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181. 题目: Bleached cellulose biochars as a sustainable alternative for oilfield-produced water (OPW) treatment and environmental remediation
文章编号: N24101714
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Lauren M M Machado, Daniele Perondi, Christian Manera, Marcelo Godinho, Gabriela C Collazzo, Luis F O Silva, Marcos L S Oliveira, Naushad Ahmad, Sonaimuthu Mohandoss, Guilherme L Dotto
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: Eucalyptus, a renewable and fast-growing raw material widely used in the paper industry, has great potential for new applications beyond papermaking. Bleached eucalyptus pulp, traditionally used in the pulp industry, has proved to be a promising alternative for removing complex organic compounds such as naphthenic acids (NAs), often found in oil-produced water (OPW). This study aimed to optimize the production of biochars from bleached eucalyptus pulp through pyrolysis at 700, 800, and 900 °C and to correlate the resulting properties with the ability to adsorb NA at low concentrations and in acidic and alkaline media. The research explores realistic environmental scenarios where naphthenic acids may be present in dilute concentrations after initial treatments. The biochars were characterized by their micro and mesoporous structures, amorphous structures, and distinct functional groups and were evaluated in simulated effluents. Biochar B900 reached a maximum adsorption capacity of 35 mg/g at pH 4 and 25 °C, excelling in acidic environments, while at pH 8, biochar B700 showed better performance. The PVSDM model revealed that mass transfer and pore diffusion coefficients increased with increasing pyrolysis temperature. The Langmuir model was the best fit for the experimental data. The biochar produced at 900 °C had the highest specific surface area (1,041.55 m2/g) and pore volume (0.56 cm3 g−1), favoring its adsorption capacity. Although the biochar shows good initial efficiency, the progressive reduction in adsorption capacity over the cycles suggests limited reusability, highlighting the need for optimization in the regeneration process to improve its economic viability in wastewater treatment.

182. 题目: Biochar-driven fouling mitigation in sustainable microalgal-bacterial membrane bioreactors
文章编号: N24101713
期刊: Journal of Membrane Science
作者: Fei Huang, Jiaheng Teng, Yu Zhao, Shangfei Li, Hongjun Lin, Xiang Cai, Meijia Zhang
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: Microalgal-bacterial membrane bioreactor (MB-MBR) have emerged as a crucial technology for sustainable wastewater treatment. However, membrane fouling caused by free microalgae remains a major obstacle to their cost-effective operation. This study investigated the impact of biochar addition on membrane fouling in MB-MBR. The findings indicated that biochar significantly reduced membrane fouling, primarily due to the enlargement of floc size and the reduction of soluble microbial products (SMP). Detailed analyses suggested that biochar's adsorptive properties and its effect on decreasing the abundance of algae and bacteria species, such as Proteobacteria and Leptolyngbya, which promote fouling, are key factors. This alteration enhanced specific amino acid metabolic pathways, thereby reducing SMP production and fouling potential. Consequently, adhesion interaction energy of the flocs and membrane fouling were both diminished. This study demonstrated that biochar addition is an effective strategy for mitigating membrane fouling in MB-MBR systems, providing a theoretical foundation for their stable and sustainable operation.

183. 题目: Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Untangles the Deep Metabolome of Marine Dissolved Organic Matter
文章编号: N24101712
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Stilianos Papadopoulos Lambidis, Tilman Schramm, Karoline Steuer-Lodd, Shane Farrell, Paolo Stincone, Robin Schmid, Irina Koester, Ralph Torres, Thorsten Dittmar, Lihini Aluwihare, Carsten Simon, Daniel Petras
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an ultracomplex mixture that plays a central role in global biogeochemical cycles. Despite its importance, DOM remains poorly understood at the molecular level. Over the last decades, significant efforts have been made to decipher the chemical composition of DOM by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS) and liquid chromatography (LC) coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Yet, the complexity and high degree of nonresolved isomers still hamper the full structural analysis of DOM. To address this challenge, we developed an offline two-dimensional (2D) LC approach using two reversed-phase dimensions with orthogonal pH levels, followed by MS/MS data acquisition and molecular networking. 2D-LC-MS/MS reduced the complexity of DOM, enhancing the quality of MS/MS spectra and increasing spectral annotation rates. Applying our approach to analyze coastal-surface DOM from Southern California (USA) and open-ocean DOM from the central North Pacific (Hawaii), we annotated in total more than 600 structures via MS/MS spectrum matching, which was up to 90% more than that in iterative 1D LC-MS/MS analysis with the same total run time. Our data offer unprecedented insights into the molecular composition of marine DOM and highlight the potential of 2D-LC-MS/MS approaches to decipher the chemical composition of ultracomplex samples.

