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101. 题目: Green synthesis of ultramicroporous carbons by in-situ ionic activation of coal-derived humic acids for efficient CH4/N2 separation
文章编号: N25031404
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Chujie Zhang, Yugao Wang, Jiaxin Jing, Jinping Li, Jiangfeng Yang
更新时间: 2025-03-14
摘要: Coal-based porous carbon usually has broad pore size distribution, and it remains a major challenge for achieving controllable and optimized pore size distributions in the ultramicroporous (<0.7 nm) range. In this work, coal-derived humic acid-based carbons (HACs) were successfully synthesized by in-situ ionic activation, which consumed much less KOH than the traditional KOH activation method, demonstrating environmentally friendly advantages. The prepared HACs were characterized by the concentrated ultramicroporous pore size distribution. Importantly, ultramicroporous pore size of HACs could be controlled at the sub-angstrom level by slightly adjusting the KOH amount. Dynamic breakthrough experiments and PSA process simulations strongly demonstrated the superior and applicable separation performance of HACs for CH₄/N₂ mixtures. The investigation extends the application of in-situ ionic activation in coal-based materials and provides a cheap, green, and efficient coal-based adsorbent for low-concentration coalbed methane enrichment.

102. 题目: Clumped 13C–13C isotopes of ethane from laboratory pyrolysis of kerogen: Implications for intramolecular 13C distributions
文章编号: N25031403
期刊: Organic Geochemistry
作者: Koudai Taguchi, Yuichiro Ueno, Alexis Gilbert, Xiaoqiang Li, Juske Horita
更新时间: 2025-03-14
摘要: The clumped isotope geochemistry of 13C–13C bonding offers a valuable tool for distinguishing the formation processes of ethane (C2H6) and its thermogenic and abiotic origins. Thermogenic ethane is characterized by isotope distributions that are nearly in thermodynamic equilibrium, whereas abiotic ethane is governed by kinetic isotope effects during C–C bond synthesis. 13C–13C ordering in thermogenic ethane varies with the source organic material, but limited studies on ethane clumped isotopes from natural gases restrict our understanding of these signatures. To address this, we performed pyrolysis experiments at 310–470 °C on various immature kerogens from the Eocene Green River Formation (Type I), Upper Devonian–Lower Mississippian Woodford Shale (Type II), and Pennsylvanian Springfield Coal Member (Type III). The ethane-clumped isotope compositions aligned with those of natural gas samples and varied based on the starting kerogen’s isotope composition. We propose a thermogenic model that describes isotopic systematics, including 13C–13C variations in the pyrolysis product ethane, driven by (i) combinatorial isotope effect during C–C bond breaking and (ii) intramolecular isotopic heterogeneity in the starting kerogen. Isotopic and clumped isotope variations suggest a zigzag isotopic pattern in kerogen alkyl chains, similar to that seen in biological fatty acids. We could extend the model to position-specific (PS) isotope signatures in propane, showing that intramolecular isotopic heterogeneity in kerogens also affect PS isotopes, alongside structural heterogeneity, such as isoprenoid versus alkyl. Overall, our findings demonstrate that 13C–13C clumping is a ubiquitous signature for thermogenic ethane, with variations reflecting isotopic information of the original organic matter.

103. 题目: Hidden decomposers: Revisiting saprotrophy among soil protists and its potential impact on carbon cycling
文章编号: N25031402
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: François Maillard, Fredrik Klinghammer, Vincent E J Jassey, Bowen Zhang, Peter G Kennedy, Enrique Lara, Stefan Geisen, Lars Tranvik, Edith Hammer, Anders Tunlid
更新时间: 2025-03-14
摘要: Soil protists are increasingly recognized as key players in organic matter turnover, yet their role as direct decomposers (i.e., saprotrophs) remains underexplored compared to that of bacteria and fungi. Here, we synthesize ecological, physiological, and genomic evidence to highlight the potential of protists to actively decompose organic matter and influence soil carbon cycling. We distinguish two saprotrophic strategies within protists—lysotrophic (extracellular) and phagotrophic (intracellular)—with the latter being unique to protists among microbial decomposers. By directly ingesting particulate or dissolved organic matter, phagotrophic saprotrophic protists may bypass constraints associated with extracellular decomposition, potentially providing an advantage in breaking down recalcitrant substrates. In contrast, lysotrophic saprotrophy in protists involves the secretion of enzymes, similar to bacterial and fungal decomposers. We propose that integrating protist saprotrophy into conceptual and quantitative models of soil organic matter decomposition could address critical knowledge gaps. This integration involves employing functional genomics and functional ecology methodologies to determine, in vitro, the capacity of protists to function as saprotrophs, elucidate the genetic pathways underpinning saprotrophic activities, and assess, in situ, their direct contributions to organic matter decomposition processes. Ultimately, a clearer view of the organic matter decomposition capacities of soil protists will refine our understanding of microbial-driven carbon fluxes.

