论文检索

总访问量：6124363次

总访客量：491987人

所有论文

1. 题目: Divergent controls of climate-driven organic carbon burial in glacier-fed and treeline lakes since the Last Deglaciation on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau
文章编号: N26090914
期刊: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
作者: Zimeng Li, Xiangdong Yang, Rong Wang, Mingying Quan, Boyuan Liu, Qian Wang
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: Alpine lakes on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau are important long-term carbon sinks and key components of regional carbon-climate feedbacks, yet how organic carbon burial responds to long-term climate change under contrasting environmental settings remains poorly understood. Here, we reconstruct organic carbon burial and lake productivity since the Last Deglaciation (∼14.0 cal. kyr BP) from two lakes with distinct catchment and ecological settings: glacier-fed Jiren Lake (4492 m a.s.l.) above the modern treeline and Tingming Lake (3779 m a.s.l.) within the treeline ecotone. Organic carbon accumulation rates (OCAR), sedimentary total organic carbon (TOC), chlorophyll-a (Chl-a), and geochemical proxies were used to assess carbon burial dynamics. During the Younger Dryas, OCAR decreased synchronously in both lakes, reflecting reduced carbon burial under prolonged ice cover, weakened catchment runoff, and suppressed productivity. In the Early Holocene, intensified monsoon precipitation and regional warming enhanced carbon burial through contrasting pathways: vegetation expansion and increased terrestrial organic matter inputs dominated the treeline lake, whereas glacier retreat, prolonged ice-free seasons, and enhanced in-lake productivity promoted carbon burial in the glacier-fed alpine lake. After ∼6.0 cal. kyr BP, the two lakes followed divergent trajectories, with declining carbon burial in the treeline lake associated with reduced terrestrial inputs and enhanced decomposition, while relatively high burial persisted in the alpine lake due to efficient preservation and rapid sedimentation under continued meltwater influence. These results suggest that lake carbon burial can respond to common climatic forcing through contrasting pathways depending on catchment ecological conditions, cryospheric influence, in-lake productivity, and sedimentary preservation, highlighting strong ecosystem-specific controls on long-term carbon sequestration in alpine lakes.

2. 题目: Pyrolysis Temperature-Regulated Physicochemical Structural Evolution of Flower-like N-doped Biochar and the relevance for CO2 Adsorption Behavior
文章编号: N26090913
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Zihan Liu, Junjie Zhang, Xiong Zhang, Jingai Shao, Shihong Zhang, Hanping Chen, Haiping Yang
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: Biomass-derived N-doped porous carbons are promising adsorbents for CO2 capture because of their tunable pore structures and nitrogen-containing surface groups. Pyrolysis temperature is known to strongly affect their physicochemical properties, yet its role in regulating CO2 adsorption, particularly diffusion behavior, remains unclear. Herein, flower-like N-doped biochars were fabricated from a biomass/ZIF-8 composite precursor via a solvothermal-assisted pyrolysis route. By integrating thermogravimetric kinetic/thermodynamic analysis, multiscale structural and surface chemical characterizations, and adsorption kinetic modeling, the relationship between pyrolysis temperature, biochar structural evolution, and CO2 adsorption behavior was systematically examined. The results show that pyrolysis temperature directs the conversion of the composite precursor by regulating framework degradation, Zn-derived pore-forming reactions, carbon matrix reconstruction, and nitrogen-species evolution. The CO2 uptake increased markedly from 39 mg/g for the sample prepared at 500 °C to a maximum of 134 mg/g for the sample prepared at 900 °C, owing to the more favorable combination of developed microporosity and retained nitrogen functionalities. Further kinetic analysis revealed that CO2 adsorption involved external diffusion, intraparticle diffusion, and near-equilibrium adsorption stages. The adsorption kinetics were closely associated with the temperature-regulated evolution of surface accessibility, nitrogen functionalities, and pore structures. This study provides a process-level understanding of how pyrolysis temperature tailors N-doped biochar structures and their CO2 adsorption behavior, offering guidance for the design of efficient biomass-derived carbon adsorbents.

