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61. 题目: High efficiency capture of COD and phosphate in real domestic wastewater by Fe(VI)/PAC combined with high-rate contact stabilization process: Performance and mechanism
文章编号: N25120922
期刊: Water Research
作者: Lian Wu, Hang Li, Jinan Zhu, Guang Yang, Yulei Liu, Jun Ma, Lu Wang
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: This study proposed the integration of potassium ferrate (Fe(VI)) in combination with poly-aluminum chloride (PAC) into a high-rate contact stabilization (HRCS) process for simultaneous carbon and phosphorus removal from real domestic wastewater. Results showed that by adding 15 mg/L Fe(VI) (as Fe) for pre-oxidation followed by 20 mg/L PAC (as Al) for coagulation before the HRCS system, the removal efficiency of the whole system for COD and PO₄³⁻-P reached 89.74% and 100%, respectively, and the concentrations of COD and PO₄³⁻-P in the effluent reached the Chinese Class 1A wastewater discharge standard. More importantly, the pathway of COD and phosphorus elimination was extremely different from that of conventional activated sludge process, mainly through adsorption, with adsorption accounting for 86.11% and 100%, respectively. This enhanced adsorption capacity derived from the enhanced flocculation of Fe(VI), the promoted formation of inorganic particles (e.g., FeOOH, Fe₂O₃) and mineral precipitates (e.g., Fe₂PO₄(OH) and Al₂PO₄(OH)₃), the increased secretion of extracellular polymeric substances by the sludge (an increase of 33.20%), and the enrichment of bacterial genera with biosorption function (unclassified_f_Comamonadaceae and Zoogloea) upon exposure to Fe(VI) and PAC. Furthermore, microbial toxicity analyses indicated that applying Fe(VI) and PAC promoted the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the disruption of cell membrane integrity, which reduced microbial activity and made it difficult for microbial degradation of pollutants to facilitate the adsorption of carbon and phosphorus. This study provides theoretical guidance for the application of Fe(VI) to the low-carbon treatment of real domestic wastewater.

62. 题目: Advancing remote sensing of fluorescent dissolved organic matter by removing multi-source interferences in remote sensing reflectance: evidence from the Mackenzie delta
文章编号: N25120921
期刊: Journal of Hydrology
作者: Ruiwu Zhang, Ruru Deng, Jun Ying
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Accurate remote sensing of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (fDOM) is a challenging task due to the interference from multiple signal sources in remote sensing reflectance ( ). To overcome this limitation, we propose a method that isolates fDOM optical signals by systematically removing various interference factors, including atmospheric scattering, surface glint, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF), Raman scattering, and non-algal particle absorption. Using in situ observations from the Mackenzie Delta, we sequentially corrected for these interferences and validated the results with a radiative transfer model. We then developed expressions for three fDOM components (C1, C2, and C3) based on the absorption coefficients of colored dissolved organic matter ( ), and applied the method to MODIS satellite data. The results demonstrate that the removal of multi-source interferences substantially improved the stability of and the accuracy of fDOM signal retrieval, with SIF identified as the dominant interfering factor. Furthermore, and effectively distinguished the three fDOM components without spectral overlap, thereby enhancing retrieval accuracy. The inversion results reveal that C1 and C2 are primarily distributed in nearshore waters and extend offshore, while C3 is concentrated in offshore open waters with gradual attenuation. This spatial distribution pattern highlights the spatiotemporal dynamics of terrestrial organic matter inputs and their suppressive effect on autochthonous DOM production. Overall, the proposed approach enhances the reliability of fDOM remote sensing retrievals and expands its potential applications in large-scale water quality assessment and organic pollution source tracking.

63. 题目: Deprotonated Nanofilms-Enabled Fluorescence-Colorimetric Dual-Mode Sensing of 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone.
文章编号: N25120920
期刊: Analytical Chemistry
作者: Xue Gu, Xinyu Gou, Yan Jiang, Xiangquan Liu, Binbin Zhai, Ruijuan Wen, Zhiyan Ma, Yu Fang
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: 3-Hydroxy-2-butanone (3H2B) is a key gaseous metabolite of Listeria monocytogenes, a potential lung cancer biomarker, and a widely used food flavoring agent, underscoring the demand for real-time monitoring solutions. In this study, we designed a salicylaldehyde-functionalized 1,8-naphthalimide derivative (NI-OH-CHO) and reacted it with 1,3,5-tri(4-aminophenyl)benzene (TAPB) at a liquid/liquid interface to synthesize fluorescent NI-TAPB nanofilms. Upon deprotonation, the nanofilms (NI-TAPB@F) exhibit a reversible and unprecedented fluorescence response to 3H2B. Leveraging this discovery, we developed a fluorescent 3H2B sensor with exceptional performance: ultrahigh sensitivity (detection limit: ∼ 1.8 ppb), rapid response (<8 s), outstanding selectivity, and remarkable stability at room temperature. These advantages stem from the rational design of binding sites and the porous structure of the nanofilms. Furthermore, visual 3H2B detection was achieved using the deprotonated films. Notably, the nanofilms are self-standing, self-adhesive, and flexible, enabling substrate-independent detection by eliminating interference from background color or emission. These properties also facilitate on-site qualitative and quantitative analysis. We anticipate this work will pave the way for the development of portable 3H2B detection devices.