104. 题目: Simultaneous adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on biochar from sewage sludge
文章编号: N25031401
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: Natiele Kleemann, Andrei Igansi, Nauro Silveira, Luiz Pinto, Tito Cadaval, Jean Arias, Sergiane Barbosa, Ednei Primel, Adilson Bamberg
更新时间: 2025-03-14
摘要:

PAHs are organic pollutants of great environmental persistence. This study produced biochar of sewage sludge from a treatment plant and used it as an adsorbent in a complex system containing 16 priority PAHs. The biochar was characterized by the morphology and elemental composition (SEM/EDS), specific surface area, and pore size using N₂ adsorption–desorption (BET/BJH), crystallinity (DRX), functional groups (FTIR), and thermogravimetric degradation (DSC/DTG). The dosage effect showed that 90% of the PAHs were removed when SSB was 2 g L⁻¹. Kinetic assays were performed using different SSB dosages. The most adequate model to represent the kinetic results was the Elovich. The adsorption capacity and removal percentage of the 16 emerging organic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons cited by the US EPA were evaluated individually. The highest adsorption capacity was verified for fluoranthene, pyrene, and phenanthrene, respectively, evidencing the electivity of this material for these compounds.

Graphical

105. 题目: A microbially driven and depth-explicit soil organic carbon model constrained by carbon isotopes to reduce parameter equifinality
文章编号: N25031310
期刊: Biogeosciences
作者: Marijn Van de Broek, Gerard Govers, Marion Schrumpf, Johan Six
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: . Over the past years, microbially driven models have been developed to improve simulations of soil organic carbon (SOC) and have been put forward as an improvement to assess the fate of SOC stocks under environmental change. While these models include a better mechanistic representation of SOC cycling compared to cascading-reservoir-based approaches, the complexity of these models implies that data on SOC stocks are insufficient to constrain the additional model parameters. In this study, we constructed a novel depth-explicit SOC model (SOILcarb – Simulation of Organic carbon and its Isotopes by Linking carbon dynamics in the rhizosphere and bulk soil) that incorporates multiple processes influencing the δ13C and Δ14C values of SOC. This was used to assess if including data on the δ13C and Δ14C values of SOC during parameter optimisation reduces model equifinality, the phenomenon that multiple parameter combinations lead to a similar model output. To do so, we used SOILcarb to simulate depth profiles of total SOC and its δ13C and Δ14C values. The results show that when the model is calibrated based on only SOC stock data, the residence time of subsoil organic carbon (OC) is not simulated correctly, thus effectively making the model of limited use to predict SOC stocks driven by, for example, environmental changes. Including data on δ13C in the calibration process reduced model equifinality only marginally. In contrast, including data on Δ14C in the calibration process resulted in simulations of the residence time of subsoil OC being consistent with measurements while reducing equifinality only for model parameters related to the residence time of OC associated with soil minerals. Multiple model parameters could not be constrained even when data on both δ13C and Δ14C were included. Our results show that equifinality is an important phenomenon to consider when developing novel SOC models or when applying established ones. Reducing uncertainty caused by this phenomenon is necessary to increase confidence in predictions of the soil carbon–climate feedback in a world subject to environmental change.