3. 题目: Optical and molecular indices of dissolved organic matter along a land-to-ocean continuum
文章编号: N26090912
期刊: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
作者: D Huy Dang, Jacob Bothen, Ghatwala Vedanti, Naomi L Stock, M Catherine Eimers, Gwenaelle Chaillou, Alfonso O Mucci
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a critical component of the global carbon cycle and various ecosystem functions. The complexity of its chemical structures and environmental processes requires an extensive analytical workflow for comprehensive characterization, whereas DOM implication in various ecological functions necessitates large-scale environmental investigation. Here, we measured the optical properties of chromophoric DOM (CDOM) and the molecular indices of solid-phase extractable DOM (SPE-DOM) in the vast land-to-ocean continuum of the St. Lawrence system, which encompasses diverse geological watersheds, land uses, vegetation, hydrology, water chemistry and ecosystem functions. The continental waters of Lake Ontario’s watersheds and the Saguenay Fjord are characterized by allochthonous DOM of high aromaticity, large molecular size, and low molecular lability. The molecular indices of SPE-DOM are in agreement, as indicated by the double-bond equivalent and aromaticity index. On the other hand, the DOM of larger water bodies and the marine endmember is smaller, less aromatic, more saturated, has lower O/C ratios, and contains more sulphur and phosphorus. While the results of the two approaches are consistent in fresh and marine waters, discrepancies occur in estuarine waters: SPE-DOM molecular indices varied in a conservative manner with increasing practical salinity, whereas CDOM optical properties remained quasi-constant. Such divergence warrants further investigation to calibrate better these two unique sets of techniques for the highly dynamic estuarine ecosystems. The interpretation of DOM dynamics using optical and molecular indices requires caution in integrating the results into a holistic perspective that encompasses the origins of DOM, its transport and transformation processes, and ultimately, CO2 emissions from continents to the global ocean.

4. 题目: A systematic 15 N ‐amino‐acid tracer framework to identify sources of pelagic marine organic matter
文章编号: N26090911
期刊: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods
作者: E Cepeda, S Bodé, P Boeckx, J Vanaverbeke, U Braeckman, I Lizaga
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: Accurately tracing organic matter sources in marine systems remains challenging, particularly where natural and anthropogenic inputs coexist. Compound‐specific stable isotope analysis of amino acids (CSIA‐AA) offers strong potential for organic matter source discrimination, but its application is limited by the small number of validated δ 15 N‐AA tracers and the lack of tracer selection tools. Here, we evaluate and expand δ 15 N‐AA tracer use by combining controlled laboratory mixtures with a model‐independent tracer selection framework. Artificial mixtures of known composition, including phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fecal pellets from dominant offshore wind farm fouling species ( Mytilus edulis and Metridium senile ), were used to directly assess tracer performance. Application of the “CI/CR/CTS” framework (Conservativeness Index, CI; Consensus Ranking, CR; and Consistency‐Based Tracer Selection, CTS) enabled systematic pre‐unmixing evaluation of δ 15 N‐AA tracers. Trophic (Glu, Ile, Leu, Pro), intermediate (Ser), and metabolic (Thr) AA consistently showed strong source discrimination and reliable mixing behavior. Using this selected AA‐tracer set in a frequentist unmixing model (FingerPro) resulted in improved model fit, stability, and interpretability. These results demonstrate that artificial mixtures provide an effective platform for validating δ 15 N‐AA tracer selection. The “CI/CR/CTS” framework offers a flexible, model‐independent approach that enhances δ 15 N‐AA selection in complex, multi‐endmember marine systems and supports more robust assessments of organic matter source apportionment.

5. 题目: Mitigation of benzo[a]pyrene-induced toxicity in Nile tilapia using Phoenix dactylifera seed biochar
文章编号: N26090910
期刊: Environmental Sciences Europe
作者: Zeinab El-Bouhy, Rasha M Reda, Fatma A S Mohamed, Mohamed W A Elashhab, Tarek Khamis, Afaf N Abdel Rahman
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, poses an increasing threat to aquaculture systems because of its detrimental effects on fish health-related physiological traits. The current study investigated the prospective use of Phoenix dactylifera seed biochar (PDB) to reduce the various hazardous effects triggered by BaP toxicity in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ). For 30 days, fish were randomly assigned to five groups: control, acetone, PDB, BaP, and PDB+BaP. The outcomes clarified that BaP exposure caused a marked reduction in fish survival and induced hematological impairments. In addition, a suppression of immuno-antioxidant responses and acetylcholinesterase activity, along with an elevation of malondialdehyde, cortisol, and glucose concentrations, were observed following BaP exposure. Moreover, the BaP group revealed hepato-renal dysfunctions and histopathological changes in gill, liver, brain, and muscular tissues as well as downregulation of immune-related genes (interferon-alpha and interleukin-10). Furthermore, upregulation of the apoptotic gene ( caspase−3 ), higher residual levels, and a lower survival rate following an Aeromonas hydrophila challenge were found in the BaP-exposed fish. Co-treatment with PDB ameliorated most of the alterations induced by BaP, which was accompanied by enhanced survival, improved tissue architecture, and decreased BaP residues. Following the A. hydrophila challenge, Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a noticeable numerical improvement in the cumulative survival probability of the PDB+BaP group compared to the BaP-exposed group, although the difference was not statistically significant. In conclusion, the outputs of this investigation highlight the practical value of PDB as a promising, low-cost, adsorbent-based strategy for protecting Nile tilapia from BaP contamination, thereby supporting healthier and more resilient aquaculture production systems.

