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1. 题目: Seasonal changes of dissolved CO2 and its linkage with optical characteristics of DOM in groundwater in agricultural areas
文章编号: N24091010
期刊: Journal of Hydrology
作者: Pan Huo, Pengcheng Gao
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: Groundwater contains significant quantities of dissolved CO, which are crucial contributors to the global carbon cycle. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) functions as a principal carbon and energy source for microbial communities within groundwater ecosystems, yet the relationship between dissolved CO and optical characteristics of DOM remains ambiguous. Here, we delineate the variations in seasonal and vertical distribution of dissolved CO concentrations and DOM optical characteristics, and assess their interconnections in the groundwater of an agricultural region. The results showed that the average concentration of dissolved CO in groundwater was 11,300 ± 5,788 ppm, with the highest levels observed in summer and the lowest in winter. Additionally, shallow wells exhibited higher concentrations of dissolved CO compared to deep wells. The mass balance calculation suggested that 40,092 t of CO are released annually due to the degassing of supersaturated CO from groundwater extraction. Three-dimensional fluorescence with parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) identified five components of DOM in groundwater: Components C1, C2, C3 and C4 are humic-like substances, and C5 is a tryptophan-like substance associated with protein structures. The analysis of compositional features and fluorescence indices revealed that DOM is predominantly derived from microbial sources, with mixed contributions from terrestrial sources in groundwater. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that first two axes accounted for 74.7 % of the variance in the seasonal variation of DOM optical characteristics and dissolved CO concentration, which reveals that DOM decomposition contributes to CO saturation in groundwater. However, a larger proportion of CO may be derived from leaching in the vadose zone during the rainy season or irrigation periods in shallow aquifer. This study enhanced the understanding of carbon dynamics within agricultural groundwater.

2. 题目: Temperature controls the relation between soil organic carbon and microbial carbon use efficiency
文章编号: N24091009
期刊: Global Change Biology
作者: Zhaoyang Luo, Jianning Ren, Stefano Manzoni, Simone Fatichi
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) is an important variable mediating microbial effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) since it summarizes how much carbon is used for microbial growth or is respired. Yet, the role of CUE in regulating SOC storage remains debated, with evidence for both positive and negative SOC-CUE relations. Here, we use a combination of measured data around the world and numerical simulations to explore SOC-CUE relations accounting for temperature (T) effects on CUE. Results reveal that the sign of the CUE-T relation controls the direction of the SOC-CUE relations. A negative CUE-T relation leads to a positive SOC-CUE relation and vice versa, highlighting that CUE-T patterns significantly affect how organic carbon is used by microbes and hence SOC-CUE relations. Numerical results also confirm the observed negative SOC-T relation, regardless of the CUE-T patterns, implying that temperature plays a more dominant role than CUE in controlling SOC storage. The SOC-CUE relation is usually negative when temperature effects are isolated, even though it can become positive when nonlinear microbial turnover is considered. These results indicate a dominant role of CUE-T patterns in controlling the SOC-CUE relation. Our findings help to better understand SOC and microbial responses to a warming climate.

3. 题目: Synthesis of biochar modified steel slag composites for passivation of multiple heavy metals in soil
文章编号: N24091008
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: An Wang, Yifan Liu, Ying Zhang, Jie Ren, Yang Zeng, Zhanbin Huang
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: In this study, steel slag (SS) was used as the research object, and a highly efficient and environmentally friendly heavy metal passivation material (SS-BC) was synthesized using biochar (BC) as a modifier. Meanwhile, taking heavy metals lead and cadmium as examples, the study investigated the passivation ability of steel slag modified materials on lead and cadmium in soil, the improvement of soil fertility, and the impact on plant growth indicators. The results showed that in soil contaminated with heavy metals Pb and Cd, the optimal addition amount of SS-BC was 3 g/kg within 60 days, with the highest passivation efficiency of 51.76 % and 63.74 % for Pb and Cd, respectively. After treatment with SS-BC, the acid extractable fraction of heavy metals in soil significantly decreased, while the residual fraction significantly increased. The ecological risk index RI of soil contaminated with single heavy metal Cd decreased from 606.13 to 69.74. After treating various types of heavy metal contaminated soil with SS-BC, the plant height, fresh weight, dry weight, chlorophyll content, and nitrogen content of the plants significantly increased, with the plant height increasing by 58.33 %, 98.21 %, and 130.14 % compared to the CK group, and the fresh weight increasing by 157.97 %, 140.98 %, and 424.24 % compared to the CK group. Through laboratory simulation planting of rapeseed, it was found that the addition of SS-BC significantly reduced the content of heavy metals in rapeseed, while also significantly inhibiting the accumulation of heavy metals in the roots and their transfer to the leaves. After treating heavy metal contaminated soil with SS-BC, the fixation and transformation of heavy metals, improvement of soil properties, and release of nutrients were used to enhance biological activity and crop yield.