106. 题目: Comparison of Machine Learning and Geostatistical Methods on Mapping Soil Organic Carbon Density in Regional Croplands and Visualizing Its Location-Specific Dominators via Interpretable Model
文章编号: N25031309
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Bifeng Hu, Yibo Geng, Yi Lin, Hanjie Ni, Modian Xie, Nan Wang, Jie Hu, Qian Zou, Songchao Chen, Yin Zhou, Hongyi Li, Zhou Shi
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: High-precision soil organic carbon density (SOCD) map is significant for understanding ecosystem carbon cycles and estimating soil organic carbon storage. However, the current mapping methods are difficult to balance accuracy and interpretability, which brings great challenges to the mapping of SOCD. In the present research, a total of 6223 soil samples were collected, along with data pertaining to 30 environmental covariates, from agricultural land located in the Poyang Lake Plain of Jiangxi Province, southern China. Furthermore, ordinary kriging (OK), geographically weighted regression (GWR), random forest (RF), and empirical Bayesian kriging (EBK), along with three hybrid models (RF-OK, RF-EBK, RF-GWR), were constructed. These models were used to map the SOCD (soil organic carbon density) in the study region with a high resolution of 30 m. After that, shapley additive explanations (SHAP) were used to quantify the global contribution and spatially identify the dominant factors that influence SOCD variation. The study outcomes suggested that compared to the single geostatistics model and hybrid model, the RF method emerged as the most effective predictive model, showcasing superior performance (coefficient of determination (R²) = 0.44, root mean squared error (RMSE) = 0.61 kg m⁻², Lin's concordance coefficient (LCCC) = 0.58). Using the SHAP, we found that soil properties contributed the most to the prediction of global SOCD (81.67%). At the pixel level, total nitrogen dominated 50.33% of the farmland, followed by parent material (8.11%), available silicon (8.00%), and mean annual precipitation (5.71%), and the remaining variables accounted for less than 5.50%. In summary, our study offered valuable enlightenment toward achieving a balance between accuracy and interpretability of digital soil mapping, and deepened our understanding of the spatial variation of farmland SOCD.

107. 题目: A comprehensive review on biochar-based materials for the safe utilization and remediation of heavy metal-contaminated agricultural soil and associated mechanisms
文章编号: N25031308
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Limiao Ye, Guangkuo Gao, Fayun Li, Yafei Sun, Shiyan Yang, Qin Qin, Jun Wang, Naling Bai, Yong Xue, Lijuan Sun
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: Heavy metal pollution of soil poses a serious threat to the agricultural industry. As a carbon-rich material with high adsorption sites, biochar has received much in the safety use or remediation of heavy metal contaminated agricultural soil. This paper provided a comprehensive overview on the application of biochar in agricultural soil remediation and its related mechanisms. Firstly, the production and modification methods of biochar were introduced. Secondly, the physical and chemical mechanism of heavy metal adsorption by biochar was comprehensively discussed. Thirdly, the heavy metal passivation principles by biochar and factors influencing the passivation efficiency were summarized, including soil pH, environmental temperature, humidity, soil redox potential. Finally, the potential risk of contaminates leaching during the long term application of biochar and future challenges for the wide use of biochar was proposed. This review offers comprehensive and valuable insights for the green and economy agricultural soil remediation technology based on biochar materials and promotes its widely application.

