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41. 题目: Boosting sewage sludge safety with nano-biochar for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons immobilization and ecotoxicity reduction
文章编号: N25041610
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Monika Raczkiewicz, Patryk Oleszczuk
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common pollutants in sewage sludge (SSL), posing environmental and health risks. Stabilizing these contaminants is crucial for improving the ecological safety and reuse potential of SSL. This study investigated the effectiveness of nano-biochars (n-BC) and bulk biochars (b-BC) derived from willow (WL) and rice husk (RH) in reducing freely dissolved (C_free) PAHs in SSL and mitigating its ecotoxicity. RH-derived biochars demonstrated superior performance, achieving 1.5- to 4.7-fold greater reductions in C_free PAH content compared to WL-derived variants. Notably, n-BC proved more effective than b-BC, with n-BC-RH and n-BC-WL showing up 1.2- to 2.0-fold greater reductions, respectively. The optimal BC’s dose range was 2.5-5%, with diminishing returns observed at higher concentrations (10%). The n-BC treatment also showed enhanced toxicity reduction, improving Aliivibrio fischeri luminescence and Lepidium sativum root growth by up to 109% and 369% compared to b-BC. Analysis revealed that inorganic minerals (present in ash) in both BC types played a key role in PAH immobilization. These results highlight nano-biochar's potential as an innovative solution for sustainable SSL management. This research addresses a critical gap in sludge management by proposing practical, scalable, and sustainable solutions for PAH contamination.

42. 题目: Efficient removal of cadmium (II) and arsenic (III) from water by nano-zero-valent iron modified biochar-zeolite composite.
文章编号: N25041609
期刊: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
作者: Mengyuan Wu, Lijuan Wu, Wen Zhang, Xianbao Zhong, Runfeng Guo, Ziying Cui, Yajun Yang, Jialong Lv
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要: For the removal of Cd(II) and As(III) from water, this study synthesized a nano-zero-valent iron-loaded biochar-zeolite composite material (nZVI-BCZo) using a liquid-phase reduction method, with biochar, zeolite, and FeSO₄·7H₂O as precursors. The successful incorporation of nZVI onto the BCZo was verified through Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses, which revealed significant modifications in the surface oxygen-containing functional groups. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate the adsorption characteristics and performance of nZVI-BCZo for Cd(II) and As(III). Under optimal conditions (pH 6.0, temperature of 310 K, and an adsorption time of 360 min), the maximum adsorption capacities for Cd(II) and As(III) were found to be 28.09 mg/g and 186.99 mg/g, respectively. The influence of pH on removal efficiency was more pronounced than that of temperature, with nZVI-BCZo exhibiting a higher affinity for As(III) compared to Cd(II). Kinetic analysis showed that the adsorption process is primarily controlled by chemical adsorption and follows a monolayer adsorption mechanism. Regeneration tests demonstrated that nZVI-BCZo retained good adsorption capacity after three cycles, with adsorption efficiencies of 67.78 % for Cd(II) and 53.04 % for As(III), indicating its potential for repeated use in water treatment applications. The economic evaluation revealed that nZVI-BCZo has a lower processing cost. Therefore, this study established nZVI-BCZo as an efficient, reusable, and cost-effective adsorbent for the treatment of heavy metal-laden water.

43. 题目: Hydrogen peroxide-aged biochar mitigating greenhouse gas emissions during Co-composting of swine manure with rice bran
文章编号: N25041608
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Zixun Chen, Peng Gao, Yaoxiong Lu, Xinwei Cui, Fuyuan Peng
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要: Compared to fresh biochar, aged biochar has a more significant effect on mitigating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in farmland soil. However, there is a relative scarcity of research addressing this effect in aerobic composting. In this study, a co-composting of swine manure and rice bran (NBC), with the addition of fresh biochar (FBC) and hydrogen peroxide-aged biochar (ABC), was conducted to investigate the dynamic changes in physicochemical properties, microbial communities, GHG emissions and related functional genes during different periods. In comparison to NBC, FBC led to a 32% decrease in total GHG emissions (CO₂-equiv), including a 29% reduction in CO₂ emissions, a 45% reduction in CH₄ emissions, and a 35% decrease in N₂O emissions. Furthermore, ABC resulted in a 14% decrease in GHG emission (CO₂-equiv), comprising a 47% reduction in CH₄ emissions and a 23% decrease in N₂O emissions compared to FBC. These findings indicated that the addition of aged biochar has a more significant impact on GHG reduction during composting. Network analyses, Mantel tests and redundancy analyses suggested that the mechanism behind the lowest GHG emissions in ABC is the reduction of the relative abundance of fungi associated with CH₄ emissions, along with the nirS and nirK genes associated with denitrification. This reduction is associated with the decreasing anaerobic zones resulting from the increased pore volume in biochar after aging. Overall, this study demonstrates that hydrogen peroxide aging enhances the GHG-reducing efficiency in biochar, and provides new insights into the development of GHG-reducing technologies in composting.