64. 题目: Biochar-Microbe-Hydrogel with Cyclic Hydraulic Leaching Establishing Niches for Integrated Soil-Groundwater Bioremediation
文章编号: N25120919
期刊: Water Research
作者: Deping Li, Wenbo Guo, Xiaoyu Ma, Xinde Cao, Yong Geng, Yi Lang, Hanwen Li, Yanwen Shen, Ling Zhao
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Bioremediation of soil and groundwater contaminated by persistent organic pollutants (e.g., chlorinated organics) using functional bacteria faces inherent challenges, such as competition from indigenous microorganisms (exogenous bacteria is difficult to establish microbial niches in soil) and poor pollutant accessibility. This study developed an integrated strategy that combines Biochar-Microbe-Hydrogel (BMH) matrix with Cyclic Hydraulic Leaching (CHL) for the concurrent bioremediation of soil-groundwater. The BMH is active gel beads encapsulated functional bacteria in porous biochar with hydrogel. The lab-scale soil column experiments demonstrated a 91.4% removal efficiency for 2,4,6-trichloropherol (TCP) from a high contaminated soil concentration of 667 mg·kg^-1, substantially outperforming the controls (53.9%). The water flow by cyclic leaching promoted the elution of TCP from soil, followed by its re-adsorption and subsequent biodegradation in the BMH matrix. The constant proliferated bacteria (in this study we used Sphingomonas fennica as TCP degrading bacteria) migrated through biochar channels, constructing its niches along soil profile. This study also observed that the bacteria S. fennica competed with native soil microorganisms for niches in its high-density existence, but a shift toward cooperation was found at its low microbial abundance. This study provides an integrated bioremediation solution of soil and groundwater (BMH-CHL) that is highly prospective for achieving effective field application.

65. 题目: Biochar and moisture variability shape soil carbon pools via microbial carbon-degrading genes
文章编号: N25120918
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Yue Pan, Tingting Tan, Jie Meng, Hongpeng Guo, Yingbo Dong, Yukui Cui, Na Yu, Xinxin Jin, Yuling Zhang, Hongtao Zou, Nanthi Bolan, Kadambot H M Siddique
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Microbially derived organic carbon is a key component of the soil carbon pool. Shifts in microbial communities and their associated functional genes—triggered by moisture variability and biochar addition—can influence the composition and stability of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the microbial processes involved in SOC formation and degradation under different biochar levels and moisture variability intensities remain clear. To address this, we conducted a 90-day microcosmic incubation using three levels of biochar addition (C0: 0, C1: 1 %, C2: 2 %, w/w) and three moisture regimes (W0: constant moisture, W1: high-intensity variability, W2: low-intensity variability) to analyzed microbial communities, carbohydrase activity, C-degrading genes, and C, N, and P enzyme activities to trace and characterize microbial contributions to SOC formation. The results showed a shift in the dominant soil microbial community from Actinomycetes to Ascomycetes with increasing moisture variability. Microbial biomass carbon increased by 158–900 % relative to C0W0, peaking under C2W1. This stimulation enhanced microbial carbon sequestration under high moisture variability while simultaneously accelerating the decomposition of both plant- and microbial-derived carbon. Biochar addition exerted only a marginal, non-significant inhibitory effect on the decomposition either carbon source (P > 0.05). Functional gene analysis revealed that 62 % of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) targeted plant-derived components significantly exceeding the 38 % targeting microbial-derived components, indicating a significantly stronger degradation potential for plant residues under varying moisture conditions. This process was genetically regulated, as shown by the concurrent increase in of carbon-degrading gene abundance and corresponding enzyme activities. Consequently, microbial activity was efficiently modulated, with carbon use efficiency increasing by up to 767 % compared with the C0W0. Moisture variability and its interaction with biochar significantly (P < 0.05) or highly significantly (P < 0.01) affected these microbial indicators. This study reveals a moisture-driven microbial “carbon pump” operating through coordinating gene–enzyme–community regulation. Within this framework, up-regulated carbon-degrading genes align with enzyme activities to channel plant-derived carbon into stable SOC. The C2W1 treatment achieved the highest SOC stabilization, offering a theoretical basis for managing SOC under extreme climate conditions and advancing mechanistic understanding of microbe-mediated carbon dynamics.