108. 题目: Enhancing acidic gas adsorption of biochar through alkali waste liquid and surfactant modification
文章编号: N25031307
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Yanyuan Bai, Miaoxin Jiao, Jintao Cui, Xudong Ma, Yungang Wang, Zhi Ye, Jiacheng Li, Haoran Xiu
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: This study investigates the potential application of biomass-derived activated carbon for the capture and sequestration of CO₂ and the dry adsorption of SO₂ for sulfur recovery. To address the challenge of producing high-performance activated carbon without relying on expensive and environmentally harmful high-purity chemical reagents, the research proposes using PVC alkaline washing waste as an alternative activating agent. Coconut shells were selected as the raw material, and a two-stage heating method was employed to produce high-performance activated carbon. The preparation conditions were optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), resulting in an activated carbon (AC) with a surface area of 1680 m² g⁻¹. The maximum CO₂ and SO₂ adsorption capacities of the AC were found to be 0.843 mmol/g and 0.225 mmol/g, respectively. To enhance these adsorption capacities, two surface modification agents, ammonia solution and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), were applied to the activated carbon. Among them, the ammonia-modified activated carbon (MAC-1) exhibited the best CO₂ adsorption performance under dry conditions, with a CO₂ adsorption capacity of 2.73 mmol/g at 30 °C and 100 % CO₂ concentration. MAC-2, on the other hand, demonstrated enhanced chemical adsorption capacity in the presence of steam due to the surface activation of its ion micelle layer by the steam, highlighting the role of steam in promoting chemical adsorption of CO₂. In SO₂ adsorption experiments, MAC-2 showed the highest adsorption capacity across various SO₂ concentrations, and its chemical adsorption ability was further enhanced in the presence of steam. The CO₂ and SO₂ adsorption regeneration experiments revealed that both activated carbons retained over 70 % of their CO₂ adsorption capacity after 10 adsorption-regeneration cycles and over 80 % of their SO₂ adsorption capacity after 5 cycles. This research provides valuable insights into the application of biomass-based activated carbon for capturing acidic gases in complex industrial settings.

109. 题目: Polyaluminium chloride surprisingly facilitated microbial activity in sludge biodrying through EPS solubilization
文章编号: N25031306
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Benqin Yang, Linjun Feng, Yanqing Zhao, Yongli Wen, Lijuan Yin, Zhirong Xu, Hongyang Zhai, Qian Yang, Hao Yang, Xuejun Pan, Wei Jin
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: Polyaluminium chloride (PAC) is a widely utilized coagulant in sludge dewatering process, where it tends to accumulate in significant quantities and is reported to have biotoxicity. As a green and energy-efficient technology for sludge reduction and stabilization, biodrying process evaporates the water contained in dewatered sludge with the metabolic heat from microbial degradation of sludge organics, while there were little studies considering the effect of PAC accumulation on sludge biodrying. Thus, this study comprehensively evaluated the effect of PAC on biodrying process, with revealing the involved mechanisms. Results showed that the accumulated PAC in dewatered sludge contrarily facilitated the microbial activity in sludge biodrying, evidencing by the increased enzymatic activity and viable bacteria. Specially, the addition of PAC to excess sludge loosened the sludge aggregates and promoted the EPS solubilization, thus lowered the binding forces of water molecules and increased the bioavailable substances in dewatered sludge. Especially the reduced extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) decreased the sludge particle size distribution, with 19.61-34.91% reduction of big particles (>4.00 mm) while 18.04-39.68% increase of small particles (<1.70 mm). This benefited the oxygen transfer in sludge biodrying process, thus facilitated the microbial activity, together with the more abundant bioavailable organics.

110. 题目: Interaction Mechanism of Biochar Dissolved Organic Matter (BDOM) and Tetracycline for Environmental Remediation
文章编号: N25031305
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Yun Zhu, Jinlong Yan, Fengfeng Sui, Hui Wang, Guixiang Quan, Liqiang Cui
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: The persistent organic pollutant of water by residual antibiotics, particularly tetracycline, posed serious environmental and health risks. Biochar dissolved organic matter (BDOM) sorbed pollutants and mitigated migration and transformation. This study investigates the binding interaction mechanisms between BDOM and tetracycline under varying pyrolysis temperatures biochars and pH, with fluorescence quenching techniques. The influence of biochar pyrolysis temperature on tetracycline adsorption behavior by BDOM-tetracycline was also researched. The key results revealed that higher pyrolysis temperatures and lower solution pH enhanced the binding affinity of BDOM for tetracycline, which was mainly attributed to increased aromaticity and reduced oxygen-containing functional groups. The hydrophobic forces of biochar dominated the interaction, with positive enthalpy (ΔH) and entropy (ΔS) values confirming an endothermic, entropy-driven process. The BDOM modified the mobility and bioavailability of tetracycline in the process of environmental pollution remediation, which not only enhances plant growth, but also mitigates ecological risks.

