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101. 题目: Decarbonization of pavements through the use of biochar in bituminous mixtures
文章编号: N26030501
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Diana Hernández-Barrera, Teresa López-Montero, Adriana H Martínez, Rodrigo Miró
更新时间: 2026-03-05
摘要: This research studied the feasibility of using biochar as a filler in bituminous mixtures, with the ultimate goal of evaluating its decarbonization potential. To this end, biochar from two sources (olive stones and olive pomace) was used, as well as a conventional filler (calcium carbonate) as a reference. First, the physical characteristics of each filler and the behavior of the bituminous mastic with different volumetric concentrations of each were analyzed to determine the optimal concentration in each case. Secondly, based on these dosages, the mechanical response of a gap-graded mixture (BBTM) manufactured with each of the fillers was analyzed through water sensitivity and crack resistance tests. The results show that it is could be possible to replace the entire filler with biochar, depending on its nature. Finally, a calculation was made of the reduction in CO2 emissions from the bituminous mixture using biochar as a filler, obtaining a reduction in emissions of up to 76%.

102. 题目: Removal of arsenic from aqueous solution using a surface-functionalized magnetic biochar derived from Chlorella
文章编号: N26030407
期刊: Marine Pollution Bulletin
作者: Muhammad Irfan, Israr Masood ul Hasan, Muhammad Jafir, Chang Li, Jie Hu, Muhammad Moeen ud din, Khalid Hussain, Yixing Zhu, Liugen Zheng
更新时间: 2026-03-04
摘要: Magnetic biochar microspheres were designed as a promising material for arsenic remediation, specifically for the challenging removal of inorganic As(III). In this study, Fe3O4/BC-α-MnOOH@A microspheres, which combine redox and adsorption on a single regenerable stage. Experimentally, Fe3O4 nanoparticles were produced by solvothermal decomposition, using the Algal biomass of Chlorella as BC source, while As(III) served as a representative heavy metal contaminant. A key innovation involved functionalizing the thermal decomposition particles with α-MnOOH and sodium alginate (SA), thereby altering their surface characteristics to strengthen interactions with As(III). Characterization by SEM, XRD, FTIR, Raman, and XPS confirmed the successful integration of α-MnOOH nanoneedles, revealed the formation of inner-sphere complexes, and verified the oxidative conversion of As(III) to As(V) upon adsorption. Fe3O4/BC-α-MnOOH@A exhibited rapid adsorption kinetics, reaching equilibrium within 2 h, and achieved 99.6% As(III) removal at pH 7 using a sorbent dosage of 2 g L-1 (C₀ = 6 mg L-1), significantly outperforming Fe3O4/BC-α-MnOOH@A, Fe3O4/BC, and pristine BC. Performance was robust from pH 3-10, with modest declines at high pH due to OH- competition. Co-existing ions Cl-, SO₄2-, Na+, Ca2+, and Mg2+ had negligible effects, while PO43- reduced uptake, but the Fe3O4BC-α-MnOOH@A remained superior to controls. The actual drinking, tap water, and seawater trials demonstrated an As(III) uptake of 2.94, 2.92, and 2.91 mg g-1, while four adsorption-desorption cycles maintained good performance with minimum leaching of Fe/Mn, confirming the stability of the operation. Overall, these results established a multifunctional and scalable As(III) remediation approach from an aqueous system.

103. 题目: Combined effects of plant establishment and organic matter amendment on coal gangue transformation into soil-like substrates
文章编号: N26030406
期刊: Ecological Engineering
作者: Shuhui Zhang, Yueqin Qiu, Zhihui Shen, Xiaowu Zhang
更新时间: 2026-03-04
摘要: The pedogenic utilization of coal gangue (CG) represents an important strategy for its large-scale and environmentally sustainable disposal. However, mechanistic understanding of how plant establishment and organic matter (OM) amendments jointly regulate CG weathering and soil-like transformation remains limited. In this study, pot experiments combined with geochemical characterization, mineral phase analysis, microstructural observation, and microbial community profiling were conducted to elucidate OM-amendment-enhanced plant-mediated weathering processes in CG. Results showed that root growth induced mechanical fragmentation of coarse CG particles, leading to reduced bulk density, increased porosity, and enhanced aggregate development. Rhizosphere acidification driven by root exudates promoted clay mineral alteration, accompanied by stage-dependent carbonate precipitation and redissolution, indicating dynamic mineral transformation during early pedogenesis. Amendment addition significantly improved plant growth, increased total organic carbon (TOC) and cation exchange capacity (CEC), and strengthened organic–mineral interactions. Notably, a 30% amendment dosage produced the most favorable integrated response, characterized by lower electrical conductivity, higher CEC, enhanced aggregate formation, and intensified weathering. Compared with peanut, ryegrass exhibited stronger promotion of particle disintegration and structural reorganization, reflecting species-dependent rhizosphere effects. Microbial analyses further revealed a transition from a soluble-salt and labile‑carbon–dominated system toward a more soil-like stage supported by exchange-site development and pore structure evolution. Overall, plant establishment initiated coal gangue weathering through root-driven physical and rhizosphere processes, whereas OM amendment enhanced these effects by improving organic–mineral interactions and environmental buffering, jointly accelerating the transformation toward soil-like substrates.

