrient-enriched feedstocks (e.g., sewage sludge, animal manure, microalgae, and wetland plants) contained higher contents of nutrients and showed greater potential for soil application. To achieve the efficient utilization of nutrients in biochar, the behavior of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) during pyrolysis of nutrient-enriched feedstock should be clarified. This study provides a systematic review of the migration and transformation of N, P, and K during the production of biochar derived from nutrient-enriched biomass, with special emphasis on the effects of nutrient-enriched biochar on soil available nutrients. Perspectives and challenges for agricultural applications of biochar are discussed as well. The migration and transformation of N, P, and K are affected by the pyrolysis temperature and the properties of the feedstock during the pyrolysis process. The application of nutrient-enriched biochar could provide additional nutrients, change the physicochemical properties of soil, and modify microbial community to elevate the content of soil available nutrients. Therefore, the production of nutrient-enriched biochar from N/P/K-enriched biomass wastes for soil applications is a promising scheme for sustainable agriculture.

34. 题目: Performance and adaptation mechanisms of Anammox granular sludge under salinity stress: Role of EPS, microbial community and functional genes
文章编号: N25050705
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Yue Zhou, Qinxue Wen, Chao Pang, Zifan Wang, Zhiqiang Chen
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: Conventional biological treatment methods are often less efficient in treating anaerobic digestion liquor from food waste due to its high salinity and high ammonia nitrogen content. Anammox could effectively treat high-salinity wastewater after adaption, and deep understanding the adaptive mechanisms under varying salinity is key for process optimization. In this study, a salt-tolerant Anammox granular sludge (AGS) system was comprehensively investigated across varying salinity levels (0–25 g/L NaCl). The investigation focused on the interplay among nitrogen removal performance, specific Anammox activity (SAA), biomass dynamics, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), key enzymes, functional genes and microbial community succession. A stable nitrogen removal performance (>86 %) of 15 g/L after acclimation was achieved, with peak SAA (6.73 mg N/h/g VSS) at 5 g/L and severe inhibition occurred at 25 g/L NaCl. These results represent one of the highest performances reported in current studies under similar high-salinity conditions. Declined SAA at 10–15 g/L NaCl was compensated by increased microbial biomass, maintaining system efficiency. Significant increases in EPS, especially tightly-bound (T-EPS) and protein/humic components was observed, which enhanced structural protection. Enrichment of salt-tolerant AnAOB (Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Kuenenia) and heterotrophic denitrifiers, coupled with dynamic regulation of key nitrogen cycling genes (hzo, hzs, narG, nirS) and enzyme activities (Hao, Nar, Nir, Amo) attributed to the adaptation to high salinity. At 25 g/L, process blockage occurred due to imbalance like increased Amo activity (causing nitrite accumulation) and decreased Nir activity (hindering nitrite removal). These findings confirm system resilience up to 15 g/L NaCl and offer valuable insights for applying Anammox AGS to treat high-salinity wastewaters.

35. 题目: Dissolved organic carbon dynamics in a changing ocean: A COBALTv2–ESM2M coupled model analysis
文章编号: N25050704
期刊: Biogeosciences
作者: Lana Flanjak, Aaron Wienkers, Charlotte Laufkötter
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: . Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) constitutes a major component of the marine carbon cycle, yet its present contributions to carbon export, and the response to future climate change remain poorly constrained. Using COBALTv2–ESM2M – GFDL's ocean biogeochemistry model COBALTv2 coupled to the ESM2M Earth System Model – we evaluate present-day DOC distribution and export and project their responses to a high-emission future scenario RCP8.5 to the year 2100. Our model reproduces well the observed large-scale DOC patterns, with highest concentrations (~70–80 μmol C kg^-1) in subtropical gyres and lower values (~40–50 μmol C kg^-1) in subpolar and equatorial upwelling regions. Biological DOC production and remineralization rates are highest in nutrient-rich upwelling zones. The net DOC produced is then transported to the stratified oligotrophic gyres where DOC accumulates, thereby forming the observed global DOC distribution. Present-day global DOC export at 100 m is estimated at 1.6 PgC yr^-1, accounting for about 25% of the total organic carbon (TOC) export modeled at that depth. By 1000 m, DOC export decreases sharply to 0.09 PgC yr^-1, solely because microbial remineralization removes a significant fraction of DOC as it descends deeper into the water column. At 100 m, globally integrated mixing-mediated export is nearly twice that of advection, especially in boundary current regions and subpolar gyres where strong seasonal mixing occurs, whereas advection dominates in subtropical gyres via large-scale subduction of accumulated DOC. At 1000 m, however, advection dominates, particularly in the North Atlantic where deep-water formation facilitates DOC export. Under future warming, intensified stratification and reduced nutrient supply drive a net decline in global DOC production. Nevertheless, upper-ocean DOC concentrations increase slightly, underscoring the continued importance of physical transport in redistributing DOC. The model projects a ~6% reduction in DOC export at 100 m, driven primarily by weakened mixing, and a 25% reduction in advection-dominated deep export at 1000 m depth.