4. 题目: Impact of natural biochar on soil water retention capacity and quinoa plant growth in different soil textures
文章编号: N24091007
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Elahe Daraei, Hossein Bayat, Andrew S Gregory
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: Although data regarding the effect of different types of synthetic biochar on plant performance and physical and chemical characteristics of soil is widely available, the effect of natural biochar in this respect is not well known, so far. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of 650-million-years old natural biochar at three application levels of 0 %, 2.5 % and 5 % by weight on yield parameters of quinoa plant and the soil water retention characteristic curve in sandy loam, loam, and clay textural classes. The results showed that the application of 5 % natural biochar to the loam soil increased the thousand seed weight by 8 %, but adding 2.5 % of biochar to the sandy loam soil increased biological yield by 2 %, and in loam soil increased root volume by 409 %, compared to the control. The results of the physical parameters of the soil showed that the application of biochar in three soil textures caused an increase in moisture content at the field capacity (1.8 %-11.22 %), a decrease in macropores in the range of 10–46 %, and an increase in micropores in the range of 0.2–10 % in three soil textures. Therefore, it can be concluded that the potential of natural biochar storage affected the physical properties of the soil and increased soil water retention while improving important soil functions.

5. 题目: Simultaneous removal of organic matters and phosphorus by a novel dielectric barrier discharge coupled with CaO2 system: Feasible and mechanism
文章编号: N24091006
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Haoran Guo, Yongchun Wang, Yexiang Yang, Fu Xu, Caiqian Yang, He Guo, Jianhua Hou, Jiangang Han
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: The purpose of this work is to examine the simultaneous removal of oxytetracycline (OTC) and phosphorus (P) from water using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma and calcium peroxide (CaO). The findings indicated that, in comparison to DBD alone, the removal rates of P and OTC rose by 95.5% and 35.1%, respectively, following the addition of CaO. Rise of voltage and frequency can promote OTC degradation but has almost no effect on P removal. Increasing the initial concentration of OTC and P is not conducive to their removal. OTC degradation and P removal benefit from alkaline environments. ·OH, O and ·O play a key role in OTC removal. The DBD/CaO₂ system’s TOC and COD removal efficiencies are superior to those in the DBD system alone. Through DFT calculation and LC-MS analysis, the OTC degradation pathways dominated by free radicals in the DBD/CaO₂ system were elucidated. The OTC degradation process in the DBD/CaO system mainly involves decarbonylation, demethylation, hydroxylation and dehydration, and finally, the macromolecular organic matter is mineralized into CO and HO. Water toxicity might be considerably decreased by using an DBD/CaO combination. Through the use of a discharge plasma device, this study was able to remove P and OTC simultaneously.