184. 题目: Pollution of organophosphorus pesticides in the Dongting Lake, China and its relationship with dissolved organic matter: Occurrence, source identification and risk assessment
文章编号: N24101711
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Xiangcheng Liu, Jiao Cao, Wenyu Zhao, Jingyi Jiang, Minghong Cai, Haipeng Wu, Huipeng Zhu, Xiaona Liu, Lei Li
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: The escalating global demand for food and industrialization has placed significant pressure on the integrity and management of inland lake ecosystems. Herein, the organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) pollution status and their relationship with dissolved organic matter (DOM) in Dongting Lake were investigated to identify the ecological risks and potential sources of OPPs. The total concentrations of 18 detected OPPs were in the range of 13.49–375.24 ng/L, with higher concentration observed in east and west lake regions. Among these, fenthion was the dominant contributor, accounting for 64% of total OPPs, posing significant ecological risk to aquatic organisms. Nearly all of sites showed high combined risk of total OPPs. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and fluorescence regional integration (FRI) technique showed that DOM was mainly composed of terrestrial humic-like and tryptophan-like substances. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed a close association between DOM optical parameters and OPP concentrations. Specifically, OPPs exhibited a significantly positive correlation with tyrosine-like substances, while displaying a negative correlation with fulvic acid-like substances. These results indicated that OPP concentrations may decrease with increasing humification levels and declining tyrosine-like substance contents. This study underscores the critical role of DOM in assessing the occurrence and sources of OPPs in aquatic environments, providing valuable insights for effective environmental management strategies.

185. 题目: Effects of different low-temperature pyrolysis treatments on the biotoxicity of biochar derived from tobacco stalks
文章编号: N24101710
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Hong-Chao Hao, Shuo Chen, Zi-Ying Hu, Hong Jiang
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: The pyrolytic treatment of tobacco stalk (TS) waste results in the production of a large amount of biochar, which is usually used for environmental remediation. However, little attention has been given to the effects of different pyrolysis methods on the biotoxicity of TS biochar. This study examined the effects of three different pyrolysis methods at 350 °C (fast pyrolysis, slow pyrolysis, and low-temperature carbonization) on the biotoxicity of TS biochar (Escherichia coli (E. coli) growth and wheat germination). The results revealed that the dissolved organic matter (DOM) of the three types of biochar promoted the growth of E. coli, and the maximum growth of E. coli was ranked as DOM-F350 > DOM-S350 > DOM-350. However, the DOM inhibited the growth of the wheat seeds, with the growth index (below 0.8) of the wheat seeds ranked as DOM-350 > DOM-F350 > DOM-S350. The alkali metal content, pH and humus-like substance content of biochar may be responsible for the biotoxicity of biochar through various mechanisms. In addition, TS-S350 exhibited greater biotoxicity than did TS-F350 because of the greater content of toxic nitrogen-containing organic compounds. These findings can provide reliable theoretical guidance for the effective management and safe utilization of TS waste.