66. 题目: Tracing the contrasting fates of terrestrial and marine organic matter in coastal waters using stable carbon isotopes
文章编号: N25120917
期刊: Marine Pollution Bulletin
作者: Nahyeon Kwon, Hyeong Kyu Kwon, Hyekyung Park, Heejun Han, Kyung-Tae Kim, Jae Seong Lee, Soobin Kim, Guebuem Kim
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: We measured the concentrations of dissolved oxygen, nutrients, particulate (POC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and their δ13C values in Lake Sihwa, Korea, during spring (May 2024) and summer (August 2023) to determine the fates of terrestrial and marine POC and DOC. NO3− mainly originated from freshwater, whereas NH4+ and PO43− were additionally supplied from bottom sediments in the innermost bay. Although POC and DOC originated primarily from biological production and freshwater, respectively, their δ13C values provided further insights into their sources and transformation processes, which could not be inferred from bulk concentrations alone. Based on a two end-member mixing model using δ13C, the spatiotemporal behaviors of terrestrial and marine POC and DOC were identified. Marine POC increased in spring due to enhanced biological production, but decreased markedly in the subsurface layer during summer due to active microbial degradation, contributing to oxygen consumption and the regeneration of nutrients, such as NH4+ and PO43−. In contrast, terrestrial POC remained in the subsurface layer during summer due to sediment resuspension. Marine DOC was influenced by both biological production and microbial transformation of POC, whereas terrestrial DOC remained largely unaltered, potentially being exported to the open ocean. Thus, our results suggest that in-situ produced marine organic matter (OM) and its subsequent degradation contribute more substantially to the regulation of water quality than the direct input of refractory terrestrial OM, while terrestrial OM is more important for the transport to the open ocean.

67. 题目: Amplified radiative effects of coated black carbon aerosols over the Tibetan Plateau
文章编号: N25120916
期刊: Atmospheric Research
作者: Jie Sun, Gang Zhao, Jinyuan Yu, Weili Lin, Yi Chen, Chunxiang Ye, Wenxu Fang, Wenhao Zhou, Baifeng Zhu, Jiawei Yang, Zhijun Wu, Tong Liu, Yicheng Gao, Fengjun Shen, Tong Zhu
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: The Tibetan Plateau (TP) plays a critical role in regional and global climate and warms faster than the global average. Black carbon (BC), the strongest light-absorbing atmospheric aerosol, aging to enhances its light absorption capability (quantified by the absorption enhancement factor, Eabs), thereby amplifying its radiative effects. Quantifying BC Eabs is crucial for understanding the TP's warming but remains scarce due to a lack of in-situ data. This study quantified BC Eabs in situ measurements with a Thermodenuder-coupled Aethalometer at three TP sites: Tibet University (TU, 3650 m, urban-influenced) in Lhasa, Purog Kangri (PK, 4960 m, central remote glacier), Mount Everest (ME, 5260 m, South Asian transport corridor) during the post-monsoon period in 2024. Results show that Eabs is elevated at the remote sites (1.99 ± 0.48 at ME; 1.96 ± 0.56 at PK) compared to that at TU (1.14 ± 0.10). Meteorological analysis suggests that enhanced Eabs at remote sites is due to aged BC from long-range transport, while lower Eabs at TU reflects local emissions of less aged BC. Radiative transfer simulations show that coatings contributed up to 46.7 % of BC's direct radiative effect at PK. These findings provide a valuable dataset and improved understanding of BC radiative effects over the TP, offering an important observational basis for accurately evaluating aerosol radiative effects and their impacts on regional climate change.

68. 题目: Molecular insights into facet-specific interaction mechanism underlying humic acid adsorption on rutile TiO2
文章编号: N25120915
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Jiajun Li, Shishuang Zhang, Yan Xiang, Qiuyi Lu, Lei Xie, Hongbo Zeng
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: The distribution and mobility of rutile nanoparticles in natural environments are profoundly affected by the ubiquitous presence of humic acid (HA), and their interaction promotes the co-transport of heavy metals and organic pollutants, thereby increasing their environmental risk and potential exposure. A quantitative understanding of facet-specific adsorption mechanisms of HA on rutile surfaces is of vital significance but remains elusive. Herein, we quantified the intermolecular interactions between HA and different rutile crystal facets at nano- and atomic scales. HA adsorption exhibited a significant facet-dependent trend: (001) > (110) > (100). Based on atomic force microscope force measurements, the anisotropic adsorption was indicated by HA-rutile interactions, with adhesion energies of ~0.302 mJ/m2 for (100), ~0.573 mJ/m2 for (110), and ~1.942 mJ/m2 for (001). Molecular dynamics further evidenced HA exhibited the strongest Ti-O coordination and hydrogen bond-mediated adsorption on (001) facet, forming a dense interfacial layer with the lowest diffusivity. Moreover, Ti-O coordination energies for representative bidentate ligands were calculated as −154.4, −132.8, and −118.7 kcal/mol on (001), (110), and (100) facets, respectively, based on density functional theory, much higher than hydrogen bonding. Therefore, HA adsorption anisotropy is mainly governed by Ti-O complexation, with hydrogen bonding playing a complementary role. This work provides nano/atom-scale insights into quantitative interactions between HA and rutile crystal facets, advancing the understanding of NOM-mineral interfacial processes in aqueous environment.