111. 题目: Effects of different natural organic matter on catalytic properties of green rust: Mechanism and environmental significance
文章编号: N25031304
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Jianguo Yang, Qingping Du, Xiaolu Jiang, Quanyun Ye, Pengfei Lv, Dong Zeng, Peiran Li, Wencheng Wu, Dechun He
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: Natural organic matter (NOM) has an important impact on the environmental behaviors of iron minerals, such as green rust (GR), however, NOM with different types and concentrations on these phenomena and mechanisms are still limited. This study explored effects of two common NOM (humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA)) on the physicochemical properties of GR as well as the catalytic degradation of Bisphenol F (BPF). Results indicated that both HA and FA had a critical impact on the mineralization process and catalytic performance of GR, and the impact was concentration-dependent. High concentration of NOM inhibited the GR crystallization, accompanied by changing the surface structure from lamellar to porous, while reducing the degradation efficiency of BPF. Low concentration of NOM modified the morphology of GR into a petal-like shape, which increased surface oxygen vacancies and charge transfer, more importantly, facilitated the reduction of Fe(III) in GR. As a result, the production of reactive oxygen species, such as hydroxyl radicals (•OH), superoxide anions (O₂•⁻), and singlet oxygen (¹O₂) was increased. O₂•⁻ and •OH were identified as the primary ROS for enhancing the degradation of BPF. Humic-like substances and tyrosine of NOM played an important role in promoting the reduction of Fe(III).

112. 题目: Potential of biochar from urban kitchens biogas residue as a persulfate activator and its nonradical degradation of sulfadiazine
文章编号: N25031303
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Ming Lei, Siyu Li, Dongyang Li, Bingfei Yan, Zhifei Ma, Cheng Cheng, Tianxue Yang, Daishe Wu
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: In this study, a catalyst was derived from biogas residue through acid treatment. The comparative analysis involved assessing the degradation rates of a single catalyst, a catalyst driven by persulfate (PDS), and direct oxidation of sulfadiazine (SDZ). Acid-modified and heat-treated biogas residue (A@HBR) activated the persulfate system to degrade SDZ by 95.51% within 120 min, exceeding the 59.89% and 30.21% achieved by the individual biochar A@HBR and individual PDS systems, respectively. Experimental data from electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and free radical quenching indicated that surface-bound free radicals, singlet oxygen, and electron transfer pathways contributed to the degradation mechanism of the A@HBR/PDS system, with singlet oxygen playing a dominant role in this context. Interference factors (pH, temperature, anion, etc.) had a minimal impact on the degradation process while demonstrating good environmental adaptability in complex water environments as well as recycling experiments-thus presenting a potential scheme for resource utilization of agricultural and forestry solid wastes.

113. 题目: Interaction and driving factors influencing microplastics and dissolved organic matter in the hyporheic ecosystem of the Jinghe River Basin under different land-use types
文章编号: N25031302
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Yuting Zhang, Bingjie Li, Zeyu Chen, Jiayuan Feng, Jinxi Song, Yongqing Long, Myint Myint Nyein, Bawa Precious Tani, Mengyang Yang
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: Microplastics (MPs) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) interact and participate in natural carbon cycling in hyporheic ecosystems. Existing research has mainly examined the effects of different land-use types on DOM; the interaction between MPs and DOM across land-use types remains unclear. This study investigated the interactions and driving factors influencing MPs and DOM in sediments under different land-use patterns. The results revealed that the Jinghe River Basin was dominated by weakly alkaline siliceous gravel and sand. DOM characteristics showed strong spatial heterogeneity between anthropogenic and natural land uses. The main MPs were fibrous, blue and ≤500 µm, and the abundance of MPs ≥2000 µm in anthropogenic land was higher than those in mixed and natural land. Statistical analyses showed that the land use type directly determined the differences in the fractions of DOM, and sand and MPs ≥2000 µm were the main factors influencing DOM concentration. Release and adsorption were the main interaction mechanisms between DOM and MPs, which were driven by surrounding environmental factors, different land-use types, and MP characteristics. These findings provide a reference for further research on the complex interactions between MPs and DOM in aquatic environments and theoretical support for carbon cycle modelling in hyporheic ecosystems.

