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121. 题目: Efficiency of Plant Biomass Processing Pathways for Long‐Term Soil Carbon Storage
文章编号: N25031111
期刊: European Journal of Soil Science
作者: Sonja G Keel, Alice Budai, Lars Elsgaard, Brieuc Hardy, Florent Levavasseur, Liang Zhi, Claudio Mondini, César Plaza, Jens Leifeld
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: The potential for soil carbon (C) sequestration strongly depends on the availability of plant biomass inputs, making its efficient use critical for designing net zero strategies. Here, we compared different biomass processing pathways and quantified the long‐term effect of the resulting exogenous organic materials (EOMs) to that of direct plant residue input on soil organic carbon (SOC) storage. We estimated C losses during feed digestion of plant material, storage of manure, composting and anaerobic digestion of plant material and manure, and pyrolysis of plant material, using values reported in the literature. We then applied an extended version of the widely used SOC model RothC with newly developed parameters to quantify the SOC storage efficiency, that is, accounting for both processing losses off‐site and decomposition losses of the different EOMs in the soil. Based on simulations for a 39‐year long cropland trial in Switzerland, we found that the SOC storage efficiency is higher for plant material directly added to the soil (16%) compared to digestate and manure (3% and 5%, respectively). For compost, the effect was less clear (2% ̶ 18%; mean: 10%) due to a high uncertainty in C‐losses during composting. In the case of biochar, 43% of the initial plant C remained in the soil, due to its high intrinsic stability despite C‐losses of 54% during pyrolysis. To provide robust recommendations for optimal biomass use, it is essential to consider additional factors such as nutrient availability of EOMs, environmental impacts of soil application, and life cycle assessments for the entire production processes.

122. 题目: The primary role of phosphate-metal- natural organic matter (humic) ternary complexes as drivers of long-term phosphorus plant nutrition in acidic soils
文章编号: N25031110
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Javier Erro, Oscar Urrutia, Roberto Baigorri, Jose M García-Mina
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: Several studies have shown that inorganic phosphate (Pi) can form stable complexes in soil and soil solution, with some fractions of natural organic matter (NOM), mainly humic substances, through metal bridges. However, the role of these types of complexes in plant phosphorus (P) nutrition remains unclear. On the other hand, Pi in acidic soils is rapidly absorbed and fixed, becoming unavailable for plants. In this framework, this study aims to unveil the role of Pi-metal-NOM (humic) complexes in plant P nutrition in acidic soils.To this end, we have selected nine acidic soils from Spain with different soil properties and nutrient availability. On these soils, we cultivated wheat (Triticum aestirum L., cv Fiel) for successive harvests until no new sprouts appeared.Pi fractions were characterized using two complementary Pi sequencing analyses adapted to acidic soils.The results showed that Pi-metal-NOM (humic) complexes are mainly extracted by oxalate-pH3 after extracting the more labile forms of Pi. Likewise, correlation and principal component analysis studies showed that the Pi extracted with water plus resin is linked to short-term wheat P-nutrition. On the contrary, the Pi extracted with oxalate (pH 3) (after extracting the more labile fraction of Pi) that contains the main fraction of Pi-metal-NOM (humic) complexes is mainly linked to long-term wheat P-nutrition. This fact indicates that the addition of humified organic matter to acidic soils can significantly improve the fraction of potentially available P for crops.

123. 题目: Anthropogenic increase in organic carbon production and burial in two tropical Mexican crater lakes
文章编号: N25031109
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Marttiina Rantala, Isabel Israde-Alcántara, Reza Safaierad, Wojciech Tylmann, Gilles Lepoint, Pierre Francus, John P Smol, Carsten Meyer-Jacob, Christopher Grooms, Nadine Mattielli, Sarah Metcalfe, Paweł Etmański, Nathalie Fagel
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: Lakes bury significant amounts of organic carbon (OC) in their sediments contributing to the removal of carbon from the short-term carbon cycle. Mounting evidence points to broadscale increases in lake OC burial rates under growing human perturbation; however, the extent and mechanisms giving rise to this trend are not well understood in the context of tropical regions. We sought to expand knowledge of natural and anthropogenic controls of lake carbon cycling at lower latitudes by investigating four centuries of changes in the carbon sink of two tropical lakes in Central Mexico. Multiple biogeochemical and paleoecological indices were used to track temporal trends in OC production, inflow and burial, and to identify underlying environmental drivers. We uncovered systematic patterns in lake carbon dynamics in both studied lakes, including a three- to seven-fold increase in OC burial over recent decades. Marked increases in OC production over the 1900s in both lakes may have contributed to the enhanced carbon sink. However, increased sediment accumulation rates, particularly over the past couple of decades, suggest that the predominant factor influencing increased OC burial rates was related to growing local human disturbance. Over the last four centuries, sediment biogeochemistry in both lakes suggested shifts in water balance and lake levels that appear to be important drivers of OC production and organic enrichment in the lakes, linking them to regional climate variability.