44. 题目: Rewetting alongside biochar and sulphate addition mitigates greenhouse gas emissions and retain carbon in degraded upland peatlands
文章编号: N25041607
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Peduruhewa H Jeewani, Robert W Brown, Chris D Evans, Jack Cook, Benjamin P Roberts, Mariecia D Fraser, David R Chadwick, Davey L Jones
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要: Peat soils store significant amounts of carbon (C) globally, and increased C sequestration into peatlands could play a role in offsetting anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. As such, there is a need to find and assess optimal greenhouse gas removal (GGR) interventions to minimise GHG losses, protect current C stocks, and promote further C sequestration. This mesocosm study assessed the additional C storage potential of different C-rich substrates (Juncus straw or Juncus-derived biochar) and/or FeSO₄ amendments, with a low water table (LW; -15 cm) and high-water table (HW; 0 cm) in intact soil columns (20 cm diam. x 25 cm deep) extracted from degraded upland peat. GHG fluxes, soluble nutrients, changes in microbial community structure and enzyme activity were measured over a one-year period to evaluate the net C storage and their overall GGR potential. HW reduced CO₂ emissions by 28% compared to LW, while CH₄ emissions increased, ultimately contributing 61% of the overall CO₂ equivalent (CO₂eq) GHG emissions in HW cores with no amendments. Organic amendments had a significant effect on CO₂ and CH₄ emissions with the highest cumulative emissions being from the Straw-HW (26.2 t CO₂eq ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹) and the lowest cumulative emissions being from the Biochar+FeSO₄+HW (7.9 t CO₂eq ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹). Biochar+FeSO₄+HW led to the strongest net gain in soil C, suppressing decomposition of the native peat-C as well as CH₄ emissions. The application of FeSO₄ significantly reduced CO₂eq GHG emissions by preventing methanogenesis through alternative electron acceptors. The Biochar+HW treatment suppressed Ascomycota abundance by 22%. The combination of a high-water level, biochar addition and availability of alternative electron acceptors (e.g., FeSO₄) can increase net C accumulation and GGR via both abiotic and biotic mechanisms, including i) increased C input, ii) modulation of soil microbiome to reduce peat turnover; and iii) suppression of CH₄ and N₂O emissions.

45. 题目: Two pathways for reducing soil aggregate organic carbon mineralisation via minimum tillage under a long-term field experiment
文章编号: N25041606
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Xinkun Liu, Ruxin Li, Yi Lv, Xianfeng Zhang, Yecheng Zhang, Qisong Gao, Yuzhao Ma, Fiston Bizimana, Ling Liu, Huifang Han, Tangyuan Ning
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要: Soil aggregates are the basic units of soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralisation. However, it is unclear through which pathways soil aggregates and their hydrolytic activities affect SOC mineralisation under minimum tillage. For this purpose, we conducted incubation experiments. Soil samples of conventional (CTS) and minimal tillage [subsoiling (SSS) and no tillage (NTS)] with straw return to the field were collected from a long-term tillage experimental field. Soil aggregates with column sizes of 2–5 mm (large macro-aggregates; LMA), 0.25–2 mm (small macro-aggregates; SMA) and 0.053–0.25 mm (micro-aggregates; MA) were prepared, with bulk soil serving as a control. Results indicated that minimum tillage increased macro-aggregate (>0.25 mm) content (12.9 %–17.7 %) and soil carbon fraction content (2.7 %–46.9 %) but decreased soil hydrolase activity (5.0 %–45.8 %) and CO2 cumulative emissions (8.1 %–28.0 %) compared with CTS. Minimum tillage reduced the SOC mineralisation contribution of SMA compared with CTS (66.6 %–70.3 %). Partial least squares path model analysis showed that there are two pathways by which the proportions of soil aggregate–size classes (ASC) and hydrolase activity affect SOC mineralisation in soil aggregates. First, minimum tillage increased the ASC of LMA, which negatively regulated the hydrolase activity of macro-aggregates, and then indirectly reduced SOC mineralisation by negatively regulating the content of soil carbon fractions. Second, minimum tillage decreased the ASC of MA, which positively regulated soil hydrolase activity and reduced SOC mineralisation. This study provides new insights into reducing GHG emissions from agricultural production from a soil aggregation perspective.