6. 题目: K2FeO4-modified vinasse biochar reduces chromium accumulation in rice grains and enhances Cr(VI) reduction in paddy soil
文章编号: N26090909
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: Min Xu, Yinchen Da, Yutao Gao, Jun Wu, Chao Chen, Lulu Long, Min Deng, Bo Zhang, Gang Yang, Jing Ma
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: K2FeO4-modified biochar (KFB) has shown potential for chromium (Cr) immobilization, but its effects on Cr transformation and translocation within the soil-rice continuum remain poorly understood. We synthesized KFB from vinasse-derived biochar and conducted a pot experiment with Cr-spiked soil (300 mg·kg−1) under four treatments: control (CK), 1% unmodified biochar (VB), 1% FeCl3-modified biochar (FB), and 1% KFB. After 120 days of rice growth, iron plaque (IP) and Cr fractions were determined to elucidate the impact of KFB on Cr dynamics in this system. Compared to CK, VB, and FB, KFB significantly reduced grain Cr concentration by 20.1, 5.3, and 4.1 times, respectively. KFB also increased dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB)-extractable Fe by 49.7%, 58.3%, and 31.5% relative to the three controls, suggesting enhanced IP formation and greater Cr sequestration within IP. The Cr(VI) reduction rate peaked at 90.6% under KFB, exceeding other treatments (83.9–87.6%). KFB exhibited the highest concentrations of Fe(II) and free Fe oxides, both positively correlated with IP formation and Cr complexation. In soil, Cr was predominantly associated with Fe–Mn oxides (FM: 56.3–58.9% of total Cr), with KFB yielding the highest FM-Cr content. Elevated organic matter in biochar-amended soils further promoted Cr immobilization. KFB effectively mitigates Cr accumulation in rice grains and enhances Cr(VI) reduction in rhizosphere soil, primarily via promoting iron plaque formation and Fe–Mn oxide-bound Cr sequestration.

7. 题目: Column adsorption performance, kinetic modelling and DFT analysis of Se (IV) removal using sustainable Fe based biochar
文章编号: N26090908
期刊: Environmental Technology & Innovation
作者: Pratistha Rai, Abdul Rehman, Sonal K Thengane
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: The present work focuses on the synthesis of sustainable Fe-based biochar using bagasse and red mud and examines its efficacy in a column-based system for Se (IV) removal. The adsorption performance of a fixed-bed column is investigated under varying bed heights of 1, 3, and 5 cm, flow rates of 1, 2, and 3 ml/min, and initial concentrations of 1 and 5 mg/l. Experimental breakthrough curves are fitted with three different kinetic models, such as Thomas, Adams Bohart, and Yoon Nelson model. The models described the breakthrough behavior, predicting a maximum adsorption capacity (qo) of 3.98 mg/g, bed saturation concentration (No) of 623.7 mg/l, and 50% breakthrough time (τ) of 990 min at optimized parameters. To further understand the adsorption mechanism, density functional theory (DFT) analysis is performed on the aqueous Se (IV) species. The results revealed that stable complexes are formed between biochar and Se (IV) forms i.e., SeO32- and HSeO3- with the adsorption energies of -29.56 kcal/mol and -21.05 kcal/mol, respectively. SeO32- adsorption was thermodynamically more favorable than HSeO3- adsorption, indicating a stronger affinity of the biochar toward the Se (IV) species. The combined experimental and theoretical findings demonstrate that Fe-based biochar is a promising adsorbent for Se (IV) removal and provides a sustainable pathway for the valorization of agricultural and industrial residues for water treatment applications.