124. 题目: Phosphorus doping-induced electron transfer promotes cobalt-iron biochar activation of peracetic acid: Selective reactive substance generation for pesticide degradation
文章编号: N25031108
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Xuetao Liang, Yujie Zhao, Jingran Li, Bingyang Liu, Yanlong Cui, Wenhao Hou, Dongrun Xie, Haoze Liu, Han Wang, Pihong Geng, Qi Yang, Zhilin Yang
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: This study employed phosphorus (P) doping to modify the intrinsic structure of cobalt-iron biochar derived from waste biomass, thereby enhancing its efficacy in activating peracetic acid (PAA). The degradation efficiencies of P-doped cobalt-iron biochar-activated PAA for various organochlorine pesticides were significantly improved, with enhancements ranging from approximately 1.53 to 5.98 times. In comparison to the cobalt-iron biochar/PAA system, the degradation of pesticide was primarily attributed to the formation of catalyst-PAA complexes, rather than intermetallic redox reactions. Based on both experimental analyses and theoretical calculations, the synergistic effects of Co, Fe, and P are identified and summarized as follows: i) the formation of a highly porous structure and P species enhances the adsorption of PAA and pesticides onto the catalyst surface; ii) P atoms enhance the reactivity of the carbon layer and further regulate the ability of Co sites to sequester PAA, thereby promoting the formation of ≡Co(III)–OO(O)CCH₃; iii) P doping facilitates electron transfer between the catalyst and PAA, enabling the sequential generation of catalyst-PAA complexes and high-valent metal–oxygen species. This study thoroughly elucidates the synergistic role of heteroatoms (P) in modulating the activation of PAA by typical transition metal–carbon-based catalysts.

125. 题目: Is the topsoil carbon sequestration potential underestimated of agricultural soils under best management?
文章编号: N25031107
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Zheng Zhao, Tong Li, Kun Cheng, Genxing Pan
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: Enhancing soil carbon (C) sequestration has been globally advocated as a nature-based solution for climate change mitigation. Best management practices (BMPs) can increase soil organic carbon (SOC) content and improve soil structure in the topsoil. However, when estimating changes in SOC stock under BMPs, a default soil depth is often used without considering that BMPs may alter the topsoil depth (through volume expansion in line with the changes in bulk density), potentially leading to an underestimation of C sequestration. To achieve a more robust estimate of SOC stock change, it is necessary to rectify soil depth. In this study, our findings indicate that using a fixed-depth approach to estimate SOC stock may result in a 25.2 % underestimation of SOC stock increase under BMPs. This suggests that under BMPs, using the calibrated-depth approach based on equivalent soil mass can estimate SOC stock more accurately by considering soil depth changes. Additionally, we propose further validation of the calibrated-depth approach's applicability and emphasize that robust soil depth and precise bulk density measurements should be followed to assist more accurately monitoring SOC stock changes.

126. 题目: Unraveling the roles of algal extracellular and intracellular organic matters in photosensitized degradation of tetracycline: Insights from triplet excited algal organic matters
文章编号: N25031106
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Xiaoyuan Zhang, Huiqi Liang, Minxiang Zeng, Shanshan Li, Yu Liu, Qiyuan Sun, Jinfeng Lu, Jun Ma
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: The rapid growth of algae has significantly increased algae-derived organic matter (AOM) in surface water, and AOM has been shown to play an important role in the photosensitized degradation of emerging contaminants under natural sunlight. This study investigated the photosensitized degradation of tetracycline (TC) by different AOM, i.e. extracellular organic matter (EOM) and intracellular organic matter (IOM) obtained from Anabaena sp. and Scenedesmus quadricauda, with the focus on the role of the triplet excited states of AOM (³AOM*). Results showed that EOM achieved superior photosensitized degradation of TC (up to 73.2%), which was 1.24-1.44 times higher than that by IOM (up to 57.4%), mainly due to the higher content of photosensitive groups and cream-like substances in EOM, and the lower content of protein-like substances. It was further revealed that the ³AOM* contributed to 61.76%-65.59% of the photosensitized degradation of TC by enhancing demethylation, deamination, and ring-opening reactions, facilitating further conversion of TC to low-molecular-weight compounds while reducing toxic intermediates. This study unravels the essential role of algal EOM- and IOM-derived ³AOM* in photosensitized degradation of TC, offering new perspectives on antibiotic degradation in high-algal water environments.