186. 题目: Enhanced Simazine Degradation via Peroxymonosulfate Activation Using Hemin-Doped Rice Husk Biochar as a Novel Fe/N–C Catalyst
文章编号: N24101709
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Aaron Albert Aryee, Md Abdullah Al Masud, Won Sik Shin
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: The presence of herbicides, including simazine (SIM), in aquatic environments pose significant threats to these ecosystems, necessitating a method for their removal. In this study, a hemin-doped rice husk-derived biochar (RBC@Hemin20%) was synthesized using a simple, one-step pyrolysis, and its degradation efficiency towards SIM via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) was assessed. Under optimized conditions (hemin loading = 20 wt%, SIM = 0.5 ppm, RBC@Hemin20% catalyst = 0.2 g L−1, PMS = 2.0 mM, and pH = 5.84 [unadjusted]), RBC@Hemin20%, as an Fe/N–C catalyst, could activate PMS to achieve >99% degradation of SIM. Based on radical scavenger and electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) experiments, both radical (OH and SO4•−) and non-radical (such as singlet oxygen, 1O2) mechanisms and electron transfer were involved in the degradation system. Significant mineralisation (97.3%) and reusability efficiency (∼74.1% SIM degradation after 4 applications) were exhibited by the RBC@Hemin20%/PMS system, which also maintained a remarkable degradation efficiency in tap-, river-, and ground-water. Additionally, the RBC@Hemin20%/PMS system exhibited rapid degradation of tetracycline (TC) and diclofenac (DCF), indicating its prospects in the degradation of other organic pollutants of aquatic environments. The plausible degradation mechanism pathways of SIM are proposed based on identified intermediates. Finally, the toxicity of these intermediate products is analysed using the Ecological Structure Activity Relationship (ECOSAR) software. It is expected that this study will expand the current knowledge on the synthesis of efficient biomass-based Fe/N-C composites for the removal of organic pollutants in water.

187. 题目: Responses of soil organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon, and microbial quotient to ground cover management practices in Chinese orchards: a data synthesis
文章编号: N24101708
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Weiting Ding, Jinmei Chen, Yeru Wu, Jianuo Mu, Zhidong Qi, Francis Zvomuya, Hailong He
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要:

Background and aims

Soil microbial quotient (SMQ), the ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) to organic carbon (SOC), is considered a key predictor of soil quality. However, the variations in SMBC and SMQ under ground cover management (GCM) in orchard systems remain poorly understood.

Methods

This study established a national database of SOC, SMBC, and SMQ, as well as associated climatic and edaphic factors, and agronomic practices from 288 field experiments across China. We leveraged the data to assess the responses and controlling factors of SOC, SMBC, and SMQ to GCM practices using a meta-analysis.

Results

Our findings demonstrate that GCM significantly increases SOC (20%), SMBC (35%), and SMQ (19%) compared to conventional clean (bare ground) tillage. The categorical meta-analyses reveal that the response varies with management and environmental factors. The effect of GCM on SOC, SMBC, and SMQ is prominent in tropical rainy areas with low SOC content (< 10 g kg−1), neutral soils (pH = 6–8), full cover with live grass, and shallow soils. Furthermore, the random forest modeling further demonstrates that soil depth is the dominant driver for responses of SOC, SMBC, and SMQ to GCM. The GCM-induced changes in SOC, SMBC and SMQ decline significantly as soil depth increased. The significant increase in SMQ was mainly observed in the upper 40 cm soil layer, which indicates that the ability of microorganisms to assimilate carbon decreases with soil depth.

Conclusion

Overall, we conclude that GCM practices could improve carbon sink and boost biological soil health in Chinese orchards. The response, however, varied depending on local environmental factors. We also highlight that a careful assessment of the site-specific conditions is needed to determine the appropriate GCM practices for potential benefits.

Graphical

1. microbes assimilate SOC; 2. SOC decomposition releases CO2; 3. microbial growth produces CO2; and 4. the microbial necromass and byproducts are returned to soil. Numbers in parentheses represent the sample size. SOC, soil organic carbon; SMBC: soil microbial biomass carbon; SMQ: the ratio of SMBC to SOC; MAT, mean annual temperature; MAP, mean annual precipitation; TN, total nitrogen.