8. 题目: Variability in the Light Absorption Coefficients of phytoplankton, non-algal particles and colored dissolved organic matter in European Coastal Waters: A Two-Year Dataset in the Context of Historical Observations
文章编号: N26090907
期刊: Biogeosciences
作者: Paola Potin, Isabella Mayot, Chiara Santinelli, Emmanuel Boss, Vittorio E Brando, Margherita Costanzo, Victor Martinez-Vicente, David Doxaran
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: . Coastal ecosystems play a major role in global biogeochemical cycles, which are challenging for ocean color satellite observations due to independent variability in the dynamics of phytoplankton, non-algal particles (NAP), and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM). Field measurements and match-ups with satellite data are required to assess the validity of multi-sensor satellite products and optimize (or develop new) bio-optical inversion algorithms. For this purpose, the water reflectance, light absorption and backscattering properties of coastal waters must be measured together with the concentration, composition and size of the optically-active water constituents. In this study, we report the light absorption properties of phytoplankton, NAP and CDOM measured over two years along European coastal waters. Our results show distinct contributions of CDOM from the Atlantic to Mediterranean waters, with CDOM dominating the non-water absorption budget in most regions between 380 and 560 nm. Concerning phytoplankton absorption, the B95 model (Bricaud et al., 1995), linking chlorophyll concentration to phytoplankton absorption, reproduces the overall spectral shape but exhibits regional biases, with both over and underestimation, depending on the local phytoplankton community size structure, physiological photo-acclimation states, and specific taxonomic compositions. These results highlight limitations in the current parameterizations under contrasting coastal optical regimes. The mass-specific absorption coefficient of NAP (aNAP∗​) reflects variability in particle assemblages and river inputs, with a systematic significant contribution in the near-infrared (NIR) part of the spectrum. Overall, our results provide improved constraints on regional optical variability and contribute to the refinement of bio-optical models and ocean color algorithms in complex coastal environments.

9. 题目: Insights into the Microbial Community Dynamics during Seeding and Its Role in Developing Biological Activated Carbon Filter for Simultaneous Biodegradation of Organics, Nitrogen, and Emerging Contaminants from Secondary Effluent
文章编号: N26090906
期刊: ACS ES&T Engineering
作者: Srikanth V, Bhanu Prakash Vellanki
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: The study evaluates seeding granular activated carbon (GAC) with sewage and sludge inocula to understand the dynamics of the microbial community over 25 days and to optimize the duration of seeding for beneficial biofilm formation on GAC. The study also evaluates the impact of seeding duration on conversion of GAC into biological activated carbon (BAC), attainment of steady-state conditions, and simultaneous degradation of organics, nitrogen, and emerging contaminants (ECs). A 7-day seeding successfully kick-starts bacterial activity, introducing heterotrophs as well as pathogens, and exhibits a low abundance of nitrifiers and denitrifiers. At 14 days, a balanced community of heterotrophs, nitrifiers, and denitrifiers was found. At 21 days, microbes responsible for producing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were found, which are crucial for bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation while maintaining a balanced microbiome. The columns loaded with 25 days (BAC-25) and 7 days (BAC-7) seeded BAC reached a steady state at 2881 (30 days) and 4801 (50 days) bed volumes (BVs), respectively, while the control reached 20,166 BVs (210 days). BAC-25 showed a reduction in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) by 80% (80% removal, respectively. Higher protein content in EPS improved electron transfer, which is positively correlated with the detection of more transformation products and a higher abundance of functional genes encoding enzymes likely involved in the degradation of ECs. Over time, pathogens were also eliminated from the BAC biofilm due to competitive disadvantage. Overall, seeding expedited the conversion of GAC into BAC, with enhanced microbial diversity and functional roles.

10. 题目: Electrochemically Generating High-Spin MnIII for the Targeted Production of 1O2 from O2 Mediated by Dissolved Organic Matter
文章编号: N26090905
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Min Sun, Zhao-Jian Hu, Liang-Long Xing, Shu-Ya Xu, Jin Wang, Lin-Feng Zhai, Guo-Ping Sheng
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM), ubiquitously present in aquatic systems, exerts a significant impact on advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), typically acting as an inhibitor. However, our investigation in this work reveals that DOM can function as an activator of molecular oxygen (O2) for selective singlet oxygen (1O2) production through an innovative electrochemical regulation strategy. A positive electric field was utilized to trigger the electrochemical oxidation of MnII in MnO, generating high-spin MnIII that targets the transformation of ortho-hydroquinone moieties in DOM to ortho-semiquinone radical (ortho-SQ•–). The metal–ligand cooperation stabilized ortho-SQ•– on the MnO surface as MnII-ortho-SQ•– complexes, which effectively activated dissolved O2 into 1O2 with •O2– as an intermediate. Elementary electron-transfer steps among high-spin MnIII, ortho-hydroquinone, and O2 were systematically elucidated, based on which a quantitative relationship between the structural characteristics of ortho-hydroquinone and 1O2 production was established. Electron-donating groups on ortho-hydroquinone showed an enhancing effect on 1O2 production by promoting the formation of surface MnII-ortho-SQ•– complexes as well as their reactions with O2. By integrating the DOM-mediated O2 activation pathway into an electrochemical oxidation system, we achieved a remarkable improvement in phenol degradation efficiency, with a twofold acceleration of the degradation rate and over 50% reduction in energy consumption. This work establishes a mechanistic framework describing how DOM synergizes with electrochemical oxidation reactions to in situ activate dissolved O2 under an electric field drive, paving a new avenue for developing innovative water remediation processes by exploiting DOM-O2 interactions in aquatic systems.