127. 题目: Remediation of Cadmium-Contaminated Paddy Soils by Phosphorite Magnetic Biochar: A New Insight Into Soil Microbial Responses
文章编号: N25031105
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Yonglin Chen, Wentao Yang, Hongyan Liu, Haonan Jing, Jian Zhang, Nabeel Khan Niazi, Zhenjie Zhao, Bing Wang, Liyu Yang, Shengsen Wang, Hang Zhou, Pan Wu
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: Cadmium (Cd)-contaminated rice paddies have been a primary environmental concern worldwide. Biochar or modified biochar application favors reducing Cd availability in paddy soil, which has been demonstrated in physical and chemical terms. However, we know little about soil microbial responses after biochar application. In this study, we revealed the immobilization effect and mechanism of Cd in paddy fields by a novel phosphorite magnetic biochar (PMCB) from the perspective of soil microbial response. The results suggested that PMCB application facilitated the conversion of highly active Cd to less active Cd in soil and reduced Cd uptake by rice by improving soil physicochemical properties and functional bacterial and gene abundance. Compared with the control, acetic acid extractable Cd and reducible Cd contents in soil and Cd content in brown rice decreased by 7.4%–18.4%, 16.2%–19.9%, and 44.0%–47.9%, respectively, and residual Cd content increased by 16.3%–25.8% under PMCB treatment. A decrease in sqr and fccB gene abundances (downregulated by 6.3% and 12.4%, respectively) inhibited CdS oxidative dissolution after 0.2% PMCB application. Conversely, other treatments stimulated the abundant proliferation of functional microbes (e.g., Anaeromyxobacter, Geobacter, and Thiobacillus) and these genes while suppressing sulfide-producing gene abundance (sreA and phsA decreased by 30.5%–73.4% and 3.3%–11.3%, respectively). This result implies that Fe(III) mineral reduction and CdS oxidation lead to a limited secondary release of Cd. Additionally, aqueous-phase analysis of the immobilization mechanism revealed that PMCB immobilized Cd mainly by coprecipitation with PO₄³⁻ and CO₃²⁻ (34.5%) and ion exchange (32.2%), followed by surface complexation (18.7%) and cation π-bonding (13.1%).

128. 题目: Soil organic carbon loss from forest road prisms in a mountainous catchment
文章编号: N25031104
期刊: Catena
作者: Zaihui Yu, Qinghe Zhao, Yi Liu, Jinhai Yu, Jiliang Zhou, Shengyan Ding
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: Forest roads exacerbate water and soil loss in mountainous catchments, significantly impacting forest carbon cycling and ecological functioning. However, limited research has examined the effect of forest roads on carbon loss in these environments. In this study, we investigated soil organic carbon (SOC) loss across different erosion units (upper hillslopes, road surfaces, and road-stream slopes) within road prisms in the Xiangchagou catchment, China. We also identified the significant factors influencing SOC loss and examined their interactions. Our findings revealed that the average SOC concentrations of different erosion units in road prisms were lowest in road surfaces, where SOC losses were significantly higher than on upper hillslopes. Among different flow paths, gullies exhibited the lowest average SOC concentration, but no significant differences were observed between flow path SOC concentrations at different hillslope positions. This suggests that SOC loss is most pronounced on road surface and gullies within road prisms. In contrast, SOC loss varied significantly with hillslope positions in both partially gullied and diffused flow paths, indicating that gully development plays a critical role in determining SOC loss on road-stream slopes. Piecewise structural equation modeling showed that upper hillslope area, road surface slope, flow paths width-to-depth ratio, and roughness were significant factors influencing SOC loss within the road prism (p < 0.05). Additionally, upper hillslope characteristics indirectly influenced SOC loss on road surfaces and flow paths, while road surface characteristics indirectly influenced the SOC loss along flow paths. These findings suggest that SOC loss induced by forest roads is driven not only by road surfaces but also by interactions among different erosion units. To mitigate SOC loss in mountainous catchments, priority should be given to managing road prisms with extensive upper hillslopes and well-developed gullies.