104. 题目: Interaction dynamics of agricultural fungicides at water-nanoplastics interfaces and the effects of dissolved natural organic matter.
文章编号: N26030405
期刊: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
作者: Nasrin Naderi Beni, Jiaxing Wang, Allison Spring, Rebecca S Wilson, Ludmilla Aristilde
更新时间: 2026-03-04
摘要: Polystyrene microplastics and nanoplastics, which are commonly detected in agricultural runoff, often occur in the presence of agricultural pesticides. However, there is limited mechanistic understanding of the fate of these pesticides in relation to the presence of these plastic surfaces. Here, we used molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the adsorption mechanisms of four common triazole fungicides-flusilazole, hexaconazole, myclobutanil, and triadimenol-on polystyrene nanoplastics, with and without dissolved natural organic matter. In the absence of organic matter coating, simulated adsorption of the fungicide compounds on the polystyrene surface was driven primarily by van der Waals interactions, which were correlated with the hydrophobicity of the compounds and the polarity of their associated functional groups. Accordingly, flusilazole and hexaconazole exhibited both the highest hydrophobicity, as characterized by octanol-water coefficients and the most favorable interaction energies on the polystyrene nanoplastics in the molecular simulations. Consistent with these theoretical results, subsequent adsorption experiments revealed two-fold higher adsorbed amount of flusilazole on polystyrene plastics, compared to myclobutanil and triadimenol. When the model polystyrene nanoplastics were coated with representative plant-derived organic matter compounds in the molecular simulations, the interaction energy of the fungicides was decreased by 150% due to the hydrophilic nature of the organic matter-plastic interface that was unfavorable to the binding of the fungicides. However, this theoretical prediction was not corroborated by adsorption experiments with a river-isolated dissolved natural organic matter, likely due to insufficient coating or relatively weak interactions of the organic matter components on the PS surface. We highlight the importance of considering the role of natural organic matter of different chemistries in relation to the environmental fate of fungicides with nanoplastics.

105. 题目: Insights to how tubular pore biochar affects anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge: Performances and mechanisms
文章编号: N26030404
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Ze-Mu Li, Ai-Hua Li, Qing-Bin Meng, Cong-Cong Tang, Qian Li, Ai-Juan Zhou, Wenzong Liu, Zhi-Ling Li, Zhang-Wei He, Rong Chen
更新时间: 2026-03-04
摘要: Biochar can enhance anaerobic digestion (AD) performance, yet the link between its pore structure and AD performance remains unclear. This work evaluates roles of tubular pore biochar (TPBC) derived from lotus stem, corn husk, reed stem, and sweet potato vine in AD. Reed stem biochar (RSBC) outperformed other biochar, with cumulative methane production increasing by 17.6% compared to that in control. RSBC possessed a maximal specific surface area (SSA) of 21.6 m2/g and a pore volume of 0.031 cm3/g. Critically, pore structure exerted a more dominant influence on AD than SSA, with micropore volume and uniformity driving AD performance enhancement. RSBC accelerated organic matters degradation and improved electron transfer efficiency. Tubular structure enriched functional microbes like Romboutsia and Methanosaeta to potentially stimulate direct interspecies electron transfer. This study highlights the critical role of pore structure of biochar in regulating AD, providing a theoretical basis for directional design of high-performance biochar.