46. 题目: Optimizing extraction conditions to enhance the humification and soil remediation potential of compost-derived dissolved organic matter
文章编号: N25041605
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Xiangyang Zhou, Ziling Xiao, Xiuna Ren, Bin Xi, Quan Wang
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要: Compost tea (CT), primarily composed of dissolved organic matter derived from compost, is widely used in various environmental and agricultural applications. Nevertheless, limited information is available regarding how extraction parameters influence the quality of CT and its efficacy in soil remediation. In this study, a multi-factor orthogonal design L16 (43) was employed to investigate the effects of compost-to-water ratio (CWR), extraction time (ET), and aeration pattern (AP) on nutrient extraction and humification of CT, aiming to optimize the extraction conditions. Results showed that N, P2O5, and K2O extraction efficiencies in all treatments ranged from 10 to 25 %, 10–20 %, and 50–85 %, respectively. The comprehensive humification score was in the range of 1.27–1.60. Among the three parameters, ET showed the most significant influence on CT quality. The optimal treatment for nutrient extraction was T15 (CWR 1:60, ET 48 h, and stirring), while T17 (CWR 1:30, ET 48 h, and aeration) exhibited superior performance on humification. Furthermore, the total Cd removal efficiency of T17 was 83.64 % after multiple washing cycles, which was attributed to an increased number of hydroxyl, carboxyl, and carbonyl functional groups that provided additional binding sites for Cd.

47. 题目: Impact of post-anthropogenic forest fire on soil carbon dynamics and physicochemical properties in tropical dry deciduous Sulia Reserve Forest, Odisha
文章编号: N25041604
期刊: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
作者: Sudipta Nayak, Manish Kumar, Nabin Kumar Dhal
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要:

Anthropogenic forest fire is an emerging cause for forest degradation, which primarily alters soil physicochemical characteristics and carbon content. For assessing these effects, the current study compares soils of unburned (as CON), managed (as MAN) planted locations (Shorea robusta, Tectona grandis), and burned (as BUR) locations of Sulia Reserve Forest of Nayagarh, Odisha. Soils were collected from below surface litter (BSL) (0 to 5 cm), top soil (TS) (5 to 15 cm), and sub-soil (SS) (15 to 30 cm) randomly from selected patches. Samples were analysed for colour, texture, pH, bulk density (BD), water holding capacity (WHC), electrical conductivity (EC), potassium (K⁺), and nitrogen (N). Also, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were utilised to study the soil mineralogical and surface properties. In comparison to unaffected locations (CON and MAN), the BUR soil showed increased levels of EC, OC (oxidisable carbon), TOC (total organic carbon), SOM (soil organic matter), K⁺, and available nitrogen (AN). However, suppression in total nitrogen (TN) was observed for BUR locations in BSL samples. In BUR, the range of EC (0.12–0.29 S/m), OC (1.8–2.8%), TOC (2.5–3%), and SOM (4–6%) demonstrated variability in soil physicochemical properties. The BUR soils reflect significant changes in feldspar, haematite, and kaolinite. The results also highlight the C alteration and enhancement of nutrients (K⁺ and N) availability in BUR soil. The assessment demonstrates complex behaviours of soil properties due to forest fire within a dry deciduous forest and emphasises a location specific management plan to conserve the natural resource.

