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141. 题目: Soil respiration related to the molecular composition of soil organic matter in subtropical and temperate forests under soil warming
文章编号: N24112715
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Yanchun Liu, Hui Wang, Andreas Schindlbacher, Shirong Liu, Yujing Yang, Huimin Tian, Lin Chen, Angang Ming, Jian Wang, Jiachen Li, Zuwei Tian
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: The chemical composition and degradability of soil organic matter (SOM) are among the most important factors influencing the feedback between soil CO₂ emissions and climate warming. We hypothesized that the response of soil respiration to long-term warming in various forest ecosystems depends on how soil warming alters the chemical composition of SOM. Therefore, we compared the effects of long-term soil warming on soil respiration, SOM molecular structure, and bacterial and fungal diversity in two different forest ecosystems in the southern subtropical and warm temperate zones of China. In the subtropical forest, soil warming did not affect soil respiration in the short term (2–3 years) but decreased it in the longer term (10 years, -10.3%). The decline in soil respiration was associated with an increased aliphaticity of SOM and decreased O-alkyl C content, along with an increased abundance of microbial K-strategists over time. In the warm temperate forest, soil warming significantly stimulated soil respiration by 35.3% in the short term and 29.8% in the long term. The sustained positive response to warming was likely related to the increased decomposability of SOM owing to increased root C input. Our results suggest that the molecular composition of SOM is affected by warming and in turn feeds back to longer-term soil respiration responses. The different responses at the two study sites suggest considerable variation in the feedback between different forest ecosystems.

142. 题目: Deciphering bioprocess responses in organic phosphorus mineralization to different antibiotic stresses: Interaction mechanisms mediated by microbial succession and extracellular polymeric substances and regulatory patterns
文章编号: N24112714
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Zhenchao Wu, Jie Kang, Liangyang Mao, Rui Sun, Xiujun Tu, Yuhao Guo, Jingping Ge
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: Understanding the impacts and mechanisms of different antibiotics on organic phosphorus (OP) mineralization is crucial for promoting the rational utilization of resources and protecting the ecological environment. In this study, the effects of four commonly used antibiotics (sulfadiazine, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and ampicillin) on the mineralization of OP were explored using16S rRNA gene sequencing technology. The results showed that ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and ampicillin negatively affected the mineralization capacity of OP, whereas sulfadiazine positively influenced OP mineralization. The content and composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and microbial phenotypes (biofilm formation and stress tolerance) were directly correlated with differences in OP mineralization capacity. Microbial diversity, network complexity and stability, and key microorganisms indirectly influenced OP mineralization by regulating EPS content and composition and microbial phenotypes. In summary, this study reveals specific impacts of different antibiotics on OP mineralization, offering valuable insights for addressing “phosphorus limitation” and “phosphorus load” amid various antibiotic stresses.

143. 题目: A new view into the characterization of dissolved organic matter composition in lakes and traceability studies.
文章编号: N24112713
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Juan Huan, Jialong Yuan, Xiangen Xu, Hao Zhang, Xincheng Li, Wenxin Cai, Shiling Gu, Haoran Ju, Liwan Zhou
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: With the booming socio-economic development and accelerated urbanisation, the problem of water pollution is becoming more and more prominent, which not only puts great pressure on nature, but also poses a serious threat to the production and life of human beings. Therefore, the study of dissolved organic matter fractions in lakes and their accurate traceability is the key to alleviate the ecological pressure. In this study, the three-dimensional fluorescence spectral properties, characteristic parameters and fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter in water bodies were analyzed in depth using Changdang Lake in China as an example. Three methods, peak-finding method, Tucker coefficient and self-organised neural network, were prominently used for the analysis. Combined with conventional water quality parameters, Combined with conventional water quality parameters, this method further reveals the correlation between DOM composition and surrounding pollution sources in Changdang Lake. The results showed that there were four main components of dissolved organic matter in the lake body of Changdang Lake, of which C1, C2 and C4 were humic substances and C3 was protein. In addition, the fluorescence characteristic parameters of Changdang Lake, FI, ranged from 1.64 to 1.75, BIX, ranged from 0.95 to 1.05, and HIX, ranged from 0.5 to 0.65, which indicated that the increment of dissolved organic matter in Changdang Lake was mainly a mixture of endogenous and exogenous inputs. Through the joint interpretation of peak discovery, data presentation and result visualisation, it was found that these fluorescence fractions were extremely similar to those of the surrounding aquaculture and textile printing and dyeing. The results of this study not only provide effective data support for the local environmental protection department of Changdang Lake, but also provide a useful reference for pollution traceability in other lake basins.