106. 题目: Extreme drought drives contrasting fates of labile and recalcitrant mangrove soil organic matter
文章编号: N26030403
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: E S Costa, C A Silva, L E O Gomes, F Sá, R C Cagnin, R R Neto
更新时间: 2026-03-04
摘要: Mangroves are globally important blue carbon ecosystems, yet increasingly threatened by extreme climate events. We investigated sedimentary lipid biomarkers (n-alkanes, n-alcohols, sterols, triterpenoids, triterpenones) across tidal flat, Rhizophora mangle, and Avicennia schaueriana zones in the Piraquê-Açu and Piraquê-Mirim estuarine system (SE Brazil) during the 2015-2016 M-drought. High molecular weight n-alkanes (C29 dominance) and alcohols (C28-C30) indicated persistent vascular plant inputs, supported by elevated Carbon Preference Index values (CPILC = 2.0-4.6; CPIOH = 12.8-16.9). However, the Terrestrial/Aquatic Ratio (TARHC) dropped markedly during drought (wet: 34.2-11.9; dry: 6.6-3.8), reflecting enhanced marine-derived inputs to Tidal Flat sediments. In contrast, Rhizophora and A. schaueriana zones maintained the dominance of terrestrial lipids with high concentrations of sterols triterpenoids and ketones, suggesting higher litterfall under physiological stress. Principal Component Analysis confirmed divergent responses: homogenization of organic matter (OM) sources in lower zones under saline intrusion, and strengthened autochthonous signatures in upper zones. These results demonstrate that extreme drought reshapes mangrove sedimentary OM composition, promoting labile marine inputs in lower zones while intensifying local mangrove contributions in higher zones. Such spatially heterogeneous responses weaken the resilience of blue carbon pools by enhancing OM cycling and constraining long-term carbon storage.

107. 题目: Legacy effect of biochar and straw amendments on the subsequent cotton-rapeseed straw return: Insights from seedcotton yield, nutrient utilization and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi
文章编号: N26030402
期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
作者: Qiang Li, Li’an Wang, Ying Zhang, Luyao Liu, Xin Wang, Wei Hu, Haishui Yang, Yali Meng, Zhiguo Zhou
更新时间: 2026-03-04
摘要: The beneficial impacts of biochar and straw amendments on soil fertility and crop productivity were well-documented. However, the legacy effects of these practices on crop productivity, nutrient utilization, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) symbiosis under subsequent straw return remain insufficiently understood. To address this knowledge gap, a split-plot field experiment was conducted to evaluate the legacy effects on seedcotton yield, nutrient use efficiency, AMF functional traits (root colonization rate, colonization intensity, spore density, and hyphal density), and AMF community structure in a cotton-rapeseed double-cropping system (2023–2024). The main plots were previous four-year fertilization treatments: chemical fertilization only (F), straw amendment with F (SF), and biochar amendment with F (BF). The subplots were subsequent cotton-rapeseed straw removal and straw return. Overall, compared to F, SF and BF treatments not only enhanced soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) availability, enzyme activities, nutrient use efficiencies, and seedcotton yield, but also positively influenced AMF functional traits and diversity. Among these, BF proved to be better than SF. Furthermore, subsequent straw return could further improve nutrient use efficiencies and seedcotton yield under previous fertilization treatments. Notably, compared to straw removal, the incremental benefit of yield and N and P agronomy efficiencies under straw return in BF were less than SF. Conversely, the increment benefit of N and P recovery efficiencies under straw return in BF were greater than SF. Furthermore, AMF functional traits served as a vital link among soil N- and P-related enzymes, nutrient mobilization, and seedcotton formation. Collectively, this study revealed that the legacy effects of historical fertilization management, especially BF, profoundly influenced the synergy benefits of subsequent straw return on AMF symbiosis, nutrient utilization, and cotton productivity.

108. 题目: Integrated soil–crop system management stabilizes soil organic carbon in saline soils via calcium-mediated synergy between microbial and mineral carbon pumps
文章编号: N26030401
期刊: Catena
作者: Lu Liu, Anna Gunina, Amit Kumar, Wenhui Shang, Shuaibing Wu, Haiqing Gong, Jing Tian, Zhenling Cui
更新时间: 2026-03-04
摘要: The sustainable intensification of saline agriculture is crucial for global food security. However, it is severely constrained by soil salinization and organic matter depletion. While single soil or crop practices can raise soil organic carbon (SOC), how integrated soil-crop system management (ISCM) shapes SOC sequestration pathways under saline conditions remains unclear. Our results, from a six-year field experiment in coastal saline soils, demonstrated that ISCM increased SOC by 69%. Crucially, the stable pools—mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) and occluded particulate organic carbon (oPOC)—jointly accounted for 68% of this increase, far exceeding the contribution (19%) from the free particulate organic carbon (fPOC). Under ISCM, exchangeable calcium ions (Ca2+) alleviated soil salinization by replacing sodium ions (Na+), reducing the sodium adsorption ratio by 48%. This replacement enhanced the interaction between the microbial and mineral C pumps, evidenced by a 55% increase in microbial necromass C within MAOC, which ultimately led to a 26% increase in MAOC—a process primarily driven by improved soil management. Through the synergy between Ca2+ enhancement from improved soil management and increased plant input from improved crop management, ISCM enhanced oPOC by 110%. Microbial necromass C and lignin phenols within oPOC increased by 22% and 51%, respectively. The enhancement of fPOC was primarily driven by improved crop management, where increased plant biomass and reduced peroxidase activity were associated with a 42% rise in lignin phenols. We demonstrate that Ca2+ under ISCM is key to coupling the microbial and mineral C pumps for the formation of stable MAOC. On this basis, ISCM further expanded the physical stability pool (oPOC) and the labile pool (fPOC), achieving the highest SOC level together with synergistic gains in crop productivity. These findings provide a theoretical foundation and a practical pathway for the sustainable development of saline agriculture.