48. 题目: Insights into the Stabilization of Atmospheric Iron(II) by Water-Soluble Organic Matter: Role of Aliphatic Organosulfates
文章编号: N25041603
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology Letters
作者: Shihui Feng, Rui Liu, Peijie Yang, Ming Sheng, Ning Yang, Xiaoli Fu, Weijun Li, Yongguang Yin, Pingqing Fu
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要: Understanding the behavior of soluble Fe(II) in the atmosphere is essential for unraveling global biogeochemical cycles of iron and its bioavailability. In this study, we conducted redox experiments to investigate the stabilizing effect of water-soluble organic matter (WSOM) on soluble iron(II) (Fe(II)) in the atmosphere. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) was used to analyze the molecular composition of WSOM, specifically focusing on molecules that showed positive correlations with Fe(II) concentrations during the redox transformation of iron. Our study indicates that aliphatic organosulfates/nitrooxy-organosulfates, especially those with unsaturated structures, play a significant role in stabilizing Fe(II). Their sources primarily include secondary organic aerosols derived from naphthalene, unsaturated fatty acids, benzene, long-chain alkanes, and monoterpenes. This discovery advances our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the presence of atmospheric Fe(II) and provides new insights into the processes governing its stabilization and cycling, highlighting the intricate interplay between iron chemistry and atmospheric organic matter.

49. 题目: Enhanced denitrification using iron modified biochar under low carbon source condition: Modulating community assembly, allocating carbon metabolism and facilitating electron transfer
文章编号: N25041602
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Ao Xu, Dawen Gao, Wei-Min Wu, Xiaofei Gong, Hong Liang
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要: Biochar can modulate microbial community structure to enhance denitrification but the activity is still restricted by the availability of electron transfer (ETS) under metabolic imbalance conditions. Here we developed iron (Ⅲ) modified biochar (FeBC) to substantially mitigate this electron limitation, enhance ETS and accelerate denitrification reaction via intracellular metabolism and community interaction. The results demonstrated that FeBC could significantly improve the denitrification performance, the nitrate removal rate was significantly increased by 30 % at C/N ratio of 3 (W/W) with little nitrite and nitrous oxide accumulation, attributing to the enhanced activities of the ETS and denitrifying reductases and complex microbial interactions via increased abundance of microorganisms involved in carbon and nitrogen transformations. Biochemical quantification and electrochemical analysis, revealed that FeBC activated the acceleration of the ETS process. Comparative metagenome analyses indicated that upregulating key enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle was the potential respiratory enzyme associated with FeBC-mediated ETS. NADH/NAD+ circulation stimulate the startup of carbon metabolism. This energy-linked mechanism could provide ATP for denitrification. This study revealed the functional roles of FeBC in mediating ETS and regulating the bacterial community to achieve enhanced denitrification.

50. 题目: Study of sedimentary organic carbon using δ13C, δ15N and TOC/TN as indicator in sediment core samples from Mumbai Harbor Bay
文章编号: N25041601
期刊: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
作者: V B Yadav, Vandana A Pulhani, A Vinod Kumar
更新时间: 2025-04-16
摘要:

Elemental [Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Total Nitrogen (TN)] compositions and stable isotope ratio of carbon (δ¹³C), and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) compositions were measured in four sediment core samples from Mumbai Harbour Bay (MHB), Mumbai, India, to assess the impact of anthropogenic discharges on organic matter in the area and to identify the contribution of terrestrial and marine sources to sedimentary organic carbon. The average values for TOC (%), TN (%) and TOC/TN ratio at different sampling locations in the study area ranges from 1.86% to 2.29%, 0.16% to 0.22%, and 10.49 to 12.01, respectively. Similarly, the average values for δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N were found to vary from - 23.53‰ to - 21.12‰ and from 1.22‰ to 3.14‰, respectively. The sediment from regions impacted by anthropogenic activities had a higher terrestrial organic matter. Application of a two end-member mixing model indicated the contribution of marine sources to organic matter increased from 53.40 ± 11.24% at the northern end to 90.51 ± 6.91% at the southern end of the bay. The correlation between the measured parameters indicates that the organic matter in the region has undergone significant diagenesis and bacterial decomposition. Overall, this study highlights the importance of stable isotope ratios in understanding the complex dynamics of marine ecosystems and the source of organic matter.