144. 题目: Climate Effects on Belowground Tea Litter Decomposition Depend on Ecosystem and Organic Matter Types in Global Wetlands
文章编号: N24112712
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Stacey M Trevathan-Tackett, Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas, Martino Malerba, Peter I Macreadie, Ika Djukic, Junbin Zhao, Erica B Young, Paul H York, Shin-Cheng Yeh, Yanmei Xiong, Gidon Winters, Danielle Whitlock, Carolyn A Weaver, Anne Watson, Inger Visby, Jacek Tylkowski, Allison Trethowan, Scott Tiegs, Ben Taylor, Jozef Szpikowski, Grażyna Szpikowska, Victoria L Strickland, Normunds Stivrins, Ana I Sousa, Sutinee Sinutok, Whitney A Scheffel, Rui Santos, Jonathan Sanderman, Salvador Sánchez-Carrillo, Joan-Albert Sanchez-Cabeza, Krzysztof G Rymer, Ana Carolina Ruiz-Fernandez, Bjorn J M Robroek, Tessa Roberts, Aurora M Ricart, Laura K Reynolds, Grzegorz Rachlewicz, Anchana Prathep, Andrew J Pinsonneault, Elise Pendall, Richard Payne, Ilze Ozola, Cody Onufrock, Anne Ola, Steven F Oberbauer, Aroloye O Numbere, Alyssa B Novak, Joanna Norkko, Alf Norkko, Thomas J Mozdzer, Pam Morgan, Diana I Montemayor, Charles W Martin, Sparkle L Malone, Maciej Major, Mikołaj Majewski, Carolyn J Lundquist, Catherine E Lovelock, Songlin Liu, Hsing-Juh Lin, Ana Lillebo, Jinquan Li, John S Kominoski, Anzar Ahmad Khuroo, Jeffrey J Kelleway, Kristin I Jinks, Daniel Jerónimo, Christopher Janousek, Emma L Jackson, Oscar Iribarne, Torrance Hanley, Maroof Hamid, Arjun Gupta, Rafael D Guariento, Ieva Grudzinska, Anderson da Rocha Gripp, María A González Sagrario, Laura M Garrison, Karine Gagnon, Esperança Gacia, Marco Fusi, Lachlan Farrington, Jenny Farmer, Francisco de Assis Esteves, Mauricio Escapa, Monika Domańska, André T C Dias, Carmen B de los Santos, Daniele Daffonchio, Paweł M Czyryca, Rod M Connolly, Alexander Cobb, Maria Chudzińska, Bart Christiaen, Peter Chifflard, Sara Castelar, Luciana S Carneiro, José Gilberto Cardoso-Mohedano, Megan Camden, Adriano Caliman, Richard H Bulmer, Jennifer Bowen, Christoffer Boström, Susana Bernal, John A Berges, Juan C Benavides, Savanna C Barry, Juha M Alatalo, Alia N Al-Haj, Maria Fernanda Adame
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: Patchy global data on belowground litter decomposition dynamics limit our capacity to discern the drivers of carbon preservation and storage across inland and coastal wetlands. We performed a global, multiyear study in over 180 wetlands across 28 countries and 8 macroclimates using standardized litter as measures of “recalcitrant” (rooibos tea) and “labile” (green tea) organic matter (OM) decomposition. Freshwater wetlands and tidal marshes had the highest tea mass remaining, indicating a greater potential for carbon preservation in these ecosystems. Recalcitrant OM decomposition increased with elevated temperatures throughout the decay period, e.g., increase from 10 to 20 °C corresponded to a 1.46-fold increase in the recalcitrant OM decay rate constant. The effect of elevated temperature on labile OM breakdown was ecosystem-dependent, with tidally influenced wetlands showing limited effects of temperature compared with freshwater wetlands. Based on climatic projections, by 2050 wetland decay constants will increase by 1.8% for labile and 3.1% for recalcitrant OM. Our study highlights the potential for reduction in belowground OM in coastal and inland wetlands under increased warming, but the extent and direction of this effect at a large scale is dependent on ecosystem and OM characteristics. Understanding local versus global drivers is necessary to resolve ecosystem influences on carbon preservation in wetlands.