6. 题目: Distinction of facilitating effects between dissolved organic matter derived from corn straw and fulvic acid on transport of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in saturated sand: Dependent on the solution chemistry
文章编号: N24091005
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Ruichang Zhang, Conghui Shi, Shufa Zhu, Li Jingsai, Zhou Xinquan, Ning Zhang, Xuefeng Wei
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: The application of organic materials into agricultural soil introduces dissolved organic matter (DOM) into environment. The DOM derived from organic materials would significantly affect the environmental behaviors of nanoparticles. In this study, DOM extracted from corn straw (CSDOM) was characterized and its effects on the transport of titanium dioxides nanoparticles (TiO NPs) in porous media were evaluated and compared with those of fulvic acid (FA). The characterization of DOMs indicated marked differences in molecular properties between CSDOM and FA. Weight-average molecular weight (M) of CSDOM was 3139 g/mol, higher than 1185 g/mol of FA, whereas CSDOM had a lower aromaticity than FA. Three distinct scenarios of nanoparticle mobility affected by CSDOM and FA were found. Under unfavorable conditions for nanoparticles mobility (pH 4.0 with/without electrolytes, pH 7.0 with electrolytes, and pH 10.0 with CaCl), both DOMs facilitated TiO NPs mobility, and FA with higher aromaticity exerted stronger enhancing effects than CSDOM. However, the promoting effects of DOM on TiO NPs mobility were negligible under favorable conditions (pH 10.0 without electrolytes). Under the remaining conditions (pH 7.0 without electrolytes, and pH 10.0 with NaCl), DOM could facilitate the mobility of TiO NPs, while there was no difference in the facilitating effects between CSDOM and FA. It could be concluded that distinction of enhancing effects between CSDOM and FA on TiO NPs mobility was environmental chemistry-dependent. Furthermore, aromaticity rather than M would be a reasonable property determining the enhancing effects of DOM derived from distinct sources on nanoparticle mobility under unfavorable conditions.

7. 题目: Petroleum hydrocarbons and colored dissolved organic matter shape marine oil-degrading microbiota in different patterns
文章编号: N24091004
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Jia Wang, Chenyuan Dang, Ziwei Chen, Wulüe Zhang, Jing Chen, Yuanbiao Zhang, Jie Fu
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: Both petroleum hydrocarbons (PHCs) from oil pollution and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) have great influences on the marine microbial community as carbon source factors. However, their combined effects and the specific influence patterns have been kept unclear. This study selected the northeastern South China Sea (NSCS), a typical oil contaminated area, and investigated the characteristics of oil-degrading microbiota in the seawaters by high-throughput sequencing and the relationships with PHCs and CDOM as well as other environmental factors. The results showed the oil pollution had induced the enrichment of oil-degrading bacteria and oil-degrading functional genes, resulting in the core function of oil-degrading microbiota for shaping the microbial community. The Mantel test indicated carbon source factors played the dominant role in shaping the oil-degrading microbiota, compared with geographical distance and other non‑carbon source factors. The influence patterns and strength of PHCs and CDOM on oil-degrading microbiota were further comprehensively analyzed. PHCs played a driving role in the differentiation of oil-degrading microbiota, while CDOM played a stabilizing role for the community similarity. The constructed structural equation model confirmed their distinct influence patterns and also explored the mediating effects of bulk organic carbon. This work not only revealed the important impact of oil pollution on marine microbial communities, but also made people realize the self-regulation ability of the marine environment through the endogenous organic matter.

8. 题目: In-situ manganese-aluminum-iron biochar derived from waste flocs for enhanced peroxymonosulfate oxidation: Role of Fe/Mn drives active species based on aluminum adsorption and synergistic promoted electron transfer
文章编号: N24091003
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Yanli Kong, Feng He, Pengjun Zhang, Yong Nie, Jiangya Ma
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: Conventional coagulation or enhanced coagulation water treatment produced mass floc sludge, which contained plenty of metals and organic matter. Floc sludge disposal and resource recycling was vital relevance and urgently needed. Here, we reported on the waste flocs recycling through in-situ manganese-aluminum-iron biochar (MAFBC) synthesized via one-step pyrolysis using potassium permanganate (KMnO) oxidation- aluminum-iron composite flocculant coagulation for humic acid removal floc sludge as raw material. Compared with ex-situ loaded or similar types of biochar, MAFBC showed faster and efficient activation effect of peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade tetracycline (TC). TC was rapidly removed within 1 min in MAFBC/PMS system with degradation rate constant K was 1.825 min, which mainly attributed to the multiple promoting effects of manganese-aluminum-iron. Aluminum oxides facilitated TC adsorption and synergistic Fe/Mn further significantly promoted electron transfer on the surface of the MAFBC. Additionally, bimetallic structure of Fe/Mn and the CO functional group on MAFBC accelerated the formation of reactive species. The redox cycles of Fe/Fe and Mn/Mn/Mn promoted the formation of free radicals OH and SO. Moreover, O and O also assumed an important role for TC removal during active species evolution drived by Fe/Mn. This research provides a new perspective for in-situ design of economical and stable metal carbon-based water treatment activator, and make contributions to the utilization of waste flocs in water treatment.