11. 题目: Microbially Driven Physicochemical Destabilization in Organic Matter Turnover
文章编号: N26090904
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Xiao-Lin Liu, Xiang-Feng Zeng, Hai-Wei Wei, Zhi-Bin Wang
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: The persistence of organic matter has long been attributed to the intrinsic recalcitrance of complex biopolymers and the constraints of enzymatic degradation. However, across both marine and terrestrial ecosystems, structurally complex polymers such as chitin, cellulose, and lignin exhibit unexpectedly rapid turnover. This discrepancy reveals a mismatch between molecular-scale stability and ecosystem-scale carbon fluxes. Here, a new perspective, Microbial Physicochemical Priming (MPCP), is proposed to reconcile this paradox. MPCP is defined as the metabolism-driven physicochemical modification of the microenvironment that enhances the accessibility of complex organic matter to enzymatic depolymerization. Through the production of reactive intermediates, including reduced sulfur species, ferrous iron, reactive nitrogen species, and reactive oxygen species, microbial communities generate steep physicochemical gradients at submillimeter scales. These gradients induce physicochemical destabilization of polymer structures, increasing accessibility for subsequent enzymatic attack. MPCP posits that microbial metabolism actively engineers microscale physicochemical environments that precede or accompany and facilitate enzymatic hydrolysis. The metabolism-driven priming provides a bridge between microscale microbial activity and macroscale carbon cycling. Incorporating MPCP into biogeochemical models offers a pathway to resolve longstanding discrepancies in organic matter turnover and substantially improve predictions of carbon–climate feedbacks under environmental change.

12. 题目: Reactive Iron-Bound Organic Carbon Shows Unexpected Persistence under Anoxic Burial
文章编号: N26090903
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Zicheng Chen, Chenglong Wang, Zhuoyue Zhang, Qiujun An, Tianyu Chen, Chendong Ge, Manqing Zhang, Yaping Wang, Xinqing Zou
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: The interaction between organic carbon (OC) and reactive iron (FeR) plays a critical role in suppressing OC mineralization, with the resulting FeR-bound OC (FeR-OC) constituting an important carbon sink in marine sediments. Traditional views suggest that under anoxic conditions, associations between FeR and OC not only enhance the OC accumulation and persistence but also inhibit the reductive dissolution of FeR. However, this framework leaves unresolved uncertainties regarding how FeR and OC mutually promote their costabilization under anoxic conditions. In this study, sequential chemical extraction was employed to distinguish organically complexed iron-bound OC (Fep-OC) from iron-oxide-bound OC (Feox-OC). Our results reveal that Fep represents a previously underrecognized iron-associated OC pool that contributes to the OC preservation in marine sediments. Under anoxic conditions, Fep promotes OC retention and offsets the decline in Feox-OC. Despite its lower abundance, Fep accounts for the stabilization of an average of 20.59% of the sedimentary OC. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses further indicate that Feox-OC is relatively enriched in aromatic and alcohol/phenol functional groups compared with bulk OC, whereas Fep-OC exhibits no distinct enrichment of specific functional groups. Collectively, this study provides field-based evidence for the redistribution of OC among different FeR-bound fractions and highlights the potentially important contribution of Fep to OC preservation under anoxic conditions.