145. 题目: Functional ZnONPs‐modified biochar derived from Funtumia elastica husk as an efficient adsorbent for the removal of sulfamethoxazole from wastewater
文章编号: N24112711
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: James Friday Amaku, Fanyana M Mtunzi
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要:

Funtumia elastica husk was employed as an efficient and economically viable adsorbent to supplement traditional treatment methods in the removal of sulfamethoxazole from wastewater by converting it into usable material. The purpose of this study was to make biochar (FHB) from Funtumia elastica husk through the pyrolysis process and further modify the biochar using zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) to a nanocomposite (FBZC). The antioxidant and antimicrobial characteristics as well as the potential of FBZC and FHB to sequester sulfamethoxazole from wastewater were investigated. Uptake capacities of 59.34 mg g⁻¹ and 26.18 mg g⁻¹ were attained for the monolayer adsorption of SMX onto FBZC and FHB, respectively. SEM and FTIR spectroscopic techniques were used to determine the surface morphology and chemical moieties of adsorbents, respectively. Brunauer–Emmett–teller (BET) surface analysis was used to assess the specific surface area of FHB (0.5643 m² g⁻¹) and FBZC (1.2267 m² g⁻¹). The Elovich and pseudo-first-order models are both well-fitted by the experimental data for FHB and FBZC, according to kinetic results. Nonetheless, the equilibrium data for FHB and FBZC were better explained by the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively. The pH_PZC values of 6.83 and 5.57 were determined for FBZC and FHB respectively. Optimum solution pH, dosage, and contact time of 6, 0.05 g, and 120 min were estimated for FHB and FBZC. In conclusion, these findings demonstrate the strong potential of FBZC to simultaneously arrest the spread of pathogenic microbes and sequester sulfamethoxazole from wastewater.

146. 题目: Simultaneous Alleviation of Antimony Toxicity in Rice and In-Vitro Bio-accessibility by Using Biochar and Seaweed Based Fertilizer Blend
文章编号: N24112710
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Muhammad Umair Hassan, Huang Guoqin, Muhammad Nawaz, Adnan Noor Shah, Shujuan Li, Tahir Abbas Khan, Khalid Mashay Al-Anazi, Mehmood Ali Noor, Adnan Rasheed, Xu Haifang, Sezai Ercisli
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: Antimony (Sb) toxicity is a significant threat to crop production and humans. Its concentration is increasing in soil and water due to human activities which needs dire attention to address this challenge. Biochar is a promising amendment to remediate polluted soils, however, its role in mitigating the toxic impacts of Sb on plants is still unclear. Seaweed-based fertilizer (SBF) has shown appreciable results in improving plant performance, however, its role against metal toxicity has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study tested the impacts of BC and SBF in mitigating the harmful effects of Sb on rice. The study was carried out with the following treatments; control, Sb stress (600 mg kg^-1), Sb stress + biochar (2%), Sb stress + seaweed-based fertilizer (SBF: 2%), and Sb stress + BC (1%) and SBF (1%). The results showed that Sb toxicity adversely affected rice growth and productivity by impeding photosynthetic pigments, leaf relative water contents, increasing production of oxidative stress biomarkers (electrolyte leakage: EL, hydrogen peroxide: H₂O₂, malondialdehyde: MDA), and accumulation of Sb in plant parts. Contrarily, BC and SBF blends mitigated Sb-induced growth and yield damages in rice by improving photosynthetic efficiency, osmolyte synthesis, nutrient uptake, soil enzymatic activity, and antioxidant activities. Moreover, BC and SBF blend also reduced the bio-accessible Sb concentration (95.63%), bio-accessibility of Sb (25.40%), and Sb transport coefficient (35.70%) by decreasing the soil Sb antimony concentration (52.74%) and converting the Sb into more stable forms. Given these findings, the co-application of BC and SBF showed a profound improvement in rice yield by regulating photosynthetic performance, antioxidant activities, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant activities, and soil properties.

147. 题目: A review of properties of organic matter fractions in soils of mangrove wetlands: Implications for carbon storage
文章编号: N24112709
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Pestheruwe Liyanaralalage Iroshaka Gregory Marcelus Cooray, Gareth Chalmers, David Chittleborough
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: Soil organic matter (SOM) is partitioned among structurally and functionally distinct pools. Information on these different SOM fractions in mangrove environments are emerging and the three-pool classification of SOM into particulate organic matter (POM), mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) has become the operational framework of most mangrove studies. The differences in degree of protection provided by physical and chemical mechanisms against microbial decomposition of these fractions lay a strong foundation for empirical SOM studies in mangroves. In this review, we discuss the formation and transformation pathways and stabilization mechanisms of these SOM fractions in mangroves under different environmental conditions. We also show that further studies on lesser-known forms of SOM such as FeS-MAOM, pyrite-MAOM, and Al-MAOM could set a path better understanding long-term stabilization of mangrove SOM. The binding capacity of sediments with DOM points to a hidden potential of mangroves to store soil carbon, which is not accounted in traditional sediment and carbon accumulation models. In addition, incorporating the feedback from SOM fractions to different physiochemical and climatic conditions can improve carbon dynamic projections in mangrove ecosystems using carbon models.