36. 题目: The efficient degradation of high concentration norfloxacin by nitrogen, nickel dual-site biochar activated peroxymonosulfate: performance and mechanism
文章编号: N25050703
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Long Cheng, Hailong Lu, Chunmin Xu, Juan Meng, Jing Luo, Jie Jiang, Hengfei Qin
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要: The heterogeneous magnetic catalyst prepared by biomass-derived porous carbon supported single metal activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade organic pollutants has become a research hotspot in environmental remediation. Therefore, N-doped apple tree branch-based porous carbons (NBCs) with high specific surface area and developed pore structure were successfully prepared by impregnation and pyrolysis to introduce Ni atom to prepare Ni@NBCs catalysts for synergistic adsorption-catalytic efficient removal of Norfloxacin (NOR). The 10%-Ni@NBCs/PMS system has significant degradation performance for NOR, and its removal rate of 94.43% is 2.23 times and 1.35 times that of BCs and NBCs catalysts, respectively. Under different pH ranges and different anions, the 10%-Ni@NBCs/PMS system has good anti-interference ability, and the degradation performance is maintained above 77%. In addition, the stability and universality of 10%-Ni@NBCs were further proved by cyclic experiments and performance measurements in a real water environment. The redox cycle in the reaction process is achieved by promoting the interaction between Ni metal and ${\text{HSO}}_5^{-}$${\text{HSO}}_5^{-}$, and ${\text{O}}_2^{\text{·}-}$${\text{O}}_2^{\text{·}-}$ and ¹O₂ are the main active species. Ecotoxicity assessment showed that the toxicity of NOR was significantly reduced after treatment with 10%-Ni@NBCs. In summary, this study provides a new perspective for the design of economical and recyclable magnetic catalysts and has potential applications in treating organic wastewater.

37. 题目: Insights into photodegradation of antibiotics in aquatic environment considering effects of dissolved organic matter and halide ions
文章编号: N25050702
期刊: Environmental Earth Sciences
作者: Chenxuan Zong, Jingshuang Cui, Jiao Qu, Fangyuan Cheng, Ya-nan Zhang
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要:

The aquatic environment serves as a major reservoir for antibiotics, where photochemical transformation plays a crucial role in their attenuation. In estuarine waters, dissolved organic matter (DOM) and halogen ions are key factors influencing the photodegradation of antibiotics. This study selected five commonly detected antibiotics, metronidazole (MTZ), tinidazole (TNZ), ornidazole (ONZ), ciprofloxacin (CIP), and norfloxacin (NOR), as target pollutants to investigate the individual and combined effects of environmental factors, including DOM, halogen ions, salinity, and pH, on their photochemical degradation. Furthermore, the environmental persistence of these antibiotics in estuarine water was predicted. The observed photolysis rate constants (k_obs) of the five antibiotics varied with salinity and pH, directly affecting their environmental persistence. For nitroimidazole antibiotics, their second-order reaction rate constants with the triplet-excited state of dissolved organic matter (³DOM*) in artificial seawater (ASW) ((0.97–1.19) × 10⁷ M⁻¹ S⁻¹) were lower compared to those in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH = 7) ((1.90–2.40) × 10⁷ M⁻¹ S⁻¹). Similarly, for NOR, its second-order reaction rate constant with singlet oxygen (¹O₂) in ASW (3.35 × 10⁶ M⁻¹ S⁻¹) was lower than in PBS (pH = 7) (11.81 × 10⁶ M⁻¹ S⁻¹). In the presence of DOM, halogen ions exhibited differential effects on the degradation rates of the target antibiotics. Compared to MTZ and TNZ, Cl⁻ and Br⁻ significantly enhanced the photodegradation of CIP and NOR, primarily due to ionic strength and specific halogen ion effects. A predictive model was employed to estimate the k_obs and photolysis half-life (t_1/2) of these antibiotics in the Yellow River estuary. Results indicated that the t_1/2 of nitroimidazole antibiotics in surface water gradually increased as river water transitioned into seawater, whereas the t_1/2 of CIP and NOR decreased due to ionic strength and halogen radical effects. This study underscores the complex interactions among environmental factors governing antibiotic photodegradation and persistence in estuarine systems, providing critical insights into their environmental fate.