13. 题目: Gram‐Negative Bacteria and Fungi Govern Photosynthetic Carbon Transformation in Moss Biocrusts of the Mu Us Sandland
文章编号: N26090902
期刊: European Journal of Soil Science
作者: Jingwen Pang, Man Jiang, Chongfeng Bu, Wenxin Zhang, Yingxin Wei, Xinhao Li, Shufang Wu, Kadambot H M Siddique
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: Photosynthetic carbon fixed by moss crusts is a major carbon input to desert ecosystems. Understanding its transformation within moss crusts is crucial for revealing the mechanisms of desert soil carbon cycling and assessing carbon source–sink dynamics. Here, an in situ 13 CO 2 pulse‐labeling experiment was conducted in the Mu Us Sandland to investigate the transformation of photosynthetic carbon in moss crust–soil systems. Samples of moss plant tissue, soil organic carbon (SOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were collected at 1, 4, 10, 22, 35, 50, and 70 days after labeling to quantify changes in 13 C atom percent excess and absolute 13 C content. Phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) were also analyzed to identify microbial groups involved in carbon transformation. The results showed that (1) photosynthetic carbon exhibited a clear decreasing trend with soil depth, following the order: moss plant tissue (80.72‰) > crust layer (−5.51‰) > underlying soil layer (−25.70‰); (2) 13 C in MBC peaked on Day 1 then declined, while 13 C in SOC gradually increased, reaching its maximum on Day 35; (3) PLFA markers for Gram‐negative (G−) bacteria and fungi increased significantly after labeling, both peaking on Day 35; and (4) redundancy analysis revealed significant positive correlations between G− bacteria and fungi with 13 C‐SOC, and negative correlations with 13 C‐MBC. G− bacteria and fungi were the primary drivers of photosynthetic carbon transformation, contributing 34.1% and 20.6% of the explained variance in the RDA, respectively. Overall, photosynthetic carbon was progressively transformed from MBC into stable SOC, highlighting the efficacy of the soil microbial carbon pump (MCP) through the accumulation of microbial necromass during moss biocrust development, with G− bacteria and fungi playing dominant roles.

14. 题目: Post‐Fire Soil Organic Carbon Dynamics: Decline and Recovery Over Two Decades
文章编号: N26090901
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Yuxin Cen, Lei Wang, Bin Zhang, Jun Luo, Qingchun Deng, Haiqing Yang, Hui Liu, Frédéric Darboux
更新时间: 2026-09-09
摘要: Wildfire can significantly alter soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics in forest ecosystems, with complex temporal patterns following fire events. However, research on post‐fire SOC recovery remains limited, particularly in dry‐warm valley regions that are prone to frequent forest fires. This study, based on field investigations and experimental analyses, focused on severely burned sites in the dry‐warm valley of Anning River Basin, Hengduan Mountainous Region, China, from 1996 to 2021. The space‐for‐time substitution method was employed to reveal the patterns of SOC changes in burned sites at different recovery stages and explore influencing factors on SOC. The results showed that SOC and its components were significantly negatively correlated with soil depth and slope aspect ( p < 0.05) but significantly positively correlated with time since fire ( p < 0.01). Specifically, SOC, readily oxidizable carbon (ROC), non‐labile organic carbon (NLOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and mineral‐associated organic carbon (MOC) decreased with the increase in soil depth, with higher content on shady slopes compared with sunny slopes for burned sites and unburned sites. Over a 26‐year recovery timeline, SOC and its components in severely burned sites exhibited an initial decline followed by a gradual increase, with the decline commencing approximately five years after the fire. During the first 10 years of natural recovery, SOC, ROC, NLOC, POC, and MOC contents decreased but thereafter started to increase, while POC content began to increase after 20 years of recovery. Soil physicochemical properties, including soil pH and bulk density, were significantly negatively correlated with SOC and its components ( p < 0.01). Soil porosity, clay, fine root biomass, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and cation exchange capacity exhibited significant positive correlations with SOC and its components ( p < 0.05). ROC, NLOC, POC, and MOC contents were highly positively correlated with SOC content ( p < 0.01). Overall, the findings indicate that SOC loss after severe wildfire can persist for up to a decade, and that full recovery of some SOC components, such as POC, may require over 20 years.

15. 题目: The Hidden Health and Climate Burden of Black Carbon under China’s Dual Carbon Strategy
文章编号: N26090819
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Haoran Xu, Wenxiao Zhang, Shuxiu Zheng, Rong Dai, Wenjun Meng, Yaqi Zhu, Jinghang Wang, Qirui Zhong, Huizhong Shen, Guofeng Shen, Jianmin Ma, Shu Tao
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Black carbon (BC) is a highly toxic air pollutant and potent short-lived climate pollutant. China’s Dual Carbon strategy—peaking carbon emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060—has driven rapid BC emission reductions. However, global inventories still misrepresent BC emissions in China, biasing estimates of its health and climate impacts. Using a localized BC inventory and revised health risk function, we estimate that over 540,000 premature deaths were attributable to BC in China in 2015, more than twice previous reports. Conversely, the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) inventory overestimates BC radiative forcing by 45%. Future projections show that demographic aging may offset health benefits from emission reductions. Our findings reveal that simulation based on CMIP6 inventory systematically underestimate health burden while exaggerating climate mitigation potential of BC. Accurate, region-specific assessments are urgently needed to guide integrated air quality and climate policies under the Dual Carbon goals.