148. 题目: Developing novel spectral indices for precise estimation of soil pH and organic carbon with hyperspectral data and machine learning
文章编号: N24112708
期刊: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment
作者: Shagun Jain, Divyashikha Sethia, Kailash Chandra Tiwari
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要:

Accurate soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC) estimations are vital for sustainable agriculture, as pH affects nutrient availability, and SOC is crucial for soil health and fertility. Hyperspectral imaging provides a faster, non-destructive, and economical alternative to standard soil testing. The study utilizes imaging spectroscopic data from the Africa Soil Information Service (AfSIS) and Land Use and Coverage Area Frame Survey (LUCAS-2009) hyperspectral datasets, capturing spatially distributed spectral information. Machine learning (ML) approaches using high-dimensional spectral bands can be computationally expensive, while those using spectral indices are typically limited to multispectral data. This study addresses these challenges by comparing soil pH and SOC prediction using ML models, with both existing spectral indices and individual hyperspectral bands as input features. Results demonstrate that hyperspectral bands outperform existing indices in predictive accuracy, with R(^{2}) values ranging from 0.8 to 0.94 for both soil pH and SOC. To further enhance prediction performance, this study proposes novel spectral indices-soil pH index (SPI) and soil organic carbon index (SOCI)-specifically designed for hyperspectral data using principal component analysis (PCA) and artificial neural networks (ANN). The proposed SPI and SOCI indices address multicollinearity issues and high dimensionality in raw spectral bands, significantly improving predictive accuracy. The SPI and SOCI indices achieve R(^{2}) values of 0.86 for AfSIS soil pH, 0.945 for LUCAS-2009 soil pH, 0.952 for AfSIS SOC, and 0.963 for LUCAS-2009 SOC. These results show that the proposed spectral indices provide a practical solution for precision agriculture, enhancing soil pH and SOC estimations.

149. 题目: Biochar‑based hydrogel evaporator with vertically arranged channels for efficient solar steam generation, desalination and water purification
文章编号: N24112707
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Honghai Wan, Xinxi Fu, Yonghua Chen, Lizhen Zhao, Tingting Wang, Yuancen Liu
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: Three-dimensional (3D) evaporators are regarded as a promising solution to the global water crisis due to their extensive evaporation surface area and minimal diffuse reflection. Nevertheless, the limited water supply capacity of 3D evaporators may greatly hinder their highly efficient evaporation and widespread application. In this study, we designed and developed a biochar-based hydrogel 3D evaporator with vertically aligned channels (CAM), composed of rice straw-derived carbon, hydrogel, and sodium alginate. The material combination and vertical structure endow the CAM with high light-absorbing capacity (∼100 %), exceptional photothermal conversion efficiency (126.08 %), rapid water transport, and efficient evaporation (1.88 kg·m^-2h^-1, 1KW/m²). Additionally, the CAM presents an effective and stably evaporation rate in saline solutions without salt deposition, and also demonstrates outstanding purification in various wastewater. This research provides a prospective biochar‑based hydrogel evaporator for efficient solar steam generation, desalination and water purification.

150. 题目: Molecular insights into Mn-based heterogeneous catalytic ozonation for enhanced removal of AOC precursors in drinking water
文章编号: N24112706
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Yanyi Wang, Shengyin Tang, Congyu Hou, Hang Luo, Yuepeng Deng, Yanjun Li, Kai Yang, Xihui Zhang
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: The regeneration of assimilable organic carbon (AOC) during chlorinated disinfection in drinking water treatment poses serious risks to human health. However, conventional ozonation processes in drinking water treatment plants cannot effectively solve this problem. In this study, Mn-based heterogeneous catalytic ozonation, namely the O₃/Mn@CMs process, was employed to overcome this bottleneck. The O₃/Mn@CMs process exhibited much better elimination performance for AOC precursors than the O₃ process. The removal rate of AOC precursors reached approximately 80 % during the O₃/Mn@CMs process at an ozone dosage of 5 mg/L and a retention time of 5 min. Two fluorescence components, tyrosine-like components and terrestrial-based humic acids, were identified as the main components of the AOC precursors and were effectively removed by over 50 % during the O₃/Mn@CMs process. Moreover, the O₃/Mn@CMs process could more significantly enhance the saturation of dissolved organic matter than the O₃ process but exhibited a limited effect on the redox states. The O₃/Mn@CMs process effectively enhanced the removal of N- and S-containing compounds with CHON compounds (46.49 %) as the dominant precursors, while CHO compounds were the main precursors (62.09 %) in the O₃ process. Oxygen addition reactions were the major reaction pathways occurring in both the O₃ and O₃/Mn @CM processes. In most cases, compared to the O₃ process, the O₃/Mn@CMs process could more thoroughly oxidize DOM, especially N- and S-containing compounds, into more products via more diverse reaction pathways. This work provides a deep molecular insight into the water purification mechanism of enhanced heterogeneous catalytic ozonation and would be beneficial for the optimization of ozonation-related processes for advanced drinking water treatment.