114. 题目: Bimetallic CuFe2O4 photocatalytic activates persistent free radicals and accelerates electron transfer in biochar: efficient degradation of tetracycline
文章编号: N25031301
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Jiahui Wen, Yating Long, Liangdi Zhu, Liang Zeng, Xu Qin, Sirong Song, Manxia Lu, Lanqing Deng
更新时间: 2025-03-13
摘要: Water pollution has become an urgent issue around the world, antibiotic residues in water result in health or environmental problems worldwide. In order to address the key issues of low catalytic efficiency, poor stability, and low visible light utilization in the current photocatalytic treatment of recalcitrant organic pollutants in water, bimetallic CuFe₂O₄/ABC was successfully obtained from extracted Astragalus residue and used for degradation of tetracycline under visible light. First, the bimetallic active centers (Fe and Cu) enhanced the separation of charge carriers under visible light. Then, Fe and Cu active centers activated and enhanced the production of persistent free radicals (PFRs) in biochar. Fe²⁺ and Cu⁺ in the bimetallic active centers transferred e^- to O₂ to promote the formation of •O₂^-, which efficiently degraded tetracycline (94.89%) without H₂O₂. Notably, the persistent free radicals (PFRs) served as intrinsic electron reservoirs. By donating electrons derived from oxidized C-C bonds to Fe/Cu centers.

115. 题目: Spatial interrelationships between soil organic carbon and plant diversity at multiple scales within China’s largest archipelago
文章编号: N25031206
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Zhenhang Liu, Yuan Chi, Yubing Qu, Zuolun Xie, Zhiwei Zhang, Lvyin Ouyang
更新时间: 2025-03-12
摘要:

Aims

An essential part of the interaction between ecosystem productivity and biodiversity is the spatial interrelationship between plant diversity (PD) and soil organic carbon (SOC). Therefore, its thorough understanding is crucial for making ecological plans and adapting to climate change.

Methods

Based on building the multi-scale analysis framework of archipelago and region double scopes + island and site double units, this study evaluated the spatial correlations between PD and SOC at different scales and clarified the key factors and influence paths of regulating spatial interrelationships.

Results

The observations indicated a negative correlation between SOC and herb diversity, and a positive correlation between SOC and tree and shrub diversity. Meanwhile, at an identical scope, as the spatial unit increased, the spatial interrelations weakened, and the dominant environmental factors in the fine spatial unit tended to be spatially homogenized and transformed to be dominated by factors in the coarse spatial unit. Specifically, the distributions of PD and SOC in the island unit were influenced significantly by area-weighted mean shape index, number of patches, total edge, and island area, with contribution rates of 33.3%, 21.2%, 21.1%, and 20.3%, respectively. The distribution of both at the site unit was influenced by slope (32.1%), total nitrogen (18.6%), human influence index (18.1%), and salinity (14.7%).

Conclusion

The study developed a mechanism framework that explained the community–landscape–local spatial interrelationships between PD and SOC in the archipelago. It recommends a enhancement strategy of optimizing plant community–reducing human intervention–establishing governance system as a chain.

116. 题目: The bidirectional matter transfer in adsorption-promoted photocatalytic ozonation system derived by triazine nanosheets-heptazine nanotubes homojunction composite biochar
文章编号: N25031205
期刊: Water Research
作者: Benjie Zhu, Jialiang Liu, Yuxiang Shen, Lingyu Liu, Fang Liu
更新时间: 2025-03-12
摘要: Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation (HCO) process is an efficiency and eco-friendly solution to the growing challenge of water purification, yet is challenging by O₃ utilization, pollutants selectivity, and matter transfer resistance. Herein, adsorption-promoted photocatalytic ozonation (HCO/PO_AP) system was constructed derived by triazine nanosheets-heptazine nanotubes homojunction carbon nitride composite Enteromorpha prolifera derived biochar (CN_Th-St/EpC) to provide a targeted solution for the refractory organic pollutants treatment. In the HCO/PO_AP system, the adsorption sites predominantly reside on EpC, while the catalytic sites are primarily located on CN. The construction of efficient transport channels is facilitated by the induction of triazine structures from amorphous C, N compounds along the edges of heptazine. This leads to the independent yet closely interconnected process of inward transfer of pollutants and outward transfer of active species, confining reactions to a bidirectional transfer channel. This strategic confinement significantly amplifies the performance of HCO/PO_AP system. Specifically, the removal rates are 80 % for TC and 94 % for PNP in 30 min with almost entirely harmless or non-toxic degradation products, and mark a 56 % and 77 % enhancement over O₃ system, respectively. Moreover, the HCO/PO_AP system demonstrates exceptional efficacy in treating dissolved organic matter, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (UV₂₅₄) in diverse actual wastewater. This study highlights the potential of HCO/PO_AP process in efficient water purification, and provides mechanistic insights into the bidirectional matter transfer during the contaminants remove.