51. 题目: Facile synthesis of urea-modified sewage sludge biochar for efficient sulfamethoxazole degradation via an electron transfer pathway
文章编号: N25041515
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Yingjian Yu, Yulong Li, Jingyue Bao, Zhuqi Chen, Longhua Wu, Lie Yang
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: The widespread presence of antibiotic residues in environmental matrices poses significant ecological risks. In this study, N-doped sludge biochar (NSBC) was synthesized through a straightforward and practical method using waste activated sludge and urea. The synthesized NSBC was employed to activate periodate (PI) for the efficient removal of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) from aqueous solutions. The incorporation of urea markedly enhanced the biochar's adsorption capacity and catalytic oxidation performance, achieving complete SMX removal within 60 minutes, while maintaining high removal efficiency across wide pH conditions (3–9). Interference experiments revealed that common anions (Cl^-, SO₄^2-, and NO₃^-) exerted minor inhibitory effects on SMX removal, while the presence of humic acid and the complex matrices of three natural water systems maintained SMX removal efficiencies above 70%. Quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance, and electrochemical analyses confirmed that the degradation of SMX primarily occurs via a non-radical pathway facilitated by an electron transfer mechanism. Analysis of degradation products and predictions from the ECOSAR model suggested that SMX was transformed into a series of smaller, low-toxicity intermediate products, significantly diminishing its inhibitory effect on seed germination. This study offers a sustainable strategy for waste sludge valorization and an eco-friendly solution for antibiotic pollution mitigation.

52. 题目: Potassium and phosphorous co-doped g-C3N4/shrimp shell biochar composite attached onto polylactic acid degradable mulching film for photocatalytic removal of atrazine in water and soil
文章编号: N25041514
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Haoqian Li, Duo Zhang, Yonglin Chen, Weiting Luo, Chenyun Xu, Yuyin Chen, Bingyan Lu, Dongfang Wang, He Xu
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: “White pollution” of traditional plastic mulching film and biotoxicity of pesticide residues are commonly threatened sources in ecological environment, but the methods for simultaneously reducing them are still limited. Herein, polylactic acid degradable mulch film (PLA-MF) was firstly chosen as desired substrate modified by potassium, phosphorus co-doped g-C₃N₄ (K-P-CN) combined with shrimp shell biochar (SSB) (The composite was denoted as K-P-CN/SSB, and the composite after coating was named as PLA-MF/K-P-CN/SSB), which was used to remove atrazine (ATZ) in water and soil through photocatalysis. The doping of K and P into g-C₃N₄ significantly promoted absorption of K-P-CN shifted to a more visible region for sunlight utilization, contributing to the increased interlayer spacing of g-C₃N₄ and separation of photogenerated electrons-holes. SSB, acting as an electron acceptor, further reduced the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers and enhanced the photocatalytic performance of K-P-CN/SSB by synergistic effect. PLA-MF/K-P-CN/SSB system exhibited effective removal of ATZ with degradation efficiency in water (90 %, 8 h) and soil (50 %, 24 h) under the visible light irradiation. The degraded mechanism and pathways of ATZ were proposed as dechlorination, dealkylation, and hydroxylation. Pot experiments revealed that the agricultural indexes of Chinese white cabbage in soil were evidently increased with K-P-CN/SSB and PLA-MF/K-P-CN/SSB treatments. Several nutrients in soil, including total nitrogen (TN), total potassium (TK), total phosphorus (TP) and organic carbon (OC), were also enhanced. Especially, K, P additions could improve 1.60 and 2.09 times of soil organic carbon compared to those with plastic film and the Blank treatments. These results suggest that the proposed method may provide a novel approach for reducing traditional plastic film and organic contaminants’ pollution for plant growth by photocatalytic technology.

53. 题目: Exploring the chemical behaviors of dissolved organic matter to thermal hydrolysis temperature at the molecular level and its fate in anaerobic membrane bioreactor
文章编号: N25041513
期刊: Water Research
作者: Jian Yin, Teng Cai, Yizhi Zhang, Qicai Dai, Yijing Gao, Siqin Li, Xueqin Lu, Guangyin Zhen
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: Thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP) coupled with anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) to enhance biomass bioconversion and methane production is a promising biotechnology. Herein, we shed light on the effects of THP temperature on molecular structure changes of dissolved organic matter of sewage sludge and food waste and its underlying mechanisms on hydrolysis, and methane bioconversion. The optimal THP condition was 160°C, with a 1.87-times increase in soluble chemical oxygen demand (6.35 ± 0.09 g/L). FT-ICR MS indicated most of the compounds were biodegradable after 160°C THP treatment, which had low aromatic or polarity, corresponding to protein/amino sugars and unsaturated hydrocarbon regions. Side reactions, like Maillard reaction and caramelization, induced the production of recalcitrant formulas with high hydrophobic and aromatic structure content (lower O/C and H/C values). These recalcitrant formulas attributed to carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM) exhibited poor biodegradability. For homologous DOMs sharing the same Kendrick mass defect (KMD), compounds exhibiting lower nominal oxidation state of carbon (NOSC), higher H/C ratios, and lower O/C ratios tend to exhibit greater biodegradability. Microbial analysis revealed that samples after THP pretreatment showed enhanced enrichment of both organic matter-degrading bacteria (e.g., Prolixibacteraceae, Anaerolineae and SJA-15) and methanogenic archaea (e.g., Methanosaeta, Methanobacterium, and Candidatus Methanofastidiosum) during the AD process. leading to a synergistic effect among microorganisms (such as Anaerolineae and Methanosaeta). Our findings highlight the interactive mechanism among molecular-level DOMs composition, microbial community succession, and AnMBR's performance, which provides a basis for an in-depth understanding of the THP strategy on anaerobic digestion.