9. 题目: Wood Biochar induced metal tolerance in Maize (Zea mays L.) plants under heavy metal stress.
文章编号: N24091002
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Atiqa Zahra, Sadaf Kayani, Asim Shahzad, Tijen Demiral Sert, Hasan Özçelik, Mingzhou Qin, Muhammad Naeem, Motsim Billah
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: Due to metal toxicity, widespread industrialization has negatively impacted crop yield and soil quality. The current study was aimed to prepare and characterize biochar made from wood shavings of Pinus roxburghii and to determine the plant growth promoting and heavy metal detoxification of cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr) contaminated soil. FTIR SEM coupled with EDX characterization of biochar was performed; Cd and Cr were used at a rate of 20 mg/kg. Biochar was used at the rate of 50mg/kg for various treatments. The completely randomized design (CRD) was used for the experiment and three replicates of each treatment were made. Various agronomic and enzymatic parameters were determined. The results indicated that all growth and enzymatic parameters were enhanced by the prepared biochar treatments. The most prominent results were observed in treatment T5 (in which shoot length, root length, peroxidase dismutase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes (CAT), and chlorophyll a and b increased by 28%, 23%, 40%, 41%, 42%, and 27%, respectively, compared to the control). This study demonstrated that biochar is a sustainable and cost-effective approach for the remediation of heavy metals, and plays a role in plant growth promotion. Farmers may benefit from the current findings, as prepared biochar is easier to deliver and more affordable than chemical fertilizers. Future research could clarify how to use biochar optimally, applying the minimum amount necessary while maximizing its benefits and increasing yield.

10. 题目: Sand-milled nanosized N-doped biochar for the efficient remediation of Pb- and Cd-contaminated soil: Preparation, performance and mechanism
文章编号: N24091001
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Sehar Anum, Sheng Liu, Peng Zhang, Amir Bostani, Xinghua Wang, Hongwen Sun
更新时间: 2024-09-10
摘要: Continued research into improving the effectiveness of biochar for remediating heavy metal-contaminated soil is crucial for developing practical applications that can benefit agricultural practices and environmental sustainability. Herein, a novel sand-milled nanosized N-doped biochar at 900 °C (MNBC-900) was successfully synthesized and applied to remediate Pb- and Cd-contaminated soil. Wet sand milling was effective at obtaining nanosized particles and evenly distributed biochar, which resulted in a larger specific surface area (SSA) of the biochar reaching to 488.2 m/g. And N doping improved the N content of the biochar by 4.3 times and resulted in enhanced surface N- and O-containing functional groups, leading to the efficient adsorption of Cd and Pb. As a result, MNBC-900 presented a remarkable efficacy in the adsorption of Cd and Pb, with maximum adsorption capacities of 65.2 mg/g for Cd and 178.7 mg/g for Pb. The pot experiment results further suggested that MNBC-900 had greater effects than pristine biochar and N-doped biochar on enhancing soil properties (e.g., pH and organic matter), soil nutrient levels of N and P and soil microbial diversity; promoting catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activities. The MNBC-900 presented an effective fixation effect for Cd and Pb in soil, significantly reducing their plant accumulation by 42 % for Cd and 37 % for Pb and Pb and Cd stress in maize plants. This work provides a promising eco-friendly nanosized biochar amendment for Pb- and Cd-contaminated soil.