117. 题目: Characteristics of Microbial Communities and Extracellular Polymeric Substances during Thiothrix-Induced Sludge Bulking Process
文章编号: N25031204
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Chundi Gao, Jiamin Zhou, Yunya Gao, Zhuoni Chen, Xinyan Hu, Yongzhen Peng
更新时间: 2025-03-12
摘要: In this study, changes in the surface characteristics of microbial aggregates and their internal mechanisms during Thiothrix-induced sludge bulking were explored in a sequencing batch reactor under low dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions. During sludge bulking and recovery processes, effects of the characteristics of activated sludge, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and microbial community on sludge settleability were investigated comprehensively. Significant shifts in the microbial community structure of activated sludge were observed with changing conditions. Thiothrix-induced sludge bulking occurred under low DO (0.3 - 0.5 mg/L). During this stage, sludge volume index deteriorated to 363 mL/g, while the relative abundance of Thiothrix rose from 0.01% to 12.69%, making it the dominant bacterium. On the contrary, relative abundance of non-filamentous bacteria decreased. Furthermore, non-filamentous bacteria could not adhere to filamentous bacteria, leading to structurally unstable activated sludge flocs. When the DO was increased to 1 mg/L, sludge settling performance recovered and relative abundance of Thiothrix decreased to 1.28%. From the start of normal operation to sludge bulking stage and then to recovery process, the absolute zeta potential of activated sludge and the repulsive potential barrier of sludge system first increased and then decreased, while relative hydrophobicity showed an opposite trend. Due to excessive Thiothrix proliferation, total EPS content progressively decreased from 44.96 mg/gVSS to 35.27 mg/gVSS, with extracellular protein (PN) content decreasing significantly and extracellular polysaccharide content changing insignificantly. Moreover, PN played a crucial role in bacterial aggregation and was the key factor of activated sludge bulking.

118. 题目: Evaluating Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner (AHS) for the mapping of soil organic matter and clay in a Mediterranean forest ecosystem
文章编号: N25031203
期刊: Catena
作者: Francisco M Canero, Victor Rodriguez-Galiano, Sabine Chabrillat
更新时间: 2025-03-12
摘要: Soil mapping in Mediterranean ecosystems is experiencing a growing demand to face decision-making policies related to climate change mitigation. With several new and forthcoming hyperspectral missions, hyperspectral imagery and derived features could supply unprecedented data for soil mapping and monitoring, even in challenging areas with various land covers through indirect approaches. This study is aimed at evaluating airborne hyperspectral (Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner, AHS) and satellite Sentinel-2 multispectral data coupled with Machine Learning approaches for the modelling of soil organic matter (SOM) and clay content in a complex mountainous Mediterranean ecosystem dominated by forest areas, where the aboveground vegetation properties are exploited to predict underlying soil properties. One hundred field samples characterized for their SOM and clay content were taken from Sierra de las Nieves, southern Spain. Different features were derived from AHS and Sentinel-2 bands together with terrain features. Three modelling algorithms, Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Regression (SVR) and Partial Least Squares Regression were used together with four Feature Selection methods (Sequential Forward Selection, Sequential Flotant Forward Selection, Sequential Backward Selection and Sequential Flotant Backward Selection) built with RF and SVR. The resulting SOM maps with AHS data revealed spatial patterns controlled by land cover through remotely sensed features, while clay maps showed less defined patterns, with local differences. Hyperspectral narrow-band indices, visible region bands and terrain features were the most relevant for SOM and clay mapping. SVR showed the best modelling performances for SOM (RMSE 5.28 %, R2 0.43) and clay (RMSE 10.25 %, R2 0.33) modelling. Altogether, the results revealed an improved modelling performance when including feature selection methods and hyperspectral data as predictor features in soil mapping workflows, underpinning new possibilities to enhance soil mapping in complex canopy covered Mediterranean ecosystems.