109. 题目: Litter cellulose modulates dissolved organic carbon to drive co-denitrification contribution and nitrous oxide emissions in tea plantation soils
文章编号: N26030313
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Zhe Xu, Ziheng Zou, Emily Cooledge, Sujin Feng, Pinshang Xu, Jinbo Zhang, Yubing Dong, Jinyang Wang, Shuwei Liu, Zhaoqiang Han, Christoph Müller, Davey L Jones, Jianwen Zou
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Plant litter constitutes a primary source of soil organic carbon (C) and nutrients in terrestrial ecosystems. Litter chemical composition critically regulates the formation and bioavailability of soil organic C fractions to microorganisms, thereby governing nitrogen (N) transformation processes and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. Nevertheless, the C-N coupling process driven by litter chemistry and its impacts on N2O emissions have received relatively little attention. Here, we collected litter samples from five >30-year-old tea tree varieties and examined the effects of their litter chemistry on soil organic C fractions, N transformations, and N2O emission pathways using 15N isotope tracing. Results revealed significant inter-varietal differences in the lignin and cellulose content of their leaf litter. Litter cellulose content positively regulated soil labile C contents, particularly dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Elevated DOC concentrations enhanced nirK + nirS gene abundance and gross NO3- consumption rates, amplifying co-denitrification contributions to enhanced N2O emissions. Soil C-acquiring enzymes involved in cellulose degradation (β-glucosidase and cellobiohydrolase) further stimulated co-denitrification-derived N2O emissions. Overall, soil DOC emerged as the central driver linking soil C dynamics and N2O emission pathways. These mechanistic insights significantly advance the predictive modeling of terrestrial N2O fluxes based on litter chemistry parameters. Furthermore, they enable optimization of N2O mitigation through precision management of pruning residues in tea plantations.

110. 题目: Recent advancements in biochar applications for effective removal of various toxicants from wastewater: a Review.
文章编号: N26030312
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Ritika Maurya, Sangeeta Madan, Athar Hussain
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Biochar, a carbon-rich material, is usually prepared by thermochemical processes from a diversified biomass or organic waste. It is a plentiful and environmentally sustainable product commonly used as an adsorbent to eradicate various organic contaminants, including heavy metals and nutrients, from wastewater. When compared with conventional biochar, the engineered or modified biochar usually possesses improved properties, including developed surface area with high adsorption capacity or more surface functional groups (SFG) chemically. This makes it a potential material for a variety of wastewater treatment applications. The present paper summarizes research work of various investigators and researchers pertaining to biochar and modifications of its properties in terms of its synthesis, usage, and regeneration as compared with conventional biochar. It is also inferred that precursor material composition, preparation parameters, and modification methods have a major impact on biochar properties. The chemical alkali treatment produces the most surface-functionalized biochar. Also, the chemical changes that outperform steam activation enhance the biochar surface functioning. It is reported that biochar composites, when treated with alkali or that have been impregnated with nanomaterials, enhance the adsorption of different types of wastewater and thereby prove to be very beneficial and cost-effective. Similarly, biochar surfaces with acidic treatment have a higher concentration of oxygenated functional groups. The present review work further depicts the modified biochar process as the most economical and ecologically friendly method for removing toxic pollutants from different types of wastewater. It is further concluded that for heavy metals and anionic pollutants, the sorption equilibrium is best designated by the Langmuir isotherm model. Also, for emerging contaminants, the Freundlich isotherm model is more appropriate, while the pseudo-second-order model best captures the sorption kinetics for all pollutants.