11. 题目: Spartina alterniflora invasion altered soil greenhouse gas emissions via affecting labile organic carbon in a coastal wetland
文章编号: N24090908
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Guanlin Li, Sixuan Xu, Yi Tang, Yanjiao Wang, Jiabao Lou, Qiuyue Zhang, Xiaojun Zheng, Jian Li, Babar Iqbal, Pengfei Cheng, Aibin Zhan, Daolin Du
更新时间: 2024-09-09
摘要: Coastal wetlands are vital carbon repositories with a substantial soil carbon storage potential; as such, they play a crucial role in global carbon sequestration and climate regulation. The most invasive species in the global coastal zone, , has significantly affected the ecosystem functions and nutrient cycling of coastal wetlands. However, it is uncertain how invasion affects the driving mechanism of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by causing changes in the soil labile organic carbon (LOC) pool. Therefore, we investigated the mediating role of soil LOC in influencing the impact of Spartina alterniflora invasion on soil GHG emissions. Our study was conducted in the coastal wetlands of the Dongtai Tiaozini Wetland Reserve in Yancheng, China. The relationship between variations in soil LOC components and GHG emissions in coastal wetlands was analyzed by measuring these variables across areas with high, moderate, and no invasion of . The results showed that as the degree of invasion intensified, emissions of carbon dioxide (CO), nitrous oxide (NO), and the global warming potential (GWP) showed significant increasing trends, while methane (CH) emissions tended to increase first and then decrease. Compared with CO emissions in the non-invasive plots of , CO emissions in moderately and highly invasive plots increased by 166.68 % and 403.35 %, respectively ( < 0.05). Similarly, NO emissions increased by 34.67 % and 303.03 %, respectively ( < 0.01), and the GWP increased by 683.87 % and 947.32 %, respectively ( < 0.01). For CH emissions, moderate invasion represented a carbon source, and high invasion represented a carbon sink. The findings indicated that invasion alters GHG emissions by modifying the soil LOC components and the ratio of LOC to soil organic carbon. These results provide a robust data foundation for understanding changes in carbon cycling and predicting feedback mechanisms on climate change in the context of invasions in coastal wetlands.

12. 题目: Machine learning-driven prediction of phosphorus adsorption capacity of biochar: Insights for adsorbent design and process optimization
文章编号: N24090907
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Huafei Lyu, Ziming Xu, Jian Zhong, Wenhao Gao, Jingxin Liu, Ming Duan
更新时间: 2024-09-09
摘要: Phosphorus (P) pollution in aquatic environments poses significant environmental challenges, necessitating the development of effective remediation strategies, and biochar has emerged as a promising adsorbent for P removal at the cost of extensive research resources worldwide. In this study, a machine learning approach was proposed to simulate and predict the performance of biochar in removing P from water. A dataset consisting of 190 types of biochar was compiled from literature, encompassing various variables including biochar characteristics, water quality parameters, and operating conditions. Subsequently, the random forest and CatBoost algorithms were fine-tuned to establish a predictive model for P adsorption capacity. The results demonstrated that the optimized CatBoost model exhibited high prediction accuracy with an R value of 0.9573, and biochar dosage, initial P concentration in water, and C content in biochar were identified as the predominant factors. Furthermore, partial dependence analysis was employed to examine the impact of individual variables and interactions between two features, providing valuable insights for adsorbent design and operating condition optimization. This work presented a comprehensive framework for applying a machine learning approach to address environmental issues and provided a valuable tool for advancing the design and implementation of biochar-based water treatment systems.