151. 题目: Microbial trait multifunctionality drives soil organic matter formation potential
文章编号: N24112705
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Emily D Whalen, A Stuart Grandy, Kevin M Geyer, Eric W Morrison, Serita D Frey
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要:

Soil microbes are a major source of organic residues that accumulate as soil organic matter, the largest terrestrial reservoir of carbon on Earth. As such, there is growing interest in determining the microbial traits that drive soil organic matter formation and stabilization; however, whether certain microbial traits consistently predict soil organic matter accumulation across different functional pools (e.g., total vs. stable soil organic matter) is unresolved. To address these uncertainties, we incubated individual species of fungi in soil organic matter-free model soils, allowing us to directly relate the physiological, morphological, and biochemical traits of fungi to their soil organic matter formation potentials. We find that the formation of different soil organic matter functional pools is associated with distinct fungal traits, and that ‘multifunctional’ species with intermediate investment across this key grouping of traits (namely, carbon use efficiency, growth rate, turnover rate, and biomass protein and phenol contents) promote soil organic matter formation, functional complexity, and stability. Our results highlight the limitations of categorical trait-based frameworks that describe binary trade-offs between microbial traits, instead emphasizing the importance of synergies among microbial traits for the formation of functionally complex soil organic matter.

152. 题目: Characteristics of soil carbon density distribution and influencing factors in typical karst regions of China
文章编号: N24112704
期刊: Environmental Earth Sciences
作者: Liangliang Dai, Xiangrong Hu, Jun Zhang, Zhigang Peng, Hao Gong, Qingyang Xu, Can He, Yuqi Zhang, Siyao Feng
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要:

As a typical area with widespread karst landforms in China, Hunan Province has rich karst landforms. The karst regions in Xiangxi have a significant carbon storage potential, which plays a crucial role in China’s carbon neutrality goals. Based on multi-objective regional geochemical survey data, the distribution characteristics of soil carbon density and carbon storage in the surface (0–20 cm), middle layer (20–100 cm), and deep layer (120–170 cm) of the study area were calculated, and the main influencing factors of soil organic carbon density changes were analyzed. The study reveals that most of the carbon in the soil carbon reservoir of Xiangxi karst region, exists in the form of organic carbon. The composition of the soil carbon reservoir is mainly controlled by soil forming factors such as geological background, soil types, and land use types. The distribution of soil carbon density and carbon storage in the study area is closely related to the geological background, with soil carbon mainly distributed in marine carbonate rock formations. Limestone soil, yellow loam, and red-yellow soil have the widest distribution range and the highest organic carbon density, making them more suitable for carbon sequestration. Different land use types in the study area, due to varying degrees of human impact, exhibit significant differences in soil organic carbon density. Grasslands and forests, which are less affected by human activities, have higher soil organic carbon density and the strongest carbon sequestration capacity. Therefore, it is evident that grasslands and forests have significant potential for soil carbon sequestration. This information is crucial for assessing the current state of soil carbon density in Hunan and its potential for carbon storage, as well as for mitigating greenhouse gas effects. It provides more accurate data to support Hunan Province’s contribution to global climate change mitigation efforts.