16. 题目: Using machine learning and analytical modelling to predict pharmaceutical breakthrough in biochar columns
文章编号: N26090818
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Bent Speksnijder, Michael C Welle, Noémie Jaquier, Oksana Golovko
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Predicting the breakthrough of pharmaceuticals in biochar adsorption systems remains challenging, as adsorption behaviour strongly depends on both biochar characteristics and pharmaceutical properties. In this study, a comprehensive pharmaceutical breakthrough dataset was evaluated using analytical models (modified and unmodified) alongside Machine Learning (ML) approaches. The modified Dose Response, Yoon–Nelson, and Clark models described the breakthrough behaviour of most pharmaceuticals more accurately than their unmodified forms. The prediction performance does, however, remain sensitive to breakthrough complexity and data quality, which could lead to substantial over- or underestimation. ML models, particularly Random Forest and CatBoost, were able to reconstruct compound-specific breakthrough curves. During pointwise selection, models achieved high predictive accuracy. A more rigorous evaluation withheld an entire compound from training (leave-one-compound-out, LOCO), testing the models' ability to extrapolate to an unseen compound. This was supported by the incorporation of pharmaceutical physicochemical properties alongside breakthrough data, allowing the model to capture compound-specific breakthrough behaviour. Overall, ML provides a powerful tool for predicting pharmaceutical breakthrough in biochar systems and, when combined with analytical models, offers strong potential for data-driven prediction of previously uncharacterised compounds. This approach can improve understanding of adsorption processes and reduce the need for extensive experimental testing of biochar columns.

17. 题目: Ball-milled titanium-modified biochar for the removal of dimethyl phthalate from aqueous solutions
文章编号: N26090817
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Weizheng Kong, Luchen Ai, Jia Ding, Qian Wang, Jinhao Zhang, Xiangfeng Yao, Hongda Sun, Wenjia Kong, Xianxu Li, Benjamin L Turner, Lubsan-zondy Budazhapov, Jun Wang
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Dimethyl phthalate (DMP), a widely occurring organic pollutant in water bodies, has attracted considerable attention for its hazards. In this research, using Suaeda glauca biochar (SGBC) as a carrier, a series of TiO₂/SGBC composites were prepared via ball milling and their photocatalytic performance for DMP degradation was evaluated. A TiO₂ loading of 40% (40%-TiO₂/SGBC) yielded a 93.2% DMP degradation efficiency under visible light irradiation a pH = 9, a catalyst dosage of 0.5 g/L, and an initial DMP concentration of 20 mg/L. Ball milling increased the specific surface area and pore volume of the material and promoted the uniform dispersion of TiO₂ nanoparticles on the biochar surface, forming a stable heterostructure. Photoelectrochemical tests demonstrated that the composite material exhibited favorable photogenerated charge separation and transport properties. Free radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analyses confirmed that ·OH, ¹O₂, and ·O₂⁻ played synergistic roles in the degradation process. Toxicity assessment further indicated that the inhibitory effects of DMP solution on rice seed germination and seedling growth were reduced by 40%-TiO₂/SGBC. This study provides a feasible strategy for the high-value utilization of waste biomass resources and the efficient removal of phthalate pollutants from aquatic environments.

18. 题目: One-step synthesis of Si-containing biochar from wheat dust for oxytetracycline hydrochloride removal: Mechanisms and life cycle assessment
文章编号: N26090816
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Xue Song, Erying Xu, Weishuang Lou, Hailiang Zhao, Guanghui Yan, Xiaodan Lou, Yingming Zhang, Yongde Liu, Guihua Yan
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Wheat dust (WD) is a mixed organic dust produced during the storage, transportation and processing of wheat, and its components include cellulose and ash, etc. To achieve its resource utilization, a “one-step” alkali-activated pyrolysis method was developed to prepare a Si-containing biochar (Si-WDB). Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize adsorption conditions for oxytetracycline hydrochloride (OTC). The specific surface area of Si-WDB increased to 241.75 m2/g, approximately 331 times that of the pristine WD (0.73 m2/g). Semi-quantitative pore-structure analysis suggested that mesopore-associated surface accommodation could account for approximately 72.47% of the measured adsorption capacity. Multi-scale characterizations and DFT calculations suggested that endogenous silicon was redistributed into or associated with the carbonaceous matrix during pyrolysis, providing Si-containing sites that might contribute to OTC adsorption through localized Si-involved interactions, together with π–π EDA interactions and hydrogen bonding. Life cycle assessment (LCA) confirmed a lower carbon footprint (7.06 kg CO₂ eq/kg Si-WDB), highlighting the environmental sustainability of the waste-to-resource strategy. This study established a sustainable pathway for upgrading silicon-rich agricultural waste into biochar adsorbent for antibiotic contaminated water remediation.