188. 题目: Insight into the co-hydrothermal humification of corn stalk and sewage sludge for enhanced nitrogen-rich humic acid production
文章编号: N24101707
期刊: Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering
作者: Zhihua Li, Yuchao Shao, Wenjing He, Zhangrui Luo, Weizhong Huo, Rong Ye, Wenjing Lu
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要:

The high organic carbon content in corn stalks (CS) and the rich nitrogen resources in sewage sludge (SS) render them ideal for the hydrothermal production of nitrogen-enriched hydrothermal humic acid (HHA). This study conducted co-hydrothermal humification experiments using varying ratios of CS to SS under two distinct mixing modes: 1) co-hydrothermal carbonization of CS and SS, followed by alkaline hydrothermal humification to yield HHA, and 2) mixing CS-derived hydrochar with SS, followed by alkaline hydrothermal humification to yield HHA. The results indicated no significant difference in HHA yield between the modes when using equivalent raw material ratios. Importantly, the HHA produced did not pose a heavy metal risk. However, HHA from mode (1) had nearly double the nitrogen content compared to mode (2) and contained more valuable metal elements. The study confirmed that while co-hydrothermal humification of CS and SS did not significantly enhance HHA yield, it did markedly increase nitrogen content. Furthermore, HHA yield decreased with increasing SS content in the raw materials, likely due to SS's high ash content (52.4 wt%). In contrast, the nitrogen content in HHA increased with higher SS content, rising from 2.0 wt% to 3.8 wt% in mode (1) and from 1.1 wt% to 2.3 wt% in mode (2). Upon comprehensive analysis of both modes, the study suggests that mode (1) is more promising for engineering applications, as it facilitates the efficient disposal of a larger amount of SS.

189. 题目: Responses of various organic carbon pools to elevated temperatures in soils
文章编号: N24101706
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Yafeng Han, Chenchen Qu, Xiping Hu, Pan Sun, Jie Kang, Peng Cai, Xingmin Rong, Wenli Chen, Qiaoyun Huang
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) and its composition may be vulnerable to the effects of microbial degradation and various environmental stresses. Hitherto, the responses of various SOC pools to warming have rarely been explored. In this study, an incubation experiment was performed with top soils (0–20 cm) from Alfisol and Ultisol at three temperatures (15, 30 and 45 °C). Warming significantly decreased the contents of SOC, particulate organic carbon (POC), mineral associated organic carbon (MAOC) and iron bound organic carbon (Fe–OC) to different degrees. However, the proportion of MAOC and Fe–OC to SOC increased by 3.6–13.3 % and 3.8–7.3 %, respectively, with rising temperature, suggesting that the temperature response of MAOC and especially Fe-OC mineralization is lower than other SOC pools. From the analysis of the Fe-OC structure by various spectroscopic techniques, it was found that elevated temperature increased the proportion of aromatic C but decreased that of aliphatic C to Fe-OC. Soil pH, identified as the most important environmental variable for controlling Fe-OC chemical structure by Mantel test, exhibited a significant negative correlation with aliphatic Fe-OC and positive correlation with aromatic Fe-OC. Synchrotron radiation–based Fourier transform infrared (SR–FTIR) spectroscopy affirmed the higher binding strength of aromatic C with Fe oxides than aliphatic C in both soils. In addition, elevated temperature induced the increase and decrease of K-strategy bacteria and r-strategy bacteria, respectively, indicating warming slowed the bacterial growth, which could produce less necromass carbon for the association of Fe oxides and caused the decrease in Fe-OC. In summary, warming-induced changes in pH and microbial community structure can lead to a decrease in Fe-OC content, whereas the increased proportions confirmed that Fe-OC remains the most stable OC pool facing with short-term soil warming. These findings are helpful for better understanding the importance of soil minerals, especially Fe oxides, in the regulation of soil C sequestration under the context of climate change.