111. 题目: Singlet Oxygen Quantum Yields: Comparing Chemical Probe and Time-Resolved Phosphorescence
文章编号: N26030311
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Monika Madhiyan, Kyle J Moor
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Singlet oxygen (1O2) is an important reactive intermediate in aquatic photochemical reactions, altering the fate and transformation of pollutants. Past work has primarily quantified 1O2 generation in aquatic systems using the chemical probe furfuryl alcohol (FFA). An alternative method to quantify 1O2 is to directly observe 1O2 through its phosphorescence emission. While this method is receiving growing interest, there has yet to be a direct comparison of measured 1O2 generation efficiencies (i.e., quantum yields) between the FFA and 1O2 phosphorescence methods. In this study, we compared the 1O2 quantum yields (ΦΔ) between these two methods for a broad set of samples, including small molecule sensitizers, dissolved organic matter (DOM) isolates, and pyrogenic DOM (PyDOM). FFA and 1O2 phosphorescence methods yielded significantly different ΦΔ values for many small molecule sensitizers and DOM/PyDOM samples. For DOM/PyDOM, the 1O2 phosphorescence method yielded 1.4 – 3.8 times higher ΦΔ. We additionally explored potential FFA-mediated triplet excited state quenching processes using laser spectroscopy. While we observed that FFA effectively quenched and/or chemically reacted with triplets of small molecule sensitizers, we observed minimal quenching of the triplet excited state DOM/PyDOM by FFA. This suggests that for DOM/PyDOM, FFA-triplet reactions are not major side reactions in FFA-based 1O2 measurements at 365 nm. Results from this study illuminate the potential issues of FFA interacting with sensitizer triplet excited states and advance the understanding of 1O2 phosphorescence-based ΦΔ measurements.

112. 题目: Synergistic effect of endogenous mineral components and N configurations on the enhanced removal of bisphenol a by Enteromorpha prolifera-derived biochar: batch adsorption, DFT calculation, and mechanistic insight
文章编号: N26030310
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Wenjing Wu, Rongbin Li, Zeyu Han, Runze Tian, Diejing Feng, Shijie Li, Bo Bai
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a common endocrine disrupter with significant adverse effects on human health and environmental security as an emerging contaminant. The conversion of mineral-rich Enteromorpha prolifera waste into Enteromorpha prolifera-derived biochar could reduce the environmental burden from waste biomass, and also improve the removal efficiency of BPA. In the present study, Enteromorpha prolifera-derived biochar (KBC) was successfully prepared through hydrothermal and pyrolysis treatment with the addition of citric acid and potassium carbonate. Batch BPA adsorption experiments demonstrated that the KBC0.5 adsorbent with a high specific surface area of 1021.53 m²/g exhibited outstanding adsorption performances, achieving a maximum adsorption capacity of 338.22 mg/g from a 100 mg/L BPA solution within 30 min, which was superior to those of BC0.5. The synergistic effect of endogenous mineral components and N configurations enhanced the removal efficiency of BPA. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation validated that KAlSiO₄, Ca₃Al₂O₆, pyridine N, pyrrole N, and graphite N were responsible for BPA adsorption. The specific adsorption mechanism included pore filling, cation-π interactions, Lewis acid-base coordination, hydrogen bonds, π-π electron donor-acceptor (EDA) interactions, electrostatic interactions, and van der Waals forces. This research provides critical experimental data and theoretical insights, not only paving the way for the high-value utilization of waste biomass, but also facilitating the efficient development of environmentally friendly biomass-derived biochar for pollutant removal.

Environmental Implication

113. 题目: Cohydrothermal carbonization of cellulose and organic matter from municipal sewage sludge for the controllable synthesis of N-doped porous carbon for supercapacitor electrodes
文章编号: N26030309
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Linxin Yin, Chang Liu, Yulu Yang, Zihan Du, Guanzhong Mu, Zeming Zhao, Changqing Cao, Pei-Gao Duan, Krzysztof Kapusta
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: The municipal sewage sludge (MSS) was hydrolyzed at 230 °C for 60 min to obtain an organic-rich aqueous phase (AQ). The effects of the volume ratio of AQ on the structural characteristics and electrochemical performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon materials (A-BCs), prepared by co-HTC with cellulose were investigated. Elemental analysis and XPS results indicated that both the yield and the nitrogen content of the A-BCs increased proportionally with the amount of AQ added. The optimal AQ fraction (20 v%) effectively synergized with KOH activation, significantly increasing the specific surface area of the resulting A-BC-0.2 to 2279.20 m2/g. The A-BC-0.2 electrode exhibited a specific capacitance of 298.65 F/g at a current density of 1.0 A/g in a three-electrode system with a 6 M KOH electrolyte, which was 30.4% greater than that of the sample without AQ (A-BC-0). Moreover, excessive AQ addition (>20 v%) inhibited pore development and induced the formation of an aliphatic carbon structure, thereby decreasing the SSA of A-BC-1.0 to 952.15 m2/g. This study provides a theoretical basis for the preparation of high-performance supercapacitor electrode materials on the basis of the resource utilization of sewage sludge.