153. 题目: Applicability analysis of algae biochar for anaerobic membrane bioreactors in wastewater treatment: A review from a sustainability assessment perspective.
文章编号: N24112703
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Yuanying Yang, Wenshan Guo, Jian Zhang, Shuang Liang, Qiang Liu, Jianyong Liu, Huu Hao Ngo, Huiying Zhang
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: The incorporation of biochar can significantly enhance the performance of anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs), achieving up to a 95 % increase in pollutant removal efficiency and an 86 % improvement in methane production. Algae biochar, in particular, shows great promise as an effective additive in AnMBR systems because of its low cost (approximately $0.470/kg) and the abundance of raw material sources. This paper presents a comprehensive applicability analysis of algae biochar-AnMBRs from a sustainability assessment perspective, addressing technical, environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Key technical benefits include a reduction in membrane fouling by 92.1 % and an enhancement of energy recovery by 58.7 % compared to conventional AnMBRs. Following this, the paper evaluates algae biochar-AnMBRs from environmental, economic, and social viewpoints to emphasize the practical applicability and potential of this process. Finally, this review addresses the limitations related to the full-scale implementation of this technology and proposes strategic approaches to overcome these challenges. Overall, the review provides valuable insights into the practical application of algae biochar-AnMBR systems, with a strong focus on sustainability.

154. 题目: Are there links between nutrient inputs and the response of microbial carbon use efficiency or soil organic carbon? A meta-analysis
文章编号: N24112702
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: Minghui Liu, Hanyang Lin, Junmin Li
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要: Microbial carbon (C) use efficiency (CUE) is a comprehensive parameter to measure the accumulation and loss of soil C caused by microbial growth and respiration, which is considered to determine the fate of soil organic C (SOC). Microbial CUE is sensitive to the changes in soil nutrients, such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus, making it crucial to assess the response of microbial CUE to nutrient inputs caused by climate change and human activities, as well as its contribution to SOC accumulation. Here, we curated a dataset from 58 studies (389 paired observations) to examine the effects of nutrient inputs on global soil microbial CUE and the relationship between microbial CUE and SOC. The meta-analysis showed that nutrient inputs increased soil microbial CUE by 11.5%. The response of microbial CUE to nutrient inputs varied among different treatments (i.e., nutrient form, application rates in N, and experiment duration), ecosystems, and climatic factors. The variable response of microbial CUE to nutrient inputs was mainly affected by the changes of soil N availability and C-, N-related hydrolase activity, showing significant positive and negative relationships, respectively. There was no significant statistic correlation between microbial CUE and SOC under the condition of nutrient inputs. While a significant positive correlation was observed between microbial CUE and SOC under both inorganic and short-term nutrient inputs. The present study sheds light on a comprehensive understanding of microbial CUE in the global range of nutrient inputs, and highlights the need for more studies paying more attention to the role of microbial CUE in SOC sequestration.

155. 题目: Management of the soil environment using biochar and zeolite in various combinations: impact on soil condition and economical aspects
文章编号: N24112701
期刊: Journal of Soils and Sediments
作者: Sylwia Kukowska, Katarzyna Szewczuk-Karpisz
更新时间: 2024-11-27
摘要:

Purpose

Both biochars (BCs) and zeolites (Zs) are defined as soil conditioners affecting various parameters of soil environment. In most cases, BCs and Zs are characterized by well-developed specific surface area, high porosity, and excellent sorption properties, which is highly helpful in soil reclamation or conditioning. This literature review compares impact of BCs and Zs on the physicochemical properties of various soils as well as economic aspects of their synthesis.

Materials and methods

The review was prepared based on the articles published in the last 5 years (2018–2023). The articles were selected from the ScienceDirect® database using the keywords: ‘biochar/zeolite impact on soil physicochemical properties’, ‘biochar/zeolite impact on water retention of soil’ and ‘biochar/zeolite economic aspects’.

Results and discussion

Based on the available data, it can be stated that both BCs and Zs have good sorptive properties, which usually contributes to better growth of crops. Comparing them and choosing which one is more promising depends on the specific purpose and type of soil to which they are to be applied. BCs usage contributes mainly to providing organic matter and improving soil structure, while Zs enhance soil water retention. The profitability of BCs/Zs production depends largely on the precursor as well as the synthesis method.

Conclusions

Due to the fact that impact of synthetic Zs on the soil environment is much less frequently investigated than that of BCs, the research using Zs and various soil types is especially needed. In some cases, it is advisable to apply biochar (BC) and zeolite (Z) simultaneously. Combinations of these materials may provide benefits in soil structure, water retention, and fertility. Such mixed techniques should be investigated in the near future.