69. 题目: Tannic acid regulates electron transfer of iron-biochar composites in immobilized bioreactors for efficient removal of nitrate, nickel, and ibuprofen: Performance and potential mechanisms
文章编号: N25120914
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Tianmeng Li, Xue Li, Junfeng Su, Shuyu Liu, Yihan Bai, Xuru Lu, Xuan Li
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Complex pollution and insufficient carbon-to‑nitrogen ratios are major challenges currently facing wastewater treatment plants. Ferrous-driven denitrification offers an effective solution for treating low carbon-to‑nitrogen (C/N) ratio wastewater, but this process is often constrained by slow electron transfer rates. Therefore, this study prepared a hydrothermally activated tannic acid (TA)-modified iron-biochar composite (TA-Fe-BC). Using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and sodium alginate (SA) as media, the composite was embedded with the bacterial strain Zoogloea sp. ZP7 as a biocarrier to operate a bioreactor. Hydrothermally activated TA generates quinone groups, thereby enhancing electron transfer efficiency. The reactor achieved an excellent nitrate removal efficiency of 97.83 % at HRT = 4 h, C/N = 2, and pH = 7. Furthermore, trace nickel (Ni2+) and ibuprofen (IBP) in wastewater were likely removed primarily through adsorption by microbial-produced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and bio‑iron precipitation. Community analysis indicated that TA-Fe-BC addition promoted Pseudomonadota enrichment. Concurrently, the bioreactor harbored diverse microbial communities performing ferrous oxidation (Dechloromonas, Zoogloea) and iron reduction (Alicycliphilus, Geothrix). KEGG database analysis revealed that TA-Fe-BC promoted the upregulation of genes involved in iron and nitrogen cycling. This study provides a novel approach for the efficient treatment of wastewater with low C/N ratios.

70. 题目: Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil organic carbon at 30 m-resolution in Europe: responses to land cover stability and conversion
文章编号: N25120913
期刊: Ecological Indicators
作者: Shuang Tian, Lifei Wei, Qikai Lu, Zeyang Wei, Yanfei Zhong, Zheng Zhou
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: High-resolution soil organic carbon (SOC) mapping can provide more detailed information on SOC distribution, enabling accurate assessment of the impact of small-scale land cover changes on SOC content within a region. This study provides the first high-resolution (30 m) spatiotemporal SOC maps for 23 European countries. A Voting Regressor (VR) model combining Random Forest (RF), Categorical Boosting (CatBoost), and Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) was used with soil data from the Land Use/Cover Area frame statistical Survey (LUCAS) soil data and environmental factors to predict SOC. This study revealed the differential impacts of land cover conversion types on SOC content, thereby addressing a knowledge gap in quantitatively assessing the carbon effects of land cover changes at the mesoscale regional level. The VR model demonstrated good predictive accuracy, with an R2 ranging from 0.57 to 0.75 and an average of 0.64. It showed a statistically significant improvement over the RF (ΔR2 = +0.11), CatBoost (ΔR2 = +0.10), and LightGBM (ΔR2 = +0.12) models. Furthermore, clay content was identified as the most influential variable in all models. SOC levels exhibited a highly skewed distribution, with the vast majority of areas below 60.00 g kg−1, while isolated extreme values above 300.00 g kg−1 were observed in regions such as northern UK, Ireland, the Scandinavian Peninsula, and the Alps. Despite an overall increasing SOC trend, regions such as north-western Ireland and the UK, southern Italy and Spain, north-western Greece, and northern Scandinavia saw continued SOC losses. Wetlands, grasslands, and forests—especially wetlands—demonstrated high carbon sequestration capacity, while agricultural land had the lowest SOC levels. Land cover conversions significantly influenced SOC: All land cover transitions or stable conditions resulted in statistically significant changes in SOC. Conversion from forest to agriculture caused the largest SOC loss (median decrease of 13.22 g kg−1, P < 0.001), while land abandonment to grassland (increase of 11.14 g kg−1, P < 0.001) and other conversions to grassland (increase of 19.25 g kg−1, P < 0.001) both led to significant SOC gains.