54. 题目: Iron-Driven Fast Decomposition of Soil Carbon Under Periodic Anoxia
文章编号: N25041512
期刊: Global Change Biology
作者: Ting Liu, Xin Wang, Simin Wang, Erxiong Zhu, Steven J Hall, Xiaojuan Feng
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition underpins soil-atmosphere carbon exchange and is regulated by climate change-mediated variations in soil redox conditions. Periodic anoxia, commonly occurring following precipitation, soil flooding, and erosion events, is assumed to preserve SOC. Yet, water saturation may also increase SOC decomposition relative to unsaturated conditions, and contradictory findings among previous studies remain unexplained. Here, using incubation experiments on 20 soils collected across a 24° latitude gradient in China, we show that 70% of the soils showed a higher or similar anoxic decomposition rate of SOC compared to the oxic treatment, indicating fast SOC loss under relatively short anoxia. Methane production was far lower than CO₂ due to the presence of alternative terminal electron acceptors (TEAs). Variation in alternative TEAs and microbial community shows that fast anoxic decomposition was primarily driven by iron (Fe) reduction, which accounted for up to 90% of anoxic CO₂ production. Meanwhile, positive relationships among water-extractable organic carbon (OC), hydrochloric acid-extractable ferrous Fe, relative abundance of Fe-reducing prokaryotes, and the SOC decomposition rate suggest the release of readily metabolized substrates following Fe reduction. This release provided substrates for anoxic metabolism and potentially led to the loss of OC protected by Fe (Fe-bound OC; a slow-cycling OC pool under oxic conditions). Mass balance calculation confirms that Fe-bound OC loss was mostly similar to elevated anoxic SOC decomposition in magnitude, and random forest modeling indicates that soils rich in reducible Fe, SOC, and Fe-reducing prokaryotes most likely experience elevated SOC decomposition under periodic anoxia. Overall, our findings demonstrate that fast anoxic decomposition of SOC is a potentially important pathway that may stimulate SOC loss under climate change-mediated intense hydrologic regimes, particularly for soils rich in reducible Fe and SOC.

55. 题目: Soil pH and precipitation controls on organic carbon retention from organic amendments across soil orders: A meta-analysis
文章编号: N25041511
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Bin Wu, Tongshuo Bai, Wenjuan Yu, Tongbin Zhu, Daming Li, Chenglong Ye, Manqiang Liu, Shuijin Hu
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: One central goal of global change research is to explore the potential to mitigate rising atmospheric CO₂ by promoting carbon (C) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems, particularly in low-C agricultural soils in tropical and subtropical regions. Existing evidence suggests that the application of organic amendments is not effective in promoting accrual of soil organic carbon (SOC) in weathered tropical soils like Acrisols, but the specific causes that constrain SOC sequestration are not exactly clear. Here, we synthesized data from 224 publications to assess changes in SOC stocks in response to organic amendments across Acrisols and five other soil orders (Anthrosols, Cambisols, Fluvisols, Luvisols, and Phaeozems). We found that Acrisols, characterized by the lowest soil pH, exhibited the lowest C retention efficiency of organic amendments among the six soil orders, whereas no significant differences were observed among the other five soil orders. Initial soil pH and mean annual precipitation (MAP) were key predictors of SOC retention efficiency, which increased with initial soil pH and decreased with MAP. In addition, low soil pH and high MAP also suppressed microbial growth in response to organic amendments, limiting the retention of mineral-associated organic C (MAOC), which was strongly linked to SOC retention efficiency. Together, these findings suggest that limited SOC accumulation in Acrisols likely results from rapid decomposition and inefficient microbial transformation under acidic and humid conditions. Developing viable practices to improve SOC retention in weathered tropical soils with high acidity should focus on both enhancing the microbial pathway of SOC formation (e.g., through liming) and reducing C decomposition (e.g., through reduced tillage or deep residue incorporation).