129. 题目: Gypsum application increases microbial activity and organic carbon mineralization in saline paddy soils
文章编号: N25031103
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Yixian Liu, Ze Zhang, Xiangxiang Wang, Ruiqiao Wu, Shuai Ding, Shuang Wang, Jianping Chen, Tida Ge, Zhenke Zhu
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: Saline–alkaline soils, representing approximately 10 % of global soil resources, are characterized by high salinity and pH levels, low microbial activity, and inefficient soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. Gypsum application is a common practice for ameliorating saline soils, as it reduces exchangeable sodium and improves soil physicochemical properties. However, the impact of gypsum on soil microbial activity and organic carbon turnover remains insufficiently understood. Therefore, we conducted incubation experiments to investigate the effects of gypsum application on microbial community composition and OC mineralization in soils with varying salinity levels (154, 268, 646, and 865 μS cm−1). Gypsum application significantly increased the mineralization of both glucose (exogenous organic carbon (EOC)) and SOC compared to the control (no gypsum), particularly in high-salinity soils, with increases of 282 % and 249 %, respectively. This enhancement was attributed to a 50 % reduced exchangeable sodium, which alleviated microbial salt stress and shifted microbial life strategies. Gypsum application also increased microbial abundance and decreased microbial diversity, favoring taxa growth that adapted to the reduced exchangeable sodium condition. Microbial network analysis revealed a 17.19 % increase in network edges and a 63-edge increase in high-salinity soils following gypsum application. Structural equation modeling indicated that improvements in environmental factors (e.g., soil ionic composition, +0.10) and microbial activity (+0.51) both contributed to the enhanced EOC mineralization after gypsum application. Overall, our findings suggest that gypsum application ameliorates high-salinity soils by boosting microbial activity and accelerating carbon utilization and mineralization, which holds significant implications for promoting EOC metabolism and SOC accumulation in saline soils.

130. 题目: Enhanced biodegradation of monoaromatic hydrocarbons by a novel bacterial strain Pseudomonas viridilivida FB1 and biochar
文章编号: N25031102
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Bing Hong, Wenli Zhu, Ting Wu, Hao Zhang, Huaiyu Ge, Tianyu Hu, Juan Zhao, Hua Fang, Chuanfu Song
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: Monoaromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene (BT) have attracted increasing attention due to their ubiquitous environmental presence and high risks. Their removals can be achieved separately by bioaugmentation with efficient bacteria and bio-physicochemical methods with powerful biochar, while the effect and mechanism of their co-application on BT degradation remain unclear. In this study, BT-degrading bacteria were isolated and employed to evaluate the performance for BT biodegradation, focusing on the effect of biochar co-application. The results showed that surface paddy soils around a coking mill showed 27.0% and 34.5% of BT degradation percentages, which rose by 22.7% and 27.8% with the addition of 1% biochar, respectively. On the other hand, they both decreased by 11.0% in comparison with the sum of the individual soil and biochar treatments, implying the necessity to understand BT degradation mechanisms after biochar co-application. Then a bacterial strain was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas viridilivida FB1, which was reported to have BT-degrading capability for the first time. Using the first-order model, rate constants of BT degradation in mineral salt media by P. viridilivida FB1 increased by 39.1% and 28.0% after biochar amendment, respectively. According to the six identified intermediates and three functional genes, two and five degradation pathways of BT by P. viridilivida FB1 were proposed, respectively. The high degradation percentage and multiple degradation pathways demonstrated the strong BT-degrading potential of P. viridilivida FB1, especially with biochar co-application. Findings of this work provide a compelling and viable strategy for the sustainable bioremediation of multiple volatile organic compounds through the co-application of bioaugmentation with biochar.

131. 题目: Contrasting variations in solid acidity of smectite and kaolinite in acid-base environments and implications for organic matter sequestration
文章编号: N25031101
期刊: Chemical Geology
作者: Jiazong Du, Jingong Cai, Xiang Zeng, Tianzhu Lei, Qian Chao, Kuihua Zhang, Xuejun Wang
更新时间: 2025-03-11
摘要: The nanoscale interactions between clay mineral active sites and organic matter (OM) determine OM sequestration and transformation. Smectite and kaolinite, prominent OM adsorbing minerals, are sensitive to acid-base fluctuations, but dynamics of their active sites remain unexplored, limiting our knowledge of the mineral matrix-related fate of OM. Solid acidity (Brønsted and Lewis acid sites) is a tangible indicator to quantify the active sites. This study examined the dynamics of solid acidity in smectite and kaolinite subjected to acid-base environmental variability, exploring implications for OM sequestration. Results revealed that both acid and alkaline environments increased the number of total acid sites (QT) for both smectite and kaolinite, with higher Brønsted acid site fraction (fB) as pH decreased, but smectite and kaolinite exhibited contrasting behaviors. Smectite underwent more prominent structural rearrangements under acid environments, with interlayer cations substitution and preferential dissolution of octahedron. This process exposed Al3+ and/or facilitated re-adsorption of Al3+/Fe3+, contributing to Lewis acid sites, while exposed silanols and enhanced interlayer water polarization contributed more to Brønsted acid sites, yielding substantial QT and fB increases. Acid environments exposed silanols in kaolinite, but it responded more strongly to alkaline environments, where disrupted Si-O-Al bonds at edges exposed incompletely coordinated Al3+, contributing to QT increase and fB decrease. Increased QT enhanced the adsorbed lysine content; therefore, the mineral- and environment-specific dynamics of solid acidity have the potential to shape OM sequestration capacity of clay minerals, and their catalytic efficiency and mechanisms in driving the diagenetic fate of OM.