13. 题目: Biochar and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promote rapid-cycling Brassica napus growth under cadmium stress
文章编号: N24090906
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Chunru Yin, Weixia Lei, Sijie Wang, Gengxin Xie, Dan Qiu
更新时间: 2024-09-09
摘要: Purpose: To explore the mechanisms of tolerance of to ultra-high concentration cadmium pollution and the synergistic effects of biochar (BC) and Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plant growth under cadmium (Cd) stress. Results: The application of 5 % BC and inoculation with 10 g AMF significantly promoted the growth and development of . The combined application of BC and AMF (BC1A and BC2A) was better than the single application. At the Cd 200 mg/kg level, BC1A increased the fresh weight and Cd content of the above-ground parts of by 35.5 % and decreased by 21.20 %. The SOD and POD activities increased by 30.63 % and 73.37 %. The MDA and HO contents decreased by 40.8 % and 69.99 %, soluble sugar content increased by 37.96 %. At the Cd 300 mg/kg level, BC1A increased the fresh weight and Cd content of the above-ground parts of by 32.8 % and decreased by 15.99 %. The SOD and POD activities increased by 39.06 % and 93.56 %. The MDA and HO contents decreased by 28.39 % and 72.45 %, and the soluble sugar content increased by 21.16 %. Overall, both BC and AMF treatments alone or in combination (BC1A) were able to alleviate Cd stress and promote plant growth, with the combination of biochar and AMF being the most effective. Furthermore, transcriptome analyses indicated that BC may improve cadmium resistance in by significantly up-regulating the expression of genes related to peroxidase, photosynthesis, and plant MAPK signaling pathways. AMF may alleviate the toxicity of Cd stress on by up-regulating the expression of genes related to peroxisomes, phytohormone signaling, and carotenoid biosynthesis. The results of the study will provide support for ecological restoration technology in extremely heavy metal-polluted environments and provide some reference for the application and popularization of BC and AMF conjugation technology.

14. 题目: Assessment of coral reef connectivity in improved organic carbon storage of seagrass ecosystems in Palk Bay, India
文章编号: N24090905
期刊: Marine Pollution Bulletin
作者: null Rajamohanan Pillai Ranith, null Nandini Menon N, null Elavumkudi Paulose Nobi, null Alexkirubakaran Augustin Raj, null Sigamani Sivaraj
更新时间: 2024-09-09
摘要: The increase in climate-related extreme events and ecosystem degradation demands consistent and sustainable climate mitigation efforts. Seagrass playing a key role in nature-based carbon sequestration mitigation strategy. Here, we investigated the role of coral reef connectivity in blue carbon dynamics with seagrass meadows with coral reef connectivity (SC areas) and without coral reef connectivity (SG areas) in Palk Bay, India. The high sediment organic carbon was recorded in SC areas (90.26 ± 25.68 Mg org.C/ha) and lower in SG areas (66.96 ± 12.6 Mg org.C/ha). The maximum above-ground biomass (AGB) was recorded in (35.43 ± 8.50) in SC areas and the minimum in (7.59 ± 0.90) in SG areas, with a similar trend observed in below-ground biomass (BGB). Our findings highlight the importance of coral reefs in enhancing the blue carbon potential of seagrass ecosystems and underscore the need for integrated conservation and restoration strategies for coral reefs and seagrasses.

15. 题目: Green approach for fabricating hybrids of food waste-derived biochar/zinc oxide for effective degradation of bromothymol blue dye in a photocatalysis/persulfate activation system
文章编号: N24090904
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Mohamed Mohamed Gaber, Hassan Shokry, Mahmoud Samy, Ebtesam A El-Bestawy
更新时间: 2024-09-09
摘要: This study presents novel composites of biochar (BC) derived from spinach stalks and zinc oxide (ZnO) synthesized from water hyacinth to be used for the first time in a hybrid system for activating persulfate (PS) with photocatalysis for the degradation of bromothymol blue (BTB) dye. The BC/ZnO composites were characterized using innovative techniques. BC/ZnO (2:1) showed the highest photocatalytic performance and BC/ZnO (2:1)@(PS + light) system attained BTB degradation efficiency of 89.47% within 120 min. The optimum operating parameters were determined as an initial BTB concentration of 17.1 mg/L, a catalyst dosage of 0.7 g/L, and a persulfate initial concentration of 8.878 mM, achieving a BTB removal efficiency of 99.34%. The catalyst showed excellent stability over five consecutive runs. Sulfate radicals were the predominant radicals involved in the degradation of BTB. BC/ZnO (2:1)@(PS + light) system could degrade 88.52%, 84.64%, 81.5%, and 77.53% of methylene blue, methyl red, methyl orange, and Congo red, respectively. Further, the BC/ZnO (2:1)@(PS + light) system effectively activated PS to eliminate 97.49% of BTB and 85.12% of dissolved organic carbon in real industrial effluents from the textile industry. The proposed degradation system has the potential to efficiently purify industrial effluents which facilitates the large-scale application of this technique.