19. 题目: From transient to persistent foaming: Interfacial characteristics of sludge-derived proteins and humic substances under organic overloading in anaerobic digestion
文章编号: N26090815
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Xuedong Zhang, Huimin Sun, Shaocong Huang, Xin Li, Hongbo Liu, Ze Zhu, He Liu
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: The transition from transient to persistent foaming under organic overloading in waste activated sludge anaerobic digestion (AD) remains insufficiently understood. This study investigated foam evolution under increasing organic loading rates (OLRs) in a semi-continuous mesophilic digester treating thermal-alkaline-pretreated sludge, focusing on sludge-derived amphiphilic substances and their interfacial effects. Foam initiation occurred at an OLR of 5 g COD/(L·d), whereas persistent foaming was established at 7 g COD/(L·d). Increasing OLR promoted the accumulation of soluble extracellular polymeric substances, particularly proteins and humic-like substances, accompanied by a shift in protein composition toward higher hydrophobicity. The proportion of hydrophobic amino acids, mainly alanine and proline, increased from 29.8% to 35.7% during foam development, suggesting enhanced protein affinity for the gas–liquid interface. Humic substances contributed disproportionately to foam stabilization: 0.5 g/L achieved a foaming tendency comparable to 5.0 g/L sludge-derived proteins. This strong stabilizing effect was associated with lower critical micelle concentration, reduced surface tension, higher viscosity, slower drainage, and delayed bubble coarsening. Beyond physicochemical effects, foam–microbe feedback may occur: the hydrophobic niche favors foam-associated taxa (e.g., Thermovirga and Methanofastidiosum), which, though enriched primarily as an ecological response to overloading, may in turn influence foam stability. Persistent foaming in sludge AD results from organic overloading driving a transition to interfacial stabilization, where seemingly humic substances act as efficient foam stabilizers and hydrophobic amino acids contribute to the stabilization via interfacial adsorption. This mechanism informs a basis for OLR-based early warning and targeted foam control in full-scale digesters treating thermal-alkaline-pretreated waste activated sludge.

20. 题目: Suitable particle-size biochar enhances resilience of potato production and soil environmental to irregular precipitation in semiarid region
文章编号: N26090814
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Zhaoyang Li, Nan Shi, Zhimin Yang, Yubo Cao, Shimeng Fan, Musawer Abbas, Weixing Shan, Ansabayeva Assiya, Zhikuan Jia, Enke Liu, Kadambot H M Siddique, Ruixia Ding, Yuling Meng, Zihan Liu, Jiangang Liu, Peng Zhang
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Climate change has intensified the randomness of precipitation events, threatening the production stability of rainfed agricultural regions. The addition of biochar with a suitable particle size can effectively mitigate these adverse impacts. In this study, biochar of three particle sizes (SB, small: <0.5 mm; MB, moderate: 0.5–2.0 mm; and LB, large: >2.0 mm) were added to typical rainfed farmland to investigate its effects on potato source-sink relationships, yield, precipitation use efficiency (PUE), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), soil micro-environment (NO3–-N and NH4+-N contents, oxygen concentration, temperature, water-filled pore space), N2O emissions, and nitrogen leaching under varied precipitation patterns. Potato tuber yield was mainly governed by precipitation distribution, with biochar addition exerting a secondary effect. By contrast, biochar addition primarily reduced soil N2O emissions, and this mitigating effect was enhanced with increasing precipitation. The application of small and moderate particle size biochar under different precipitation patterns significantly improved the soil micro-environment, and promoted potato source-sink activity and assimilate demand. Among these treatments, MB achieved the best comprehensive effects, it significantly increased tuber yield, PUE, and NUE by 17.8 %, 17.1 %, and 60.8 %, respectively, while lowering soil N2O emissions, yield-scaled N2O emissions, and nitrogen leaching by 29.8 %, 40.2 %, and 20.6 %, respectively. In comparison, LB did not only fail to significantly increase tuber yield but also increased nitrogen leaching. Therefore, added biochar with a particle size of 0.5–2.0 mm can support sustainable potato production in Northwest China.