132. 题目: Preservation and degradation of ancient organic matter in mid-Miocene Antarctic permafrost
文章编号: N25031012
期刊: Biogeosciences
作者: Marjolaine Verret, Sebastian Naeher, Denis Lacelle, Catherine Ginnane, Warren Dickinson, Kevin Norton, Jocelyn Turnbull, Richard Levy
更新时间: 2025-03-10
摘要: . The Antarctic environment is amongst the coldest and driest environments on Earth. The ultraxerous soils in the McMurdo Dry Valleys support exclusively microbial communities, however, 15 million years ago, a tundra ecosystem analogous to present-day southern Greenland occupied this region. The occurrence of ancient soil organic carbon combined with low input rates makes it challenging to differentiate between ancient and modern organic processes. Here, we document the additions of modern organic carbon, and the preservation and degradation of organics and lipid biomarkers, in a 1.4 m mid-Miocene age permafrost soil column from Friis Hills. The total organic carbon is low throughout the soils (< 1 % wt). The near-surface (upper 35 cm) dry permafrost has lower C:N ratios, higher δ¹³C_org values, higher proportion of iso-FAs relative to n-FAs, lower phytol abundance and higher contributions of low-molecular weight homologues of n-alkanes, than the underlying icy permafrost. Conversely, the icy permafrost contains higher molecular weight n-alkanes, n-fatty acids and n-alkanols, along with phytosterols (e.g., sitosterol, stigmasterol) and phytol (and its derivatives pristane and phytane) that are indicative of the contributions and preservation of higher-level plants. This implies that legacy mid-Miocene age carbon in the near-surface soils (c. 35 cm) has been prone to microbial organic matter degradation during times when the permafrost thawed, likely during relatively warm intervals through the late Neogene. Biomolecules found deeper in the permafrost have been preserved for millions of years. These results suggest that ancient organics preserved in permafrost could underpin significant ecological changes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys as Earth’s current climate warms in the coming decades and centuries.

133. 题目: Investigation on combined use of biochar and ground granulated blast furnace slag as a supplementary admixture in concrete
文章编号: N25031011
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: Rajvardhan Kallimani, Pravin Minde
更新时间: 2025-03-10
摘要:

Concrete is the most used material globally, with cement production causing 8% of emissions. Waste-based supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) offer a partial cement replacement to address climate goals. The present study explores using Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) and biochar as SCMs to elevate concrete’s sustainability while maintaining structural performance. GGBS, sourced from steel production, was used at 20% and 40%, while biochar, derived from wood waste through pyrolysis, was incorporated at 3%, 4%, and 5% by weight of cement. The effects of these replacements were evaluated through compressive strength tests at 7 and 28 days, as well as microstructural analyses employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. Findings revealed that GGBS enhanced workability due to its finer particles and pozzolanic activity while aiding long-term strength development. However, including biochar, particularly at higher percentages, led to a reduction in compressive strength, attributed to its porous structure and high carbon content, which weakened the interfacial transition zones (ITZ) and increased voids in the matrix. SEM analysis confirmed the highly porous nature of biochar, which interfered with the formation of calcium silicate hydrate (C-S–H), while EDAX showed a significant presence of carbon in biochar and GGBS, further explaining the dilution of strength. At 7 days, the compressive strength of concrete decreased by 29.4% (22.84 MPa) for 20% GGBS with 3% biochar, and up to 52.1% (15.49 MPa) for 40% GGBS with 5% biochar, compared to the control mix (32.34 MPa). At 28 days, the reduction ranged from 26.7% (25.02 MPa) for 20% GGBS with 4% biochar to 54.6% (15.49 MPa) for 40% GGBS with 5% biochar, relative to the control mix (34.14 MPa). Despite the reduction in early strength, the GGBS and biochar blends offer promise for applications focused on long-term durability and sustainability. This research highlights the need for careful optimization of mix proportions to find a middle ground between environmental benefits and mechanical performance.