114. 题目: Scale effect and landscape thresholds affecting water quality and dissolved organic matter
文章编号: N26030308
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Xin Chen, Guoce Xu, Shun Wan, Mingzhu Xu, Fengyou Gu, Kang Fang
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Evaluating the effect of landscape patterns on river water quality and dissolved organic matter (DOM) is vital for informing water management. The aims of this study were to quantify the crucial spatial scales and landscape pattern metrics that affect seasonal variations in water quality and DOM in the Dan River Basin, and to establish the threshold relationships between landscape pattern metrics and water quality fluctuations. The 100 m riparian buffer zone was the key scale affecting water quality and DOM changes. The total explanatory degree of the landscape pattern metrics for water quality and DOM changes was the highest during the normal season (70.93%). Key indicators affecting water quality and DOM changes were land use intensity (L), contagion index (CONTAG), shape index (SHAPE), Shannon's diversity index (SHDI), and forest. The DOM components were most strongly influenced by fluorescence spectral indices and least affected by landscape pattern metrics. The contribution rate of non-point source inputs was 55.4%, which was the main anthropogenic source of protein-like DOM. Landscape threshold results showed that maintaining land use intensity and CONTAG below 365 and 61, respectively, and increasing SHAPE, SHDI, and forest coverage proportion to 1.59, 1.225, and 52.5%, respectively, in the 100 m riparian buffer zone helped protect the water environment. This study underscores the importance of integrating scale-specific landscape planning with the targeted control of pollution sources for effectively protecting aquatic environments.

115. 题目: Synergistic mechanism of pore channel-surface interaction enhancing adsorption performance of perfluorooctanoic acid on crab shell-derived biochar
文章编号: N26030307
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Yanling Qu, Yujiao Kan, Xiaoqiang Cao, Yizhen Zhang, Longlong Zhang
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: The treatment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water is a major challenge in the environmental field. In this study, four different biochar materials were prepared from discarded crab shells through pyrolysis and a series of chemical modifications, and their adsorption performance and mechanism for a typical long-chain PFAS, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), were systematically investigated. Firstly, unmodified crab shell biochar (W-BC) with rich mesoporous structure was prepared by controlling the pyrolysis temperature at 500°C, which was used as a benchmark to evaluate the intrinsic adsorption capacity of the physical structure. On this basis, polypyrrole modified biochar (B-BC) was synthesized by in-situ polymerization, modified biochar (J-BC) was prepared by copolymerization of sulfobetaine polymer (SBMA) and acrylamide (AM), and iron-copper bimetallic modified biochar (T-BC) was fabricated by one-step pyrolysis. The materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and systematic adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and mechanism studies were conducted. The results showed that W-BC already had good adsorption capacity for PFOA due to its developed mesoporous structure. After modification, the adsorption capacities of B-BC, J-BC, and T-BC increased by approximately 30%, 43.3%, and 17.4% compared to W-BC, respectively. This study clearly revealed the synergistic and restrictive relationship between the physical pore structure as the mass transfer basis and the surface chemical properties as the adsorption driving force, providing a profound theoretical basis for the rational design of high-performance PFAS adsorption materials.