71. 题目: Sequential leaching dynamics of dissolved organic matter from microplastics: Implications for trihalomethane formation and microbial growth potential
文章编号: N25120912
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Xing Wang, Sung Kyu Maeng, Yeon Jung Cho, Kangmin Chon, Yun Kyung Lee, Jin Hur
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Despite extensive studies on the release behavior of microplastics-derived dissolved organic matter (MP-DOM) under continuous leaching, limited attention has been paid to the sequential leaching dynamics that better simulate realistic environmental conditions. Here, four types of microplastics—polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene (PE), polystyrene (PS), and commercial PS (CPS)—were subjected to four sequential extractions under dark and UV irradiation conditions to investigate the evolving characteristics of MP-DOM across different leaching phases. Two important aspects of MP-DOM reactivity were examined: trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) and microbial growth potential . Bio-based PLA exhibited the highest dissolved organic carbon (DOC) release and the fastest leaching rate, while petroleum-based MPs (PE, PS, CPS) showed progressively increasing DOC release under prolonged UV exposure. Phenol/protein-like substances dominated the MP-DOM across all MPs, but their evolution varied by polymer type and leaching condition. Under UV irradiation, PS-DOM exhibited a gradual decline in protein-like components and an increase in aromaticity and humification, whereas PLA-, PE-, and CPS-DOM showed opposite trends. THM precursor leaching was more pronounced than DOC leaching under UV irradiation, with simple aromatic phenol/protein-like substances serving as the major precursors. Principal component analysis further revealed that PLA-DOM was characterized by higher lability and lower THMFP, while petroleum-based MP-DOMs exhibited higher THMFP and reduced microbial activity over time. Overall, this study highlights the dynamic compositional changes of MP-DOM during sequential leaching and their implications for disinfection by-product formation and microbial ecosystem function. These findings provide new insights into the environmental behavior of MP-DOM, emphasizing the need for time-resolved assessments of MP–water interactions.

72. 题目: Waste microalgal biomass-derived biochar electrode for sustainable high-performance supercapacitors: Experimental and computational insights
文章编号: N25120911
期刊: Environmental Technology & Innovation
作者: Zeyad M Abdulhamid, Yazan Abuhasheesh, Mohamed E Daoud, Mahendra Kumar, Dalaver H Anjum, Pau Loke Show, Shadi W Hasan
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Agricultural and algal biomass residues are emerging as promising low-cost feedstocks for energy storage electrodes. In this work, waste Dunaliella salina microalgal biomass was converted into biochar through pyrolysis and directly deposited onto nickel foam to fabricate a binder-free electrode. The biochar electrode exhibited a high specific capacitance of 507.9F/g and maintained 104% retention after 2000 continuous cycles, highlighting excellent electrochemical reversibility in alkaline electrolyte. Complementary density functional theory (DFT) simulations using a nitrogen/oxygen co-doped graphene supercell revealed a strong potassium adsorption energy, partial charge transfer to heteroatom-rich sites, and band structure modifications, including gap opening (0.1861 eV), all indicating enhanced ion affinity and transport. These theoretical findings complement the experimental results, providing a fundamental understanding of the role of heteroatom doping in optimizing electrochemical performance. This work presents a sustainable pathway for developing high-performance electrode materials using microalgal biomass wastes.

73. 题目: Crop rotation impacts on SOC fraction contents and stability: Insights from a global meta-analysis
文章编号: N25120910
期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
作者: Samuel Adingo, Rui Jiang, Zichun Guo, Fahui Jiang, Lei Gao, Jianli Liu, Shuai Liu, Xinhua Peng
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Crop rotation (CR) is widely recognized as a sustainable agricultural practice that enhances soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation and maintains soil health. However, the specific effects of CR on distinct SOC fractions and SOC stability in cropland soils remain largely unexplored. We synthesized 44 studies comprising 196 paired observations from Asia, Africa, and Europe to quantify CR effects on SOC fraction contents (particulate organic carbon, POC, and mineral-associated organic carbon, MAOC), as well as its stability across climate-soil-management contexts. Relative to continuous monocropping (MC), CR increased SOC, POC, and MAOC contents by 11.83 %, 23.56 %, and 8.57 %, respectively, and on average increased the SOC stability (indicated by POC/MAOC ratio, hereafter P/M) by 16.25 %, indicating a larger labile share at the global mean. However, subgroup analysis reveals conditions under which CR reduced the P/M ratio. Notably, CR increased SOC and its fractions but tended to reduce the P/M ratios at high temperatures and in humid regions. CR increased SOC and MAOC in acidic soils, while it enhanced POC in neutral soils relative to MC. Positive effects of CR on SOC, its fractions, and stability were observed in high initial SOC and loamy soils for POC and clayey soils for SOC, MAOC, and SOC stability. The opposite trend was observed in low initial SOC and sandy soils. The random forest results showed that changes in SOC fractions were predominantly regulated by climatic factors, while MAOC, POC, and the P/M ratio were more responsive to soil properties and agronomic practices, respectively. These findings argue for region-specific, diversified rotations paired with practices that channel inputs into MAOC to lower the P/M ratio. Incorporating the P/M ratio into monitoring, reporting, and verification complements total stock accounting by identifying systems that build durable carbon.