190. 题目: Different patterns of bacterioplankton in response to inorganic and organic phosphorus inputs in freshwater lakes - a microcosmic study
文章编号: N24101705
期刊: Water Research
作者: Tianhong Tu, Le Li, Wenkai Li, Shan Zhang, Hui Zhong, Gang Ge, Lan Wu, Yantian Ma
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: Phosphorus (P) is a limiting factor in fresh waters and is also the main cause of water eutrophication and deterioration, However, the practical effect of elevated P level on bacterioplankton is less evaluated. In this study, we investigated the bacterioplankton in a 96 hours microcosm experiment with P additions in two forms (organic/inorganic P, OP/IP) and three levels (final conc., 0.040, 0.065 and 0.125 g/L), aiming to find out the response pattern of bacterioplankton in coping with the increasing P levels. Results showed a more dramatic change of water properties and bacterioplankton between P forms (OP and IP) than among the addition levels, and a more remarkable effect of OP addition than the IP. Both OP and IP treatments significantly decreased the water pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Nitrate Nitrogen (NO3--N) and Total Organic Carbon (TOC), and reduced the α-diversity of bacterioplankton and relative abundance of Cyanobacteria, but increased the abundance of Proteobacteria. The IP addition decreased Actinobacteria abundance (especially for HgcI) and showed higher denitrification potentials, while the OP addition depressed the Bateroidota and exhibited lowed methylotrophic functions, but such trends decreased with increasing addition concentrations. The network analysis showed that both IP and OP additions increased the proportion of positively correlated edges and reduced the network complexity and stability, but the OP network was more stable than the IP network. The study clarifies the response pattern of bacterioplankton to the P input with different forms and levels, and deepens our understanding of the eutrophication process, which provides a scientific basis for the management and control of freshwater lakes facing eutrophication.

191. 题目: Characterization of Natural and Anthropogenic Dissolved Organic Matter in the Yangtze River Basin Using FT-ICR MS
文章编号: N24101704
期刊: Water Research
作者: Cuiping Ning, Shuai Sun, Yuan Gao, Huaijun Xie, Lidong Wu, Haijun Zhang, Jiping Chen, Ningbo Geng
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a complex mixture that plays a crucial role in global carbon cycling and climate dynamics. Understanding the chemical composition of DOM is crucial for studying its biogeochemical behavior. However, identifying individual DOM molecules is challenging. Here, using ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and an in-house database, we developed a framework to investigate DOM characteristics in natural water. Through the developed approach, we successfully identified thousands of individual DOM molecules in the water bodies of the Yangtze River Basin. For the first time, the proportions of natural and anthropogenic organics within DOM were revealed. In total, 9557 unambiguous molecular formulas were assigned to DOM in the Yangtze River Basin. The proportions of CHNO and CHOS compounds increased from upstream to downstream regions. Moreover, 1099 DOM compounds were tentatively identified, with 85% being endogenous organics and 15% being exogenous organics. Notably, lipids and pharmaceuticals and personal care products were the most frequently detected endogenous and exogenous compounds. The spatial variation of the identified DOM indicated anthropogenic discharges considerably increased both the number and abundance of DOM in the downstream Yangtze River Basin. This study highlighted the importance of anthropogenic impacts on DOM in water.

192. 题目: Molecular insights into the degradation of organic matter from secondary swine wastewater effluent: A comparative study of advanced oxidation processes
文章编号: N24101703
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Lanfeng Li, Niannian Sun, Siwei Peng, Qiyuan Yang, Peng Yang, Hao Zhou, Jing Ai, Hang He, Dongsheng Wang, Weijun Zhang
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are promising for the treatment of secondary swine wastewater effluents, however, the molecular-level understanding of effluent organic matter (EfOM) removal and transformation during AOPs is limited. This study employed molecular-level characterization based on Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) and bulk characterizations to investigate these processes in various AOPs, including Cu-Fenton, UV-Cu-Fenton, Fenton, UV-Fenton, and UV/H2O2 treatments. Our findings revealed that the removal rates of dissolved organic carbon and EfOM molecules follow the sequence of UV-Fenton > Fenton > UV-Cu-Fenton > UV/H2O2 > Cu-Fenton, correlating with the rates of H2O2 decomposition during reactions. AOPs with faster H2O2 decomposition, indicative of higher reactive oxygen species generation, predominantly mineralize rather than transform EfOM. Linkage analysis highlighted oxygen addition and deamination as the primary transformation reactions, with variations in the dominance levels of these reactions across different AOPs. Recalcitrant molecule, particularly CHNO and CHO types, including low-molecular-weight carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules, pose challenges in treatment. To enhance the efficacy of secondary effluent treatment, strategies focusing on the targeted removal of such recalcitrant EfOM should be developed. This study provided new insights into the selection and optimization of AOPs for secondary swine wastewater effluent treatment.