116. 题目: Enhanced production and structure regulation of artificial humic acids from kitchen waste via a two-step hydrothermal process
文章编号: N26030306
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Hu Xu, Li Li, Zhiwei Zhao, Yexuan He, Baochuan Qi, Yangyang Li, Xin Sheng
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: The hydrothermal conversion of kitchen waste (KW) into artificial humic acids (AHAs) is a promising pathway for its resource recovery. In this study, KW was first pretreated by Fenton oxidation and then used for the synthesis of AHAs via different two-step hydrothermal pathways. The aim of this study is to improve the yield of AHAs and explore the humification potential of different hydrothermal synthesis pathways. The results show that the most effective pathway for achieving the highest conversion rate of AHAs from KW is as follows. After the first hydrothermal process is completed, the AHAs is extracted from the hydrothermal products. Subsequently, the hydrothermal solution and the hydrochar underwent to a secondary hydrothermal reaction, respectively. Through this approach, a final AHAs yield of 41.38 ± 1.00 wt% and a carbon selectivity of 46.30% was achieved, while the remaining solid content was only 3.30 ± 0.32 wt%. The characterization results indicated that the carbon and oxygen contents of the AHAs obtained in this study were 48.26–58.07% and 29.53–40.27% respectively. This demonstrates the diversity in molecular characteristics of AHAs synthesized via different pathways. The AHAs (HA-L) derived from the hydrothermal solution showd the highest aromaticity (39.15%). In contrast, the AHAs (HA-HC) synthesized using the solid residue from the first hydrothermal reaction exhibited the highest carboxyl group content (11.07%). This study provides a novel strategy for the high-efficiency resource recovery of KW, and contributes to the structural regulation and industrial production of KW-derived AHAs.

117. 题目: Intercropping enhances soil organic carbon accumulation by modulating microbial interactions in saline-alkali soils
文章编号: N26030305
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Lijun Zhang, Guixiang Zhou, Jiabao Zhang, Lin Chen, Congzhi Zhang, Donghao Ma, Hui Zhang, Jian Feng, Mingfeng Liu
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Globally escalating soil salinity and sodicity threaten food security and the health of farmland. Intercropping has been proven to rehabilitate saline-alkali soils effectively while enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC). Despite the established centrality of microbes to SOC cycling, it remains unknown how intercropping enhances carbon accumulation through microbial mediation. We designed a 3.5-month saline-alkali gradient pot experiment with maize monoculture and maize-alfalfa intercropping to investigate how intercropping enhances SOC accumulation in saline-alkali soils. The results demonstrated that, compared with maize monoculture, maize-alfalfa intercropping reduced electrical conductivity by 17.7% and 16.4% under low and moderate saline-alkaline conditions, respectively. Intercropping also decreased exchangeable sodium percentage by 7.1% in moderate saline-alkali soils. Intercropping enhanced microbial activity and biomass, thereby promoting the sequestration of microbial-derived carbon into the stable carbon pool. This led to an increase in mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) by 9.2% and 12.2% in low and moderate soils respectively, along with a 1.2–3.2% rise in SOC. Furthermore, microbial interactions, characterized by diminished negative/positive associations and enhanced proportion of cross-domain connections in the intercropping network, mediate the SOC accumulation. SEM further confirmed that by restructuring belowground microbial interactions, intercropping regulated microbial community and metabolism, thereby facilitating the accumulation of MAOC and microbial necromass carbon within stable SOC pools. These findings demonstrate the efficacy of optimized cropping systems in coping with saline-alkali stress and highlight the pivotal role of soil microorganisms in driving carbon accumulation in saline-alkali soils.

118. 题目: Spatial distribution and environmental controls of n-alkanes in gulf of oman sediments: Implications for organic matter sources and cycling in subtropical active marginal seas
文章编号: N26030304
期刊: Marine Pollution Bulletin
作者: Hamid A K Lahijani, Mohammad Ali Hamzeh, Emad Yahyaei, Davoud Jahedi Vaighan, Ali Mehdinia, Abdolmajid Naderi Beni
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: The Gulf of Oman (GO) is a tectonically active marginal sea characterized by the influence of the oxygen-rich, highly saline Persian Gulf Deep Water (PGDW) outflow and an active turbidite system fed by episodic arid land inputs. This study utilizes n-alkane biomarkers (C₁₀-C₃₉) in fourteen surface sediments (20-360 m) to resolve sedimentary organic matter (OM) sources and transport processes under these complex environmental controls. Total n-alkane concentrations varied widely (714 to 6238 ng g-1), reflecting mixed terrestrial and marine sources, supported by Carbon Preference Index (1.5-6) and Terrigenous/Aquatic Ratio (up to 9) trends. While marine-derived short-chain n-alkanes (C₁₀-C₁₉) typically decrease offshore, this study reveals an anomalous increasing offshore pattern in short-chain n-alkanes in the Strait of Hormuz. This pattern demonstrates the role of PGDW transport in delivering aquatic OM from the Persian Gulf seabed, coupled with a reverse sediment grain size distribution (coarsening offshore). Conversely, long-chain homologs (C₂₇-C₃₃), indicative of terrigenous inputs, and highly oxidized aquatic OM were prevalent in deeper GO basins, demonstrating enrichment directly linked to turbidite activity and plunge pools, which transport erosion-resistant continental OM from the shelf to the deep slope. Furthermore, this is due to preferential microbial degradation of labile short-chain OM during water column transit, suggesting that bottom-water oxygen levels have a considerable direct effect on the degradation of total bulk OM. These results underscore the dominance of hydrodynamic and geomorphological controls over redox conditions in shaping OM distribution in this complex marginal sea.