134. 题目: An integrated drone-based platform with novel correction methods for accurate vertical profiling of black carbon
文章编号: N25031010
期刊: Atmospheric Environment
作者: Songhui Lee, Jaebeom Park, Minwoo Baek, Miri Kim, Minsang Yoo, Yongbum Kwon, Handol Lee
更新时间: 2025-03-10
摘要: Equivalent black carbon mass concentrations were measured using a portable Aethalometer (MicroAeth AE51, eBCAE51) and evaluated against refractory BC measurement obtained from a Single-Particle Soot Photometer (SP2, rBCSP2). Correction methods were proposed to improve AE51 measurements by considering the non-linearity of light attenuation (ATN) due to the accumulation of BC particles (i.e., rBC loading effect) and the interference in ATN measurements caused by non-refractory BC particles (i.e., non-BC loading effect). First, a catalytic stripper was used to heat the sampling line to 350 °C, minimizing the impact of non-BC sampling. This allowed for the correction of the non-linearity of ATN due to the rBC loading effect. After applying the correction formula derived from this process to the measured eBCAE51, further correction was applied to account for the filter loading effect of non-BC, estimated from atmospheric measurements through an unheated sampling line. This study introduces an innovative system for accurately quantifying high-resolution vertical profiles of BC mass concentration. By combining data from the AE51 and a miniaturized optical particle counter, the system applies precise corrections to enhance measurement accuracy at various altitudes. This integrated approach provides a robust framework for reliable atmospheric BC profiling, addressing challenges in pollutant characterization and transport analysis.

135. 题目: N-doped biochar-Fe/Mn as a superior peroxymonosulfate activator for enhanced bisphenol a degradation
文章编号: N25031009
期刊: Water Research
作者: Huiji Xiao, Yun Wang, Kewei Lv, Chenxi Zhu, Xiaohong Guan, Bing Xie, Xiaoming Zou, Xubiao Luo, Yanbo Zhou
更新时间: 2025-03-10
摘要: Emerging contaminants (ECs) are characterized by their widespread environmental distribution and low concentrations, posing significant challenges for their effective removal from source wastewater. To better deal with the problems associated with ECs, we developed a robust Fe-Mn bimetallic catalyst supported on N-doped biochar (FM@NBC-8) for peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-mediated advanced oxidation system, in which bisphenol A (BPA) was investigated as a typical EC. Particularly, complete degradation of BPA in the FM@NBC-8/PMS system was achieved within 5 min, accompanying with a high TOC removal. The degradation rate of BPA with FM@NBC-8 was 143 times that of the initial biochar (BC-8), 20 and 91 times that of single metal-doped catalysts Fe (F@NBC-8) and Mn (M@NBC-8), respectively. The degradation rate of BPA was enhanced to 1.7337 min⁻1 with 0.6 g L⁻1 FM@NBC-8 utilized to activate PMS, achieving a superior performance in BPA degradation compared to most reported results in the literature (0.081∼1.43 min⁻1). The introduction of Fe, Mn, and N elements dramatically enhanced the specific surface area (from 46.285 to 218.541 m2 g⁻1) of the catalyst, thereby enhancing the adsorption capacity of PMS and pollutants on the catalyst. Moreover, the accelerated electron transfer between the catalyst and PMS favored the formation of low-valent metal intermediates (Fe(II)-O-O-SO3− and Mn(II)-O-O-SO3−), responsible for the generation of SO4•−and •OH. And 1O2 was generated mainly via the decomposition of SO5•− in FM@NBC-8/PMS system, thereby collectively enhancing the pollutant degradation. The stability of the catalyst was attributed to the synergistic effects of nitrogen doping and biochar encapsulation, which ensured effective operation of the FM@NBC-8/PMS system across a broad pH range of 3 to 10, while also providing resistance to interference from ubiquitous anions. This study indicates that the bimetal biochar-based materials for catalytic PMS activation have significant potential for practical application in green environmental remediation.