56. 题目: Water level regimes can regulate the influences of microplastic pollution on carbon loss in paddy soils: Insights from dissolved organic matter and carbon mineralization
文章编号: N25041510
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Xiaonan Lu, Lili Wang, Georg Guggenberger, Yue Sun, Runan Hu, Tingxuan Li
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: The persistence of farmland microplastic (MP) pollution has raised significant concerns regarding its effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) pools in the context of soil pollution but also of global climate change. Nevertheless, the effect of MPs on SOC mineralization as well as dissolved organic carbon (DOC) transformation with different water levels in paddy soils remained uncertain. In this study, we investigated the effect of micro polyethylene (PE) on SOC decomposition in paddy soils under alternating wet and dry (AWD) and continuous flooding (CF) conditions through a 205-day microcosm experiment. Polyethylene addition reduced cumulative CO2 emissions by 5.1–14.8 % under both water conditions. The presence of PE influenced SOC mineralization under CF conditions by diminishing the activity of cellobiohydrolase enzymes and increasing the microbial community diversity. Conversely, at AWD the addition of PE impeded SOC mineralization by reducing the activity of polyphenol oxidase enzymes. However, PE addition resulted in higher DOC content and at low dose of PE addition (0.25 % w/w) increased DOM bioavailability. The most significantly positive effect was found with the addition of 1 % w/w PE, which increased DOC content by 37.2 % and 18.5 % compared to Control (CK) under AWD and CF conditions, respectively. The strong correlation observed between DOC and mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) concentrations might result from DOC adsorbed to mineral surfaces to form MAOC and then affect SOC mineralization. Accordingly, AWD is a more efficient management to attenuate the impact of MPs on SOC decomposition compared to CF. Our study is noteworthy in the development of sustainable agricultural practice management in plastic-contaminated soil-crop systems.

57. 题目: No-till systems restore soil organic carbon stock in Brazilian biomes and contribute to the climate solution
文章编号: N25041509
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: João Carlos de Moraes Sá, Rattan Lal, Klaus Lorenz, Yadunath Bajgai, Carla Gavilan, Manan Kapoor, Ademir De Oliveira Ferreira, Clever Briedis, Thiago Massao Inagaki, Lutecia Beatriz Canalli, Daniel Ruiz Potma Gonçalves, Jeankleber Bortoluzzi
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: No-till systems grounded in the principles of conservation agriculture can restore the soil organic carbon (SOC) stock and environmental sustainability. Here, we assessed the SOC stocks to 1-m depth for three land-uses (i.e., native vegetation - NV, no-till system – NTS, and plow-based tillage - PBT) across 26 sites in the Cerrado and 37 sites in the Atlantic Forest biomes of Brazil for 3402 soil samples. The depletion of SOC stocks under PBT compared to NV was equivalent to a loss of 38.1 % and 45.8 % of the original NV SOC stock for Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, respectively. The SOC stocks of 16 NTS sites exhibited levels that exceeded those under NV, and SOC stock was restored from 80 to 100 % of its NV levels in 27 other NTS sites across the Brazilian biomes. The SOC stock at seven of 13 edaphoclimatic zones (Clusters) was comparable to or more than that under NV. The duration of NTS to restore SOC stock to that under NV ranged from 36.4 to 55.0 years for the Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes, respectively. The NTS/NV SOC stock ratio indicated that one hectare of land under NTS has the potential to avert deforestation for food production of 0.81 ± 0.18 to 1.01 ± 0.15 ha of NV in the Brazilian biomes. In essence, NTS has been demonstrated to effectively restore SOC stocks in Brazil's biomes and play a pivotal role in integrating agriculture as a part of the solution for mitigation strategies for climate change.