119. 题目: Vegetation-driven soil organic carbon regulates mercury accumulation in karst soil profiles
文章编号: N26030303
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Liping Yang, Jiudong Xu, Yu Song, Emmanuel Ackom, Yunfeng He, Duzuo Me Namu, Aoyu Wang, Hui Zhang, Jicheng Xia
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Vegetation regulates soil mercury (Hg) sequestration primarily through the formation and transformation of soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, yet the mechanisms underlying this control remain poorly quantified, especially in ecologically fragile karst regions. We examined Hg distribution and speciation across cropland, grassland, and forestland soil profiles in a typical karst catchment, combining measurements of total Hg (THg), dissolved Hg (DHg), mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), iron-associated organic carbon (Fe-OC), and stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes with partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and multivariate nonlinear regression analysis (MNRA). This study shows that forestland soils accumulate the most Hg, with topsoil concentrations exceeding 110 μg kg-1 and the profile enrichment intensity of Hg (PEI Hg) surpassing 154.5%, due to the accumulation of MAOC (M-Hg/THg: 84.2 ± 6.1%). The role of Fe-OC in Hg retention is strengthened markedly during vegetation succession from cropland to forestland, underscoring mineral adsorption as a key sequestration pathway in karst systems. Vegetation covers, soil depth, pH, and free iron oxides (Fed) collectively modulate Hg accumulation by regulating SOC composition: stable SOC promotes the sustained sequestration of Hg, whereas labile SOC may release the immobilized Hg and induce its migration. Global literature data show that the coefficient of determination (R2) between soil Hg and SOC in non-polluted areas (0.49 ± 0.32) is much higher than that in highly polluted areas (0.14 ± 0.19), which indicates that the Hg-C coupling mechanism in polluted areas may be influenced by additional factors such as geological background and exogenous inputs. This study confirms that in ecologically fragile karst regions with SOC deficiency, the vegetation restoration process can effectively sequester Hg in soils and inhibit its migration to the atmosphere or water bodies by promoting the formation of SOC, especially MAOC. This finding provides crucial scientific evidence for formulating vegetation restoration-oriented land use regulation and ecological restoration strategies in karst areas.

120. 题目: Ca-wood vinegar modified biochar from invasive plant Spartina alterniflora: the amelioration effect on coastal “saline-alkali soil-Pennisetum giganteum”
文章编号: N26030302
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Mingping Sheng, Ting Tian, Zhihan Cheng, Shaoxin Zi, Peiwen Li, Wenyuan Zhu, Youwen Li, Hongyan Guo
更新时间: 2026-03-03
摘要: Soil salinization and Spartina alterniflora invasion pose pressing environmental challenges in China. While biochar derived from Spartina alterniflora represents a potential solution, its optimal pyrolysis conditions and modification effects remain poorly understood. In this study, biochar produced at 250 °C∼650 °C was obtained. 250 °C was determined the optimal pyrolysis temperature based on the maximum soil quality index (2.08). Calcium-wood vinegar modified biochar (CBC) was subsequently developed and applied to a saline-alkali soil-Pennisetum giganteum (SAS-PG) system. CBC application reduced key salinization parameters (soil pH by 0.93 and exchangeable sodium percentage by 46.05%), while increasing the fertility accumulation index of SAS by 1.88, the net photosynthetic rate, biomass, and relative feed value of PG by 60.77%, 55.42%, and 18.37%, respectively. Potential improvement mechanisms involved H+ release from acidic functional groups neutralizes alkaline ions (OH-, Na2CO3, NaHCO3), exchange between Ca2+ and soil colloidal Na+, and nutrient supplementation. The significant increases in AN and SOC, along with their strong positive correlations with Ammoniphilus, Altererythrobacter, and invertase activity, confirm their critical role in CBC-enhanced soil fertility. In summary, this work provides practical support for the resource utilization of Spartina alterniflora as calcium-modified acidic biochar in ameliorating the saline-alkali soil-Pennisetum giganteum ecosystem in coastal eastern China.