136. 题目: Effects of soil moisture fluctuation and microplastics types on soil organic matter decomposition and carbon dynamics
文章编号: N25031008
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Junjie Lin, Beibei Chen, Hongxin Dong, Wenling Zhang, Amit Kumar, Dafeng Hui, Changai Zhang, Shengdao Shan, Biao Zhu
更新时间: 2025-03-10
摘要: The effects of moisture fluctuation on the decomposition of microplastics (MPs) and soil organic matter (SOM) remain ambiguous due to the interactions of physical, chemical, and biological processes during drying-rewetting cycles. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) productions were investigated in degradable MPs-poly-hydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and polylactic acid (PLA)-and two non-degradable MPs-polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) contaminated cropland and forest soils. Five drying-rewetting cycles were imposed by periodically adjusting soil water content from 100% to 35% water holding capacity. The CO₂ productions derived from degradable MPs and SOM were distinguished by the δ¹³C signature. Moisture fluctuation increased cumulative SOM-derived CO₂ production by 7.9%−85% compared to constant moisture across both soils under all MPs types. The cumulative SOM-derived CO₂ efflux was highest in PE treatment, followed by PHA, PLA, PS, and the control without MPs. PHA induced a higher priming effect (124%−271%) than PLA (-33%−0.9%) across fluctuated and constant moistures due to differences in microbial availability. PHA also demonstrated the lowest net C gain relative to PLA, PE, and PS, reflecting the critical roles of co-metabolism and microbial nitrogen mining. This study, comprehensively, reveals that soil moisture fluctuation and MPs types jointly impact soil carbon dynamics, emphasizing that ignoring moisture variation and MPs differences could lead to misestimating soil carbon balance.

137. 题目: Impact of long-term drip irrigation on soil organic carbon and nutrient stocks in arid oasis farmlands
文章编号: N25031007
期刊: Catena
作者: Weihao Sun, Zhibin He, Bing Liu, Dengke Ma, Rui Li, Shuai Wang, Arash Malekian
更新时间: 2025-03-10
摘要: Water scarcity in arid regions necessitates efficient irrigation strategies to maintain agricultural productivity. While drip irrigation is increasingly adopted as a more water-efficient alternative to flood irrigation, its long-term impacts on soil properties, particularly on soil organic carbon (SOC) and nutrient dynamics, remain insufficiently explored. This study addresses this gap by investigating the effects of conversion from flood to drip irrigation on SOC pools and nutrient stocks in typical oasis farmlands of northwest China. We employed paired sampling and space-for-time substitution methods to assess soil profiles (0–100 cm) under different durations of drip irrigation (3, 5, 8, and 13 years). Soil organic carbon stocks (SOCS), nitrogen stocks (NS), and phosphorus stocks (PS) were quantified, along with the analysis of general physicochemical properties. Results indicated that SOCS decreased by 19.3 %, NS by 15.5 %, and PS by 12.2 % following the conversion, with the most significant reductions observed in the 20–40 cm soil layer. Additionally, the soil C:N ratio declined, while the C:P and N:P ratios increased. Regression analysis showed a significant negative correlation between the duration of drip irrigation and changes in SOCS and NS. Our findings highlight that conversion from flood to drip irrigation can lead to significant reductions in SOC and nutrient stocks. The trend becomes more pronounced with prolonged use of drip irrigation, underscoring the need for effective conservation practices to sustain soil health and productivity in arid regions. Implementing suitable management strategies in long-term drip-irrigated farmlands is necessary for maintaining agricultural sustainability.

138. 题目: Unravelling Riverine Dissolved Organic Matter Sources Using Molecular Fingerprints and FEAST Model in A Multi-tributary Mountain River Basin
文章编号: N25031006
期刊: Water Research
作者: Fang Yang, Chao Chang, Ling Wen, Zhineng Hao, Yu Pang, Yuanbi Yi, Ding He, Ming Li
更新时间: 2025-03-10
摘要: Revealing the sources, composition and fate of riverine dissolved organic matter (DOM) is fundamental to understanding the biogeochemical cycles of aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to reveal the impact of land uses and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) on riverine DOM. Spatiotemporal variations in molecular characteristics of riverine DOM in the river network containing 15 tributaries in the mainstream of upper Hanjiang River were studied. Differences in molecular characteristics of DOM in soil leachates of various land uses and the effluent of WWTPs were analyzed and their contributions to riverine DOM in both dry and wet seasons were calculated using FEAST model. DOM in soil leachates was primarily composed of lignin, protein and lipid-like compounds but was dominated by lignin and tannin-like compounds in the effluent of WWTPs. Contribution rates of the soil leachate of each land use calculated by FEAST model showed a significant positive linear correlation with the area-based proportion of each land use in the basins of tributaries. Contributions of area-based proportion of each land use to riverine DOM followed the order of grassland > forest > cropland for both seasons. DOM in the upstream of tributaries contributed more than 50% to the molecular composition of DOM in the downstream of tributaries but the contribution of the effluent of WWTPs to riverine DOM did not exceed 3%. These results demonstrated that FEAST model could be used for source identification of riverine DOM based on molecular fingerprint data. Accordingly, this study provides new insights into the carbon cycling and ecological health within the watershed.