156. 题目: Low-cost Ca/Mg co-modified biochar for effective phosphorus recovery: Adsorption mechanisms, resourceful utilization, and life cycle assessment
文章编号: N24112511
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Ming Chen, Yifan Liu, Junchao Pan, Yuling Jiang, Xueyan Zou, Yangyang Wang
更新时间: 2024-11-25
摘要: Effective recovery of phosphorus from wastewater and reutilization are important for controlling water eutrophication and achieving resourceful utilization of pollutants. In this study, a low-cost, eco-friendly, and highly efficient Ca/Mg co-modified coffee grounds biochar (CMBC) was synthesized in one step for phosphorus adsorption, and the potential application of the phosphorus absorbed CMBC (CMBC-P) as a fertilizer was also explored. The results showed that the surface of CMBC was covered by granular calcium/magnesium oxides with a rougher layered stacking structure. The adsorption capacity of CMBC for phosphorus has been significantly improved compared with that Ca or Mg modification, with the maximum adsorption capacity reached 144.31 mg/g. The mechanisms primarily involve surface precipitation, complexation, ligand exchange, and electrostatic attraction. Density functional theory calculation revealed that the Ca-based active sites were the main binding sites (−6.58 and −6.41 Kcal/mol) for phosphorus compared with that of the Mg (−0.89 Kcal/mol). Natural aging experiment showed that approximately 74.87 % of the adsorbed phosphorus can be released to soil within 60 days and the soil available phosphorus also increased significantly. The CMBC-P also significantly enhanced the germination and growth of plants. Moreover, life cycle assessment revealed that the production of CMBC emitted only 8.38 kg CO₂ eq, and a more environmentally friendly approach was also proposed. Cost benefit analysis confirmed the exceptional cost-effectiveness (15.15 g P/$) of CMBC among various adsorbents. Overall, CMBC demonstrated excellent potential for removal phosphorus from water and further use as a phosphorus fertilizer.

157. 题目: Effect of inorganic component of biochar on lead adsorption performance and the enhancement by MgO modification
文章编号: N24112510
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: Stephen Johnson Khamis Yesto, Hongru Shang, Xiaohong Lv, James Taban Abdalla, Tengfei Wang, Yanling Yu
更新时间: 2024-11-25
摘要:

Biomass-derived biochar has enormous potential for sustainable and low-cost treatment of lead-contained wastewater. In this study, corncob and cow dung-derived biochar were prepared. The increase in pyrolysis temperature could improve the porous structures, surface area, functional groups and alkalinity, and further provide a higher Pb²⁺ capacity in both biochars. Cow dung biochar performed better than corncob for its higher inorganic mineral content and more alkaline surface. Among them, CDB-600 performed the Langmuir maximum capacity of 357.1 mg/g, with a high surface area of 144.3 m²/g; ion exchange and precipitate were the main adsorption mechanisms. After further MgO modification, the M-CDB displayed a high surface area of 166 m²/g, and ion exchangeability and precipitate-promoting effects were improved. M-CDB performed a Langmuir maximum capacity of 833.3 mg/g. The pHpzc was found to be 10 and the adsorbents portray a very good Pb²⁺ adsorption selectivity among coexisting ions in the solution. The adsorption process was found to be endothermic, feasible, spontaneous and chemisorption. The fixed lead on CDB-600 was stable in water. The immobilized lead could be desorbed by acid wash. CDB-600 performed better in terms of sustainability in use, which could support its continuous application ability.

158. 题目: Efficient adsorption and mechanistic analysis of phosphorus in acid leaching solution of incinerated sewage sludge ash by zirconium-modified reed biochar
文章编号: N24112509
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Qin Yuan, Yaoting Duan, Li Fan, Chunli Zheng, Ruijing Su, Nuo Liu, Jun Wu
更新时间: 2024-11-25
摘要: Resource recovery of phosphorus (P) from incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) was achieved by wet chemical leaching and selective adsorption of biochar material. Sulfuric acid was used to extract P from ISSA to obtain a P-rich solution with a leaching rate of 96.56 %. Zirconium-modified reed biochar (Zr-RB) was prepared by impregnation method, which could efficiently and selectively recover P from acid leaching solution with high adsorption efficiency of more than 99 %. Three adsorption kinetic models and four adsorption isotherm models were fitted to the batch adsorption experimental data, and it was found that the quasi-second kinetic model and the Freundlich model as well as the Redlich-Peterson model could better describe the adsorption of P by Zr-RB. It showed that the adsorption of P by Zr-RB was an easily occurring adsorption process dominated by multilayer adsorption and nonuniform adsorption, supplemented by monolayer and uniform adsorption. Calculations of surface adsorption energy, molecular electrostatic potential and spin-polarized molecular orbitals based on material characterization and density functional theory (DFT) were carried out to explore the interaction mechanism of Zr-RB adsorption on P involving surface precipitation, pore filling and ligand exchange. In addition, Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH) product with a P bioavailability rate of 80.17 % was generated from the recovered P. In conclusion, the effective recovery of P from ISSA and the use of Zr-RB as an efficient P adsorbent have broad application prospects.