74. 题目: Biochar and salinity alter microbial composition and diversity mediated by cadmium availability in coastal salt-affected soils
文章编号: N25120909
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Xuehui Zhang, Junhong Bai, Yuqian Xiao, Jichen Qiu, Qiongqiong Lu
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Biochar amendment has promising remediation potential for cadmium (Cd) contamination in coastal salt-affected soils, which has been given increasing concerns. However, the mechanisms underlying the interactive effects of plant-derived biochar and salinity on Cd fractions and soil microbial community composition, diversity in low Cd-contaminated coastal salt-affected soils remain unclear. Here, we conducted a soil incubation experiment amended with Spartina alterniflora-derived biochar (SB) or Phragmites australis-derived biochar (PB) under three salinity levels (1.5 ‰, 5 ‰, and 10 ‰) to explore their effects on Cd fractions, bacterial and fungal community structure and diversity in coastal soils with Cd concentration of 0.3 mg·kg−1. The results illustrated that the addition of both types of biochar facilitated Cd immobilization, with a decrease in the proportion of Fesingle bondMn oxide-bound Cd (15.93 %) and an increase in residual Cd (17.86 %). Additionally, in all the salinity treatments, compared with the control treatment, SB addition significantly decreased the alpha diversity of soil bacteria, whereas PB addition increased the alpha diversity (p < 0.05). Compared with the control treatment, SB and PB additions increased fungal abundance, with a much greater increase in response to PB addition than to SB addition. Higher salinity treatments (10 ‰) caused a fungal diversity loss by 17.42–22.65 %, regardless of SB or PB addition. Mantel's test and redundancy analysis demonstrated that electrical conductivity, pH, and available Cd were the key drivers shaping microbial communities along with the salinity gradient (p < 0.05). Moreover, piecewise structural equation model (SEM) identified that salinity directly and strongly suppressed fungal diversity, while SB indirectly mediated fungal community variations by altering Cd availability. The sequestration of Cd by organic matter served as an effective detoxification mechanism for the environment, which seemingly promoted the recruitment and proliferation of saprotrophic fungi. Conclusively, these findings highlight the importance of feedstock selection of biochar in balancing soil contaminant immobilization with soil ecological health, and provide mechanistic insights into biochar- and salinity-mediated microbial regulation for low Cd-contaminated soil remediation in coastal regions.

75. 题目: Organic fertilization improves activities of phosphomonoesters hydrolase in rhizosphere to facilitate phosphorus acquisition in cucumber and accumulates organic phosphorus in soil
文章编号: N25120908
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Bingshuang Wang, Yuan Wang, Xihe Zhang, Xiaodan Hu, Shujun Li, Yifei Sun, Yang Wang, Yan Sun, Ziwei Dai, Yunsheng Lou, Rong Li, Guohua Xu, Lixuan Ren
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Organic fertilizers contain organic nutrients, which could not be utilized by roots unless it is mineralized to release inorganic forms. However, it is unclear how crop roots response to organic fertilizer (OF) application on phosphorus (P) utilization. The objective of this experiment is to study the crop yield by changing root metabolism to utilize organic P in organic fertilizer application. The experiment of OF and BOF application was conducted in OF and BOF continuous positioning field. The results showed that OF which made from swine and dairy manure contains 7–15 % organic phosphorus (Po), in which phosphomonoesters were 6–13 % and myo-inositol phosphates (InsPs) was 2–6 %. Applications of OF and BOF improved organic phosphorus such as phosphomonoesters and InsPs proportion in soil. The APase and phytase activities in roots enhanced and those in rhizospheric soil improved in cucumber on the condition of OF and BOF application. OF and BOF application increased available P concentrations in rhizospheric soil and phosphate concentration in leaves and roots in cucumber. OF and BOF application increased total P content in roots in cucumber. OF application improved the yield of cucumber. In conclusion, OF contains Po of phosphomonoesters and InsPs. OF application improves phosphomonoesters and InsPs in soil, which induce APase and phytase activities in roots and in rhizospheric soil to facilitate Po hydrolysis releasing Pi for absorption by plant roots and accumulation in soil. OF application improves available P concentration in soil and P content in plant to improve crop yield.