139. 题目: Innovative nitrogen-doped biochar-derived ball-milled defective in-situ amino biochar molecularly imprinted gels for selective removal of BPA: Theoretical simulation and mechanistic insights
文章编号: N25031005
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Jie Wu, Keran Li, Zhenyi Zhao
更新时间: 2025-03-10
摘要: In this study, a biochar-based molecularly imprinted gel (aMBCN@MIP) was synthesized using ball-milled nitrogen-doped biochar as the carrier matrix, which exhibits high porosity and abundant amino groups, while acrylamide and 4-vinylpyridine were employed as functional monomers to facilitate the selective separation of bisphenol A (BPA). Simple in situ amino-functionalization enriched the surface functional groups of the biochar. The ball milling process not only fully exposed the adsorption sites of the biochar but also enhanced its adhesion within the gel network. Subsequently, the rich porous structure and defective graphite structure of aMBCN@MIP were characterized using SEM, FTIR, XPS, and TG techniques. Selectivity experiments confirmed the unique selectivity of aMBCN@MIP for BPA (α > 2.38 ± 0.42). The Freundlich isotherm (R² = 0.998) and pseudo-second-order kinetic (R² = 0.9906) analyses further revealed that the adsorption process of aMBCN@MIP follows multilayer chemical adsorption, with a detailed investigation into the mass transfer process of BPA. Moreover, response surface optimization experiments showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of aMBCN@MIP for BPA is 365.306 mg/g. Then, a five-stage series adsorption column was designed, and adsorption–desorption and real water sample simulations were conducted to assess the practical application potential of aMBCN@MIP. Finally, the adsorption mechanism of aMBCN@MIP was analyzed using XPS, molecular inhibition experiments, and density functional theory. This study provides a novel method for the preparation of imprinted gel materials and offers insights into the mechanistic research of carbon-based adsorbents.

140. 题目: Geochemistry and mineralogy of the late Neogene alkaline megalake sediments in the Qaidam Basin (China): Implications for provenance, tectonics, paleoclimate, paleoenvironment and organic matter accumulation
文章编号: N25031004
期刊: Applied Geochemistry
作者: Jinqi Qiao, Qingyong Luo, Xianglu Tang, Dandan Wang, Imran Khan, Ludmila Kopaevich
更新时间: 2025-03-10
摘要: The late Neogene is widely regarded as a suitable analogy for future climate scenarios, but the paleoclimatic conditions of this period on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau remain poorly understood. This study investigates the mineralogical composition and elemental geochemistry of 24 shale samples from two wells in the Yiliping Depression of the Qaidam Basin to reconstruct the paleodepositional conditions of the sediments and the late Neogene paleoclimate conditions. The results indicate that the chemical composition of the late Neogene alkaline lacustrine sediments was little affected by sediment recycling, sorting, diagenesis and metasomatism. Provenance analysis indicates a predominantly felsic source with minor contributions from intermediate volcanic rocks, formed under a tectonic setting similar to continental island arc tectonic settings in geochemistry. Paleoclimate reconstructions reveal consistently arid and cold conditions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, characterized by weak chemical weathering. These climatic conditions were colder than those achieved in most contemporaneous regions globally, with a distinct cooling trend from the late Neogene to the Pleistocene. The deposition occurred predominantly in hypersaline environments, with localized transitions to brackish conditions. The redox conditions of the water column varied spatially, i.e., oxic waters dominated in the central depression (the H 1 well area), while the margins of the depression (the Y 3 well area) experienced fluctuations between oxic to anoxic conditions. The primary paleoproductivity in the Y 3 well exhibited similarities to that in the Holocene lakes of Peru and Brazil, whereas the H 1 well showed resemblances to most marine sediments. Notably, the primary paleoproductivity of the studied samples was lower than that of typical upwelling systems. Organic matter preservation was principally controlled by depositional conditions, with little effects from primary paleoproductivity and sedimentation rate/detrital input. This work provides valuable insights into the late Neogene climate dynamics on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and enhances the understanding of the formation of microbial gas source rocks.