193. 题目: Mechanistic insights and performance evaluation of ZnFe-Modified bovine manure biochar in activating peroxymonosulfate for efficient thiamethoxam degradation: A combined DFT calculation and degradation pathway analysis
文章编号: N24101702
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Qiao Zhou, Shenglan Wang, Chao Zhang, Yuechi Lin, Mengjie Pu, Xinzhi Wang, Shibo Zhu, Huizhen Chen, Zhe Zhang, Mingzhi Huang
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: The study explored the degradation of thiamethoxam (THM) in water using modified bovine manure biochar as a catalyst for the first time, due to its potential harm to living organisms and frequent detection in natural water bodies. Experimental findings revealed that the rate constants for peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-catalyzed THM degradation by bovine manure biochar modified with ZnCl2 and K2FeO4 (ZnFeBC) increased by 76.78 times compared to unmodified biochar (BC), achieving a 100% degradation rate within 60 min. ZnFeBC exhibited excellent PMS activation performance across various pH levels. XPS characterization and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations have revealed that Fe element cycling occurs on the ZnFeBC surface, resulting in increased charge transfer rates at the reaction interface. The main active sites responsible for PMS activation were found to be Fe0 and Fe3O4. The degradation mechanism of THM by the ZnFeBC/PMS system involved SO4-, •OH, 1O2 and electron transfer. This catalyst demonstrated strong pH adaptability and outstanding catalytic degradation capabilities for various pollutants, making it highly suitable for widespread wastewater treatment applications, while also providing a new way for resource reutilization of bovine manure.

194. 题目: A Recyclable and High Porosity Vinasse-Based Biochar with Enhanced Superficial Active Sites for Antibiotics Recovery
文章编号: N24101701
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Xuesong Zhou, Kai Jiang, Bao Zhichao
更新时间: 2024-10-17
摘要: Antibiotic pollution in water bodies is a global environmental issue. For adsorbing antibiotic residues, biochar produced by direct high temperature pyrolysis faces challenges in balancing adsorption capacity and recyclability due to limited active sites. Thus, a recyclable and high-porosity vinasse-based biochar was developed via co-pyrolysis of K2FeO4 one-pot method. The co-pyrolysis biochar's surface area was augmented by 143 times, from 3.4 m²/g to 490.9 m²/g. The maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of the co-pyrolysis biochar for norfloxacin (NOR) increased from 4.4 mg/g to 364.9 mg/g, an approximate 83-fold enhancement. The surface of the biochar was rich in active groups (C-O, C-Fe, and -OH), which acted as the active sites to enhance the adsorption of NOR. The adsorption mechanism involved a variety of interactions, including pore-filling, hydrogen bond, π-π interactions, surface complexation, and electrostatic interactions. Importantly, the biochar is magnetic and can be recycled attributed to the generation of ferriferous oxides during the carbonization. After three cycles of reuse, the adsorption efficiency of vinasse-based biochar for NOR still exceeded 70%. Such biochar prepared by this facile and feasible co-pyrolysis method show the potential to enhance active sites for removal of antibiotic from aquatic systems.