76. 题目: Soil enzyme-catalyzed humification of phenolic compounds: implications for the environmental fate and risk of emerging contaminants
文章编号: N25120907
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Yang Song, Tongjun Wu, Xinbo Zhang, Zeyou Chen, Anping Peng
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Emerging contaminants (ECs), such as pharmaceuticals, endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), and microplastics, increasingly accumulate in soils, posing ecological and health risks. Phenolic compounds, derived from natural and anthropogenic sources, undergo enzyme-mediated humification that governs interactions with co-occurring ECs. This review systematically evaluates multidisciplinary studies to elucidate enzyme-driven phenolic transformations and their influence on ECs dynamics, with emphasis on oxidative enzymes (e.g., phenol oxidase, laccase) that catalyze lignin-like polymerization. Evidence regarding the generation of reactive intermediates and humic polymers, and their regulatory roles in adsorption, degradation, mobility, and persistence of ECs, is synthesized. Representative case studies illustrate the environmental implications of these processes. Results show that phenolic humification produces radical intermediates and humic substances (HS) enriched with redox-active and functional groups, which modulate ECs speciation, enhance degradation or transformation pathways, and alter transport in soils. Humic polymers function as both sorbents and carriers, exerting dual effects on risk propagation. Enzyme activity, substrate availability, and soil physicochemical conditions are critical factors controlling these interactions. Overall, soil enzyme-catalyzed humification of phenolic compounds plays a central role in shaping ECs behavior and ecological risks. Elucidating these mechanisms provides a scientific foundation for risk assessment and supports the integration of enzymatic processes into predictive models and remediation practices for sustainable management of ECs.

77. 题目: Biosynthesized amorphous FeS/biochar composite for enhanced Fenton-like degradation of sulfamethoxazole
文章编号: N25120906
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Junpei Ye, Yixu Song, Hui Xu, Tiantian Li, Xiaojuan Su, Qingyan Wang, Xin Zhao, Xiaoya Liu, Jinghua Li
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Sulfamethoxazole (SMX), a synthetic antibiotic, is widely used in both prophylactic and therapeutic applications. Its persistence and accumulation in the environment, owing to its recalcitrant nature, pose significant pollution challenges. Addressing antibiotic-laden wastewater, a major source of pollution, requires effective strategies, and advanced oxidation processes play a crucial role. This study utilized biosynthesized amorphous iron sulfide for the Fenton-like oxidation of antibiotic-laden wastewater. FeSam was biosynthesized using sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and simultaneously loaded onto biochar (BC) to form an FeS/BC composite. The synthesis conditions, including the S/Fe ratio, SRB inoculum, and cultivation time, were optimized. Material characterization indicated that amorphous FeS was the predominant species in FeSam and FeS/BC, with minor amounts of crystalline FeS. Both FeSam and FeS/BC exhibited excellent SMX degradation performance. For Fenton-like oxidation with 0.5 g/L FeS/BC and 2.5 mmol/L H2O2, SMX removal was 85.05 % at 5 min and 96.42 % at equilibrium. Hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and superoxide radicals (·O2−) were identified, with ·OH being the dominant species. Three potential degradation pathways for SMX were identified. The biosynthesis of amorphous FeS on BC inhibited particle agglomeration, reduced H2O2 consumption, and enhanced the stability and reusability of the composite. The BC substrate effectively inhibited the agglomeration of amorphous FeS and provided adsorption sites for SMX molecules. The FeS/BC adsorption of SMX followed the Langmuir-Freundlich model, involving physisorption (dominant) and chemisorption. The exothermic adsorption process was spontaneous but weak, indicating that oxidation was the primary removal mechanism. The biosynthesized FeS/BC offers a favorable adsorption and degradation strategy for the oxidative removal of SMX.

78. 题目: Dissolved black carbon input reshapes molecular phototransformation and fate of dissolved organic matter at the soil-water interface
文章编号: N25120905
期刊: Water Research
作者: Yuan Cheng, Zhizhi Pan, Jitao Lv, Dong Cao, Hao Sun, Lei Luo, Zhengang Liu
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: Dissolved black carbon (DBC) constitutes an important marine dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool through both natural and anthropogenic sources. Upon entering the soil, DBC undergoes sorption reactions and substantially alters the molecular composition of DOM in the environment. However, how the altered DOM affects its photoreactivity and molecular composition before being integrated into the marine environment remains poorly understood. Here, we traced the sorption of two distinct DBCs (pyrolyzed at 300 °C and 500 °C) at the soil-water interface and their effects on the photoreactions and molecular variations of DOM in the environment using Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry coupled with optical spectral analyses. The DBCs after the sorption decreased their condensed aromatics and N-containing compounds while competitively displacing O-rich lignins and tannins from soil organic matter. The molecular composition changes significantly reshaped their photoreactivity. Specifically, the derived DOMs exhibited up to 3.7-time higher formation rates (r) and apparent quantum yield (Φ) of photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRIs), including 3DOM*, 1O2, and •OH, than pristine DBCs and soil indigenous DOM except for the ΦPPRIs of DBC500. The O-rich macromolecules from soil organic matter and small aromatics from DBCs controlled the derived DOMs’ rPPRIs and ΦPPRIs under light irradiation and thus their stability and fate. After photoreactions, both pristine DBC and derived DOM samples significantly reduced their aromaticity, molecular weight, and redox activity. These molecular alterations represented a transition from aromatic-rich terrestrial DOM toward aliphatic-dominated marine DOM characteristics. These findings provide insightful clues for understanding how DBC input affects the molecular transformation and fate of DOM during its traverse through terrestrial to aquatic environments and bridge the molecular evolution gaps of DBC along the critical zones of the global carbon cycle.