16. 题目: Biochar confers significant microbial resistance to ammonia toxicity in n-caproic acid production
文章编号: N24090903
期刊: Water Research
作者: Benteng Wu, Richen Lin, Jing Gu, Haoran Yuan, Jerry D Murphy
更新时间: 2024-09-09
摘要: Microbial chain elongation integrating innovative bioconversion technologies with organic waste utilization can transition current energy-intensive n-caproic acid production to sustainable circular bioeconomy systems. However, ammonia-rich waste streams, despite their suitability, pose inhibitory challenges to these bioconversion processes. Herein, biochar was employed as an additive to enhance the activity of chain elongating microbes under ammonia inhibition conditions, with an objective to detail underlying mechanisms of improvements. Biochar addition significantly improved chain elongation performance even under severe ammonia stress (exceeding 8 g N/L), increasing n-caproic acid yields by 40 % to 158 % and reducing lag times by 51 % to 90 %, compared with the best-performing group without biochar addition. The material contribution to n-caproic production reached up to 94.3 % (at 4 g N/L). These enhancements were mainly attributed to the new electron syntrophy induced by biochar, which improved electron transfer system activity and electrical conductivity of the fermentation system. This is further substantiated by increased relative abundances of the genus , electroactive bacteria, and up-regulated direct electron transfer-related genes including conductive pili and c-type cytochrome. This study demonstrates that biochar can confer robust resilience to ammonia toxicity in functional microbes, paving a way for efficient and sustainable n-caproic acid production.

17. 题目: Combination of magnesium modified biochar and iron oxides down-regulates phosphates transport in porous media
文章编号: N24090902
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Ning Wang, Sitong Pan, Shuangchi Li, Miaoyue Zhang, Xiaoqian Jiang
更新时间: 2024-09-09
摘要: The practical effects of biochar on soil phosphate (P) transport are significantly affected by P adsorption capacity of biochar itself and its interaction process with iron oxides. Here, the ability of pyrolysis to shape P adsorption capacity of biochar was investigated, while the interaction of biochar and iron oxides on P transport was explored with quartz sand columns and numerical modeling. Adsorption experiments showed that pyrolysis increased P adsorption capacity of Mg-modified biochar (∼248 mg g) through enriching surface morphology and pore structures, optimizing composition of functional groups, and forming MgO crystals. It also caused that P adsorption at MgBC-700°C was mainly controlled by surface precipitation, electrostatic attraction and pore interception. Simultaneously, the desorption of P was sensitive to pH changes and with low-stability. Transport experiments showed that iron oxides reduced P transport, shown to be goethite > hematite (P leaching: 69.59 % vs 98.29 %). Further, MgBC-700°C continued to decrease P transport from 75.56 % to 31.50 %, and the effect of goethite was more effective, with ligand reaction playing an important role. This process was influenced by cation types (Ca and K), ionic strength (1 mM and 50 mM), and pH (5, 7 and 9) through changing available retention sites of columns. Furthermore, since P adsorption mechanisms were different in the presence of MgBC-700°C and goethite than MgBC-700°C only, the changes of pH could no longer cause the release of P, but surprisingly, citric acid and oxalic acid could activate and slowly release the retained P via chelation, ligand exchange, and solubilization, which suggested that MgBC-700°C, as an environmentally-friendly P adsorption and release material, has great potential in reducing P loss and facilitating P utilization.