195. 题目: Enhanced textile wastewater remediation in Phragmites karka-based vertical flow constructed wetlands using Phragmites-derived biochar
文章编号: N24101515
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Rozi Sharma, Piyush Malaviya
更新时间: 2024-10-15
摘要: Vertical flow-constructed wetlands (VFCWs) are treatment systems that can be used for the phytoremediation of highly polluted textile wastewater. Using plant-derived biochar to simultaneously improve the contaminant removal performance of CWs and sustainable utilization of harvested plant biomass is an interesting proposition. The present study explored the phytoremediation potential of Phragmites karka and verified the impact of using P. karka-derived biochar as a substrate in VFCWs for the treatment of textile wastewater. For this, three types of VFCWs were designed; (i) non-vegetated (VFCW), (ii) vegetated with P. karka (VFCW-P), and (iii) vegetated with P. karka and amended with P. karka-derived biochar (VFCW-BP) and semi-batch experiments were conducted. The investigation confirmed that wetlands using biochar as substrate were more efficient than other wetlands in pollutant load reduction. The maximum pollutant removal efficiencies were recorded for VFCW-BP vis-à-vis COD (83.61%), color (77.87%), chloride (73.22%), calcium (73.52%), sodium (67.18%), and potassium (75.72%) after five days. Furthermore, biochar addition enhanced the growth conditions for wetland plants by alleviating osmotic and oxidative stresses and hence helped them to perform better while removing pollutants. The maximum reduction of various pollutant parameters was reached within 72 h, after which remediation efficiency was slowed down. The study suggests that VFCW with biochar amendment is a useful strategy for textile wastewater treatment. Because the experimental design satisfies the needs for low-cost wastewater treatment, it may find widespread applications.

196. 题目: Molecular properties of dissolved organic matter leached from microplastics during photoaging process
文章编号: N24101514
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Qiongjie Wang, Wanqing Gu, Huijuan Chen, Shurui Wang, Zijing Hao
更新时间: 2024-10-15
摘要: The occurrence of dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from microplastics (MPs) and its effect on aquatic systems has attracted great interest recently. However, the photoaging effect on the molecular structure of MP-derived DOM (MP-DOM) remains unclear. This paper presents the characteristics of DOM leached from three commercial MPs, i.e., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) under UV irradiation. With prolonged aging periods, the surface roughness and oxygen-containing groups on the surface of MPs increase as more DOM leachate is generated. Moreover, the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content of the leached DOM from PET MPs varies from 0.52 mg/L to 2.25 mg/L, which is higher than PE and PP MPs, due to the larger increased surface reaction area and the cleavage of the benzene ring. According to the excitation-emission matrix and parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), the plastic-derived protein/phenolic-like components (C1 and C3) in MP-DOM were changed into photo-induced humic-like components (C2), which were closely related to the intermediates during photo-oxidation. High-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC−MS) analysis further identified that the highest proportion of antioxidants (24.8%~34.6%) was contained in MP-DOM. Plasticizers, intermediate additives, and antimicrobial agents were also detected in DOM leachate. Correlation analysis identified that the composition of leached DOM was positively correlated with the surface roughness, the carbonyl index (CI), and the chemical groups of MPs. Moreover, a partial least square structural equation model (PLS−SEM) analysis further verified that the change of morphology and the chemical structure of MPs could affect the DOM structures and fractions directly. This study provides an in-depth understanding of the composition of MP-derived DOM during the aging process, as well as a comprehensive environmental impact assessment of MPs.

197. 题目: Hydrogen bonds between the oxygen-containing functional groups of biochar and organic contaminants significantly enhance sorption affinity
文章编号: N24101513
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Wei Dong, Jing Xing, Quan Chen, Yu Huang, Min Wu, Peng Yi, Bo Pan, Baoshan Xing
更新时间: 2024-10-15
摘要: Sorption affinity is an essential parameter to immobilize contaminants, but the controlling structures of biochar with strong sorption affinity to organic compounds are unidentified, hindering targeted biochar modification. In the face of multiple types and structures of organic contaminants in the aquatic environment, it is urgent to prepare biochar which can remove a large number of contaminants by targeted biochar modification. This study compared the sorption and desorption of five different type organic contaminants on biochar and graphite to understand sorption affinity and to inform the structural regulation of biochar. The sorption capacity of organics on biochar was 3–7 times higher than graphite, and the desorption ratios of organics on biochar were approximately one-fourth of those on graphite. Hydrophobic areas and aromatic rings were confirmed to be low-energy sorption sites, and most pores were inaccessible. The stronger sorption affinity was thus attributed to the hydrogen bonds between biochar surface functional groups and organics. Furthermore, sorption capacity and desorption ratios correlated positively with calculated sorption thermodynamics and binding energies, aligning with theoretical models based on oxygen- and nitrogen-containing groups. Further verification experiments revealed that functionalized graphite with hydroxyl and carboxyl groups showed the most significantly increased sorption capacity and rate, and decreased desorption ratios, enhancing sorption affinity through hydrogen bonds. These findings offer valuable insights into biochar sorption affinity to organics and guide its structural regulation for organic pollution control in the aquatic environment