38. 题目: Global seagrass carbon stock variability and emissions from seagrass loss
文章编号: N25050701
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Johannes R Krause, Clint Cameron, Ariane Arias-Ortiz, Miguel Cifuentes-Jara, Steve Crooks, Martin Dahl, Daniel A Friess, Hilary Kennedy, Kiah Eng Lim, Catherine E Lovelock, Núria Marbà, Karen J McGlathery, Matthew P J Oreska, Emily Pidgeon, Oscar Serrano, Mathew A Vanderklift, Lynn-Wei Wong, Siti Maryam Yaakub, James W Fourqurean
更新时间: 2025-05-07
摘要:

Seagrass ecosystems are recognized for their capacity to sequester and store organic carbon, but there is large variability in soil organic carbon stocks associated with plant traits and environmental conditions, making the quantification and scaling of carbon storage and fluxes needed to contribute to climate change mitigation highly challenging. Here, we provide estimates of carbon stocks associated with seagrass systems (biomass and soil) through analyses of a comprehensive global database including 2700+ seagrass soil cores. The median global soil C_org stock estimate is 24.2 (12.4 – 44.9) Mg C_org ha⁻¹ in the top 30 cm of soil, 27% lower than estimates from previous global syntheses, refining the IPCC Tier 1 soil C_org stock currently used for carbon accounting in places without local data. We estimate that seagrass carbon stocks at risk of degradation could emit 1,154 Tg (665 – 1699) CO₂ with a social cost of $213 billion (2020 US dollars), if no action is taken to conserve these habitats.

39. 题目: Organic molecular network analysis reveals transformation signatures of dissolved organic matter during anaerobic digestion process
文章编号: N25050607
期刊: Water Research
作者: Xingsheng Yang, Xi Peng, Kai Feng, Shang Wang, Xiao Zou, Ye Deng
更新时间: 2025-05-06
摘要: Identifying the transformation types, i.e., syntheses or decompositions, of organic molecules in complex environmental systems remains a significant challenge. To address this, we propose a new analytical framework, Transformation-based Organic Molecular Ecological Network Analysis (TOMENA) for the systematic recognition and analysis of molecular transformations according to the measurement of high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) through time-series data. Applying the TOMENA framework, we systematically investigated transformation signatures of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during anaerobic digestion processes. We found a close relationship between molecular transformation and molecular weight in the biodegradation system. A total of 129 transformations were identified, involving carbon numbers ranging from 0 to 24, with 59 of these transformations concentrated in small molecular weight changes involving 1-3 carbons. As the molecular weight corresponding to transformations increased, the proportion of bio-transformations used for decomposition decreased linearly. Simultaneously, large molecules were decomposed and small molecules synthesized, indicating a system tendency to transform molecules towards a medium mass range. Topological analysis of the transformation network further expanded our understanding. We discovered that molecular transformations did not follow the shortest path, as the path distance was significantly longer than in random networks (2.558 vs. 2.383). We identified that N-containing transformations were centrally located in the system through edge analysis. However, the transformations’ position did not coincide with functional importance. A comprehensive indicator of irreplaceability and usage frequency revealed that C(+1)H(+3)O(+2)N(-1), C(+1)H(+2), O(+1), C(+3)H(+4)O(+2), and H(-2)O(+1) are critical transformation pathways in the system, showing the top 5 efficiency contributions. Our developed TOMENA workflow provides novel insights and robust methodological support for future research, advancing our understanding of molecular transformations in complex biodegradation system.

40. 题目: Quantifying assembly processes of dissolved organic matter pools in eutrophication using high-resolution mass spectrometry and ecological models
文章编号: N25050606
期刊: Water Research
作者: Guan-Lin Chen, Chen Qian, Meng Du, Min-Jie Tong, Jie-Jie Chen, Han-Qing Yu
更新时间: 2025-05-06
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) represents a large, dynamic pool of carbon, playing a crucial role in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems through its continuous transport and transformation. However, the assembly mechanisms of DOM under different eutrophic conditions remain elusive, hindering the understanding of carbon dynamics and the prediction of carbon fate. Here we collected 72 lake water samples during two sampling events in Chaohu Lake, the fifth largest freshwater lake in China, and performed high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) and ecological null modeling to quantify the assembly processes of DOM in eutrophication. We found that as eutrophic levels increased, the relative contribution of homogeneous selection rose, while the contributions of variable selection and dispersal limitation decreased. The influence of different assembly processes on the DOM pool across sites, although estimated solely from HRMS data, exhibited reasonable consistency with the spatiotemporal variations. Several environmental parameters, including total phosphorus, Secchi disk depth, trophic state index, pH, temperature, and fluorescence index, were significantly correlated with one or more DOM assembly processes (p < 0.05), and assembly mechanisms also shaped the compound composition of DOM. Our findings reveal a shift in DOM assembly from variable selection to homogeneous selection in eutrophication, highlighting the importance of DOM dynamics and environmental homogenization in the management and restoration of eutrophic lakes.