58. 题目: The role of biochar in algal source water treatment: Algal cells integrity and N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation potential
文章编号: N25041508
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Wen Qin, Jingru Yang, Changyang Zhang, Yang Song, Jin Jiang, Jun Ma
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: The effects of unmodified and modified biochars (BC) made by tea (TBC), coconut shell (NBC), corn straw (SBC), and orange peel (OBC) on algae removal efficiency and NDMA formation potential (NDMA-FP) in algae-containing water were investigated. The algae removals (12%-45%) and NDMA-FP reductions (1%-20%) were enhanced by unmodified BC, indicating that the potential application of BC in algae removal and NDMA formation risk control. Cu(Ⅰ/Ⅱ)-modified BC (Cu(Ⅰ/Ⅱ)-BC) significantly promoted algae removal efficiency (up to 80%) with the most significant physical membrane damage to Microcystis aeruginosa (85-99%), leading to an increase in NDMA-FP (21%-31%). In contrast, Fe(Ⅲ)-modified BC (Fe(Ⅲ)-BC) not only exhibited superior algae removal performance (5%) with minimal physical damage (membrane damage rate < 15%), but also provided better control over NDMA-FP (2%-23%). Fe(Ⅲ)-BC performed strong adsorption capacity for AOM, with an adsorption efficiency of up to 86%. NDMA-FP control in algae-containing water by BC depended on its physical damage to cells and AOM adsorption. A positive correlation was observed between membrane damage and AOM adsorption. These findings support optimizing algal removal and NDMA-FP control in drinking water treatment.

59. 题目: Visualization of the spatial transport of nutrients and organic matter contents in sediments under hydrodynamic perturbation conditions
文章编号: N25041507
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Guoxiu Liu, Zaisheng Yan, Hongyang Wang, Yuhuan Yang
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: Hydrodynamics can force nutrients and organic matter in sediments to migrate through perturbation, causing changes in their spatial patterns. The effectiveness of hydrodynamics is often validated through microcosm experiments, but the reliability of the experimental results is questionable because of the small experimental scale, which makes it difficult to capture small changes in pollutant content in sediments. This study focuses on data processing methods under small-scale conditions, and through an in-depth study of the characteristics and applicability of different interpolation methods, we provide a better visualization of nutrient salt and organic matter contents in sediment spatial patterns under hydrodynamic perturbations. Under hydrodynamic perturbation conditions, a more reliable and accurate method is provided to support the visualization of nutrient and organic matter contents in sediments under hydrodynamic perturbation. The results show that among the four kriging interpolation methods, Ordinary Kriging (OK) performs best. Taking total nitrogen in sediments as an example, the accuracy of the semivariogram function was discussed, and the composite function performed well, but it was not as good as the linear function, which may be due to the relatively simple spatial distribution of pollutants in sediments. Compared with the OK method and Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation method, the IDW method can better capture local changes and yield better accuracy. However, the OK method results in a more delicate gradient change on the spatial distribution map.

60. 题目: Magnesium-organic framework-derived MgO-supported nitrogen-doped biochar for ultrahigh-performance low-temperature H2S desulfurization
文章编号: N25041506
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Yaoqi Huang, Yi Yuan, Lingwen Song, Ge He, Shaojun Yuan
更新时间: 2025-04-15
摘要: Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is a colorless, toxic gas that poses significant risks to both human health and the environment, contributing notably to the formation of acid rain. Metal oxide-supported carbon-based materials have been extensively utilized for H₂S removal; however, their effectiveness is often hindered by the agglomeration of metal oxides, which limits the availability of active sites. To address this challenge, we developed a novel Mg-MOF-derived MgO-supported N-doped biochar (MgO/NBC) with highly dispersed MgO nanoparticles for efficient H₂S desulfurization under ambient conditions. The synthesis strategy involved the in-situ growth of Mg-MOF on nitrogen-doped biochar prepared from waste rice straw, followed by pyrolysis, resulting in a uniform distribution of MgO across the carbon matrix. The optimized MgO/NBC-700-2 sample (where 2 represents the mass ratio of N-doped biochar precursor to Mg-MOF, 700 denotes pyrolysis temperature) was achieved by rationally adjusting the pyrolysis temperature and loading amounts of Mg-MOF. The MgO/NBC-700-2 exhibited an exceptional H₂S breakthrough capacity of 833.6 mg/g at 25 °C in a 5 % O₂ atmosphere, while deactivated biochar (without Mg-MOF loading) displayed a significantly lower desulfurization capacity of approximately 20.4 mg/g. The H₂S removal mechanism by MgO/NBC was demonstrated to involve a coupling process of reactive adsorption and catalytic oxidation. This study provides valuable insights into the rational design of efficient carbon-based desulfurizers tailored for low-temperature H₂S removal applications.