18. 题目: Enhancing the potential application of food-waste biochar as a sustainable bio-solid fuel: Analysis of post-treatment and combustion behavior
文章编号: N24090901
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Ye-Eun Lee, Yoonah Jeong, I-Tae Kim, Kwang-Ho Ahn, Jin-Hong Jung
更新时间: 2024-09-09
摘要: Food-waste biochar holds significant potential as a bio-solid fuel for achieving carbon neutrality; however, its high content of sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), and nitrogen, inhibits its potential use. This study explored the effects of post-treatment with ascorbic, acetic, citric, and iminodiacetic acids on the properties of food-waste biochar and volatile ionic substances to establish a foundation for assessing both the environmental impact and practical use of food waste. Post-treatment with organic acids achieved 92% Cl-removal efficiency and induced deformation of the functional groups of food-waste biochar surfaces, leading to the re-adsorption of alkali and alkaline earth metals. This re-adsorption of alkali metal ions showed a distinct correlation with NO mitigation. The amount of re-adsorbed Na and K varied based on the types of organic acids, resulting in different NO emission reduction effects. Iminodiacetic acid was particularly effective in alleviating Ca and PO volatilization, whereas citric acid exhibited the highest Ca elution performance, and the Ca-contained leachate is a potential source of CO storage through indirect mineral carbonation. Acetic acid is the most feasible alternative, considering both economic and environmental aspects. The findings suggest that the post-treatment of food-waste biochar effectively mitigates air pollutants during combustion and is beneficial for sustainable biosolid fuel production and bio-waste management.

19. 题目: Effects of artificial humic acid on decomposition of returning straw and enhancement of carbon sequestration
文章编号: N24090820
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Xiong-Xin Peng, Ronghui Li, Chunyu Tang, Wenhao Teng, Kui Cheng, Zhuqing Liu, Fan Yang
更新时间: 2024-09-08
摘要: Straw returning is one of the commonly used comprehensive utilization methods of straw, but the slow decomposition of straw could affect crop growth. Artificial humic acid (A-HA) can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and facilitate the growth of soil microorganisms. In a 180-day incubation experiment, A-HA was used as a propulsive activator to study its effects on decomposition, soil carbon fixation and emission reduction of returning straw. The results showed that the decomposition rate of straw increased by 31 % in the presence of artificial humic acid after 180 days. Moreover, A-HA increases the diversity and abundance of soil microorganisms, especially those associated with carbon sequestration, thereby reducing the rate of CO emissions. This study improves insights on the application of artificial humic acid in promoting straw decomposition, soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction.

20. 题目: Sorption retards remediation of clayey sulfuric soils with straw‐derived dissolved organic matter
文章编号: N24090819
期刊: European Journal of Soil Science
作者: Angelika Kölbl, Luke Mosley, Rob Fitzpatrick, Klaus Kaiser
更新时间: 2024-09-08
摘要: When sulfidic soils become drained, oxidation of pyrite can cause acidification and formation of iron (Fe) oxyhydroxy sulfate phases such as jarosite. Remediation via re‐establishment of reducing conditions requires submergence and addition of biodegradable organic carbon (OC) to stimulate activity of reducing bacteria. Addition of straw‐derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) has been shown to induce rapid microbial reduction in sandy sulfuric (pH <4) soils. In clayey sulfuric soil, DOC may be less efficient because of limited availability for microbes due to its sorption to reactive minerals. We tested the possible effect of sorption on the remediative potential of straw‐derived DOC using a set of incubation and sorption experiments, and used solid‐state 13C‐NMR spectroscopy for the chemical characterization of OC. The tested materials were a clayey, jarosite‐containing sulfuric soil (pH 3), and artificial model soils composed of synthesized jarosite either mixed with quartz powder or quartz powder + clay minerals. The results showed that addition of DOC from wheat straw induces reduction conditions varying with soil sorptivity. For the model soils, DOC sorption was little, and DOC additions of 0.8 mg OC g−1 were sufficient to achieve permanently reducing conditions and an increase in pH to >6.0. In the natural sulfuric soil, much higher DOC additions were needed (1.8 mg OC g−1) to facilitate continuous reducing conditions, but pH increased only to values no higher than 5.0–5.5. The natural soil revealed strong sorption of added DOC. Sorption preferentially reduced the proportion of proteins, while the proportion of lignin components, which can hardly be used by microorganisms under reducing conditions, remained relatively high in solution. Thus, high DOC additions were required to overcome the sorption‐induced limitations in OC availability. The results suggest that wheat straw‐derived DOC is a promising approach also for remediation of clayey sulfuric soils; however, OC additions need to be adjusted to compensate for possible sorption.