159. 题目: Biochar induced the decoupling of exciton dissociation and intersystem cross in BiOBr heterojunction for dual-channel boosted oxygen activation
文章编号: N24112508
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Tian Fu, Hanbing Zhang, Linxing Wang, Tao Zhang, Jing Sun, Kun Liu, Luo Guo, Pengfei Wang, Sihui Zhan
更新时间: 2024-11-25
摘要: Two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit a strong propensity for exciton generation upon photoexcitation compared to bulk counterparts. However, as exciton relaxation processes, intersystem crossing (ISC) and exciton dissociation always compete in the carrier dynamics. This study presents a strategy to decouple exciton dissociation and ISC by introducing a nitrogen-doped biochar (NBC) as the ISC center to modify Z-scheme heterojunction (BiOBr/BiOIO₃, BB). NBC-BB achieved a 1.75 times interfacial driving force compared to BB and suppressed the exciton binding energy (E_b) from 107 meV to 85 meV. Moreover, due to the spontaneous incorporation of Br into NBC during the preparation process, the singlet and triplet energy level difference (ΔE_ST) was shortened by 0.079 eV to intensify ISC on NBC. The constructive collaboration of exciton dissociation and ISC guaranteed the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) with strong redox potential and selectivity, achieving efficient removal of refractory organic pollutants under visible light. The bolstered oxygen adsorption indicated effective oxygen activation capability of NBC-BB, leading to a 1.4-fold and 3.1-fold increase in the generation efficiency of ¹O₂ and •O₂⁻, respectively. This study also presented experiments on various influencing factors, cyclic stability, and a feasible continue-flow system, showcasing the stability and potential for the practical application.

160. 题目: Addition of bacterial-feeding nematodes contributes to soil phosphorus availability by affecting the mineralization of moderately labile organic phosphorus
文章编号: N24112507
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Jigao Wang, Kai Wei, Jialiang Tang, Chaoyan Yuan, Yanling Wang, Xiaoming Sun, Bo Zhu
更新时间: 2024-11-25
摘要: Improving the soil residual organic phosphorus (P) utilization rate is important for alleviating P resource shortages and reducing water pollution. Bacterial-feeding nematodes can impact soil alkaline phosphomonoesterase (AlP) activity and mediated organic P mineralization through affecting AlP-producing bacteria that harbor the phoD gene. However, it is unclear which organic P fraction mineralization is promoted with increasing AlP activity after bacterial-feeding nematodes are added, and whether this promotion effect varies with fertilization regimes. Microcosm experiments without (control; -Nematode) and with adding bacterial-feeding nematode Eucephalobus (+Nematode) were carried out in the present study to investigate impacts of bacterial-feeding nematodes on organic P mineralization by using soils collected from four fertilization regimes: non-fertilized control (CK), chemical nitrogen (N), P and potassium (K) fertilizers (NPK), crop straw plus chemical fertilizers (SNPK), pig manure plus chemical fertilizers (MNPK). After 30 days, +Nematode treatment significantly increased soil AlP activity under all the fertilization regimes, and also increased the richness index of AlP-producing bacteria as well as the relative abundances of the gram-positive (G+) bacteria Actinomycetia, Streptomyces and Amycolatopsis. Meanwhile, these three G+ bacteria showed a significant positive correlation with AlP activity, and contributed the most to the different AlP-producing bacterial community compositions under -Nematode treatment versus +Nematode treatment. Moreover, +Nematode treatment only significantly increased the labile organic P (NaHCO3-Po) content in CK and SNPK soils, and the moderately labile organic P (NaOH I-Po) content in SNPK soil. Correlation analysis showed that the AlP activity had positive relationships with the AlP-producing bacterial richness index, community composition and NaOH I-Po, water-soluble P (NH4Cl-Pi) contents. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) revealed that NaOH I-Po, under the direct influence of AlP, indirectly and positively influenced NH4Cl-Pi by affecting moderately labile inorganic P (NaOH I-Pi). Overall, this study increases our understanding of the effect mechanism of bacterial-feeding nematodes on organic P mineralization, and finds that the addition of bacterial-feeding nematodes under straw returning may have a better effect in improving the soil P availability compared with their addition under other fertilization regimes.