198. 题目: Integrated induction of silver resistance determinants and production of extracellular polymeric substances in Cupriavidus metallidurans BS1 in response to silver ions and silver nanoparticles
文章编号: N24101512
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Jia-Xin Dai, Yanshuang Yu, Le-Xing You, Hong-Lin Zhong, Yuan-Ping Li, Ai-Jun Wang, Jon Chorover, Ren-Wei Feng, Hend A Alwathnani, Martin Herzberg, Christopher Rensing
更新时间: 2024-10-15
摘要: Although the antimicrobial mechanisms of nanomaterials have been extensively investigated, bacterial defense mechanisms associated with AgNPs have not been fully elucidated. We here report that dissolved Ag+ (>0.05 μg·mL-1) displayed higher toxicity on cell growth of strain Cupriavidus metallidurans BS1 (GCA_003260185.2) in comparison to 2 and 20 nm AgNPs. The genes necessary for synthesis of distinct abundance and composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were induced in strain BS1 exposed to Ag stress. This resulted in 20.1% (Ag(I)-EPS) and 24.2% (2 nm AgNPs-EPS) of the C=O band integrated intensities being converted into C-OH/C-O-C group vibrations and the Ag-O bond was formed between EPS and 20 nm AgNPs. Meanwhile, the expression of primary resistance genes of the cus, sil and cup operon encoding HME-RND-driven efflux systems as well as a PIB1-type ATPase (CupA) were significantly induced after exposure to Ag(I), 2 and 20 nm AgNPs, respectively. Furthermore, distinct genes involved in biosynthesis pathways responsible for production of EPS were induced to relieve the toxicity of Ag(I), 2 nm and 20 nm AgNPs. This combined action is one potential reason why strain BS1 displayed distinct resistances in response to Ag(I) compared to 2 and 20 nm AgNPs. This work will help in understanding processes important in bacterial defensive mechanisms to AgNPs.

199. 题目: Alpine SOC and Microbial Community Assembly Were Buffered Through Soil Pore Structure Along an Altitudinal Gradient
文章编号: N24101511
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Ruizhe Wang, Xia Hu, Yunduo Zhao, Pengyu Pan, Jialu Zhang
更新时间: 2024-10-15
摘要: Elevation changes influence various environmental factors including cloudiness, atmospheric density, and temperature. Previous studies on the effects of elevation on microbial communities and soil organic carbon (SOC) yielded inconsistent results. This study tried to reveal the distribution patterns of microbial communities and SOC concentrations, as well as their interactions with soil structure along an elevational gradient in the alpine region. We investigated six typical ecosystems along an elevational gradient on the north-eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and X-ray computed tomography (CT) methods were used to quantify microbial abundance and pore structure of soils, respectively. The results demonstrated that SOC content and total PLFAs peaked in the meadow ecosystem. In the subsoil, total PLFAs, fungal, and bacterial PLFAs followed the U-shape pattern with increasing elevation. In both topsoils and subsoils, the surface area density of pores increased with elevation, and it was found to be positively correlated with SOC and microbial abundance. Soil structure mainly affects the input and adsorption of root nutrients by altering the pore surface area, thereby regulating the enrichment of microorganisms. The impact of pore structure on microbes were more obvious in the topsoil than in the subsoil. Interactions among pore structure, soil properties, and environmental factors jointly affects the microbial communities, demonstrating that elevation indirectly affects microbial communities through soil resource regulation.

200. 题目: Study on the adsorption of phosphate by composite biochar of phosphogypsum and rape straw
文章编号: N24101510
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Yu Liang, Fengyu Li, Qin Li, Dongsheng He
更新时间: 2024-10-15
摘要:

Wastewater containing phosphorus is