119. 题目: Quantity Versus Quality: Links Between Soil Organic Matter and Bacterial Community Composition Along a Geoclimatic Gradient
文章编号: N25031202
期刊: Environmental Microbiology
作者: Daniel Wasner, Xingguo Han, Joerg Schnecker, Aline Frossard, Erick Zagal Venegas, Sebastian Doetterl
更新时间: 2025-03-12
摘要: Soil organic matter (SOM) quantity drives soil bacterial community composition from the regional to global scale. Qualitative characteristics of SOM are known to affect soil bacterial communities in manipulation experiments. However, it remains unresolved how strongly SOM characteristics affect soil bacterial community composition at the macroscale. Here, we investigated how quantity versus qualitative characteristics of SOM shape community composition along a biogeochemical gradient of grassland soils. We assessed relative abundance patterns of soil bacteria and characterised SOM based on scalable methods. Soils with higher SOM content (along a continuum between 0.6% and 18.7% SOC) and acidic pH (along a continuum between pH 4.1–6.7) hosted fewer narrowly distributed taxa (i.e., taxa occurring in few sites) and therefore had lower bacterial alpha diversity. We could explain a larger fraction of bacterial community composition (up to 59.6% of 16S rRNA reads) in these soils. Consequently, we understand community composition in low-SOM soils less than in high-SOM soils, because the drivers of narrowly distributed taxa remain poorly understood. Qualitative SOM characteristics did not strongly affect biogeographical patterns of widely distributed soil bacterial taxa. This suggests that broad aspects of SOM quality do not dominate soil bacterial community composition at the investigated macroscale.

120. 题目: Molecular-level insights into dissolved organic matter during Ulva prolifera degradation and its regulation on the environmental behaviour of the organic pollutant tributyl phosphate
文章编号: N25031201
期刊: Water Research
作者: Hanwen Hu, Chengmin Wang, Xuexi Tang, Ying Wang, Xiaoyang Jian, Suyang Liu, Xinxin Zhang
更新时间: 2025-03-12
摘要: Macroalgal blooms have frequently occurred in coastal waters, and a large amount of algogenic dissolved organic matter (DOM) is input into seawater as macroalgae degraded. It undergoes continuous changes under microbial degradation; however, the impact of microbially-modified marine DOM on the environmental behaviour of organic pollutants remains underexplored. This study focused on Ulva prolifera, the dominant species in green tides, and investigated the molecular diversity of DOM from U. prolifera degradation over a 100-day period and the role of DOM at different time points in the adsorption of organophosphate flame retardants onto goethite. Our findings revealed that dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in seawater increased sharply during the first two weeks, followed by a rapid decline, and eventually reached a stable level within 100 days. Multi-spectrum analysis and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), along with the results of spectral analysis, indicated an increase in the humification and aromaticity of DOM, accompanied by the transformation of protein components, suggesting a decrease in DOM bioavailability. Microbial abundance aligned with DOC trends, and 16S rRNA results revealed significant shifts in the microbial community during DOM transformation. A strong correlation between fluorescent DOM groups and microbial diversity was observed, and co-occurrence network analysis further identified Alteromonas and Vibrio as major contributors to DOM chemical diversity. The introduction of U. prolifera DOM reduced available surface sites on goethite, inhibiting the adsorption rate of tributyl phosphate (TnBP) in batch sorption experiments. However, this competitive sorption effect was mitigated by co-sorption, as DOM could bind with TnBP, explaining the observed increase in adsorption capacity. Redundancy analysis and verification tests suggested protein-like DOM components play a crucial role in sorption, and microbial transformation of DOM-proteins could diminish this effect. These findings underscore the importance of macroalgal DOM in influencing the environmental behaviour of organic pollutants and could supply a supplement about the ecological effect about macroalgal blooms.