79. 题目: The sources and export mechanisms of dissolved organic carbon in pore water of a mangrove swamp revealed by dual carbon isotopes
文章编号: N25120904
期刊: Catena
作者: Peng Xia, Xianen Luo, Bingshuai Liu, Yao Zhang, Xianwei Meng, Jun Du
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: The export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) via pore water exchange plays a crucial role in the carbon cycling of mangrove ecosystems. Less is known regarding the DOC sources and age composition, which directly limits the assessment of its bioavailability and cycling efficiency. DOC concentrations, sedimentary organic carbon (SOC) contents, and their dual carbon isotopes (δ13C and Δ14C) were analyzed in three sediment cores collected along a tidal elevation gradient in a mangrove swamp, southern China. The results showed that DOC concentrations and SOC contents ranged from 4439 μM to 31551 μM (9527 ± 5999 μM) and 1.4–2.3 % (1.8 ± 0.3 %), respectively. The δ13CDOC values (−28.3 ± 1.5 ‰) were significantly more negative than those of δ13CSOC (−26.2 ± 0.5 ‰), confirming the presence of more 13C-depleted sources (i.e., root exudates, −30.9 ± 0.6 ‰). Δ14CDOC values, ranging from −40 ‰ (265 yr BP) to 23 ‰, showed more 14C-depletion by −63 ± 17 ‰ than the corresponding Δ14CSOC (13–206 ‰, bomb 14C signals), suggesting the infiltration of aged seawater (−176 ± 3 ‰, 1500 ± 20 yr BP). Relative contributions to pore water DOC were calculated as 57 ± 13 % from root exudates, 28 ± 10 % from SOC decomposition products, and 14 ± 6 % from infiltrated seawater, based on a three-endmember mixing model. Lower DOC concentrations, coupled with more 14C-depleted values, were observed in the upper layers (0–20 cm) and the high tidal flat, indicating that tidally driven hydraulic gradients are a key facilitator of DOC export. Intriguingly, there was no significant change in the vertical distributions of seawater contributions to DOC, suggesting a substantial influence of biological activities, such as crab burrows. These findings will significantly improve our understanding of DOC bioavailability and cycling efficiency in mangrove ecosystems.

80. 题目: Long-term peat organic matter stability influenced by botanical composition and oceanic bromide inputs
文章编号: N25120903
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Alessandra C Leri, Julie Loisel, Iris Parke, Ashley P Pavia, Bruce Ravel, Paul Northrup, Yina Liu
更新时间: 2025-12-09
摘要: The geochemical recalcitrance of peat organic matter (OM) is often indexed by its proportion of aromatic organic carbon. The factors leading to the enrichment and stabilization of aromatic moieties in peat are poorly understood. Hypothesizing that source vegetation and natural halogenation contribute to aromatic recalcitrance, we paired plant macrofossil analysis with infrared and Br K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy of four Patagonian peat cores from different ecohydrological environments that have undergone a fen-to-bog transition. Aromatic abundance is positively correlated with herbaceous materials and anticorrelated with Sphagnum moss. All Br in the peat is bonded toaromatic carbon. This organobromine, which is not solvent-extractable, becomes enriched alongside aromatic and herbaceous content for several thousand years after burial, suggesting that brominated aromatic polymers confer stability on millennial scales. In the cores with the longest records, peat organobromine concentration increases from 14,000 to ∼7500 years before present, contemporaneous with early-Holocene sea level rise. We use spectroscopic evidence to rule out downcore debromination in favor of the implication that lower bromide deposition yielded less organobromine during the early Holocene. Br content in coastal peat may therefore serve as a geochemical marker for post-glacial increases in sea level. These results demonstrate that both marine-derived Br and botanical factors affect the relative quantity and stabilization of aromatic structures in peat OM. Rising sea levels could stimulate further organobromine production in coastal peatlands, enhancing long-term preservation of aromatic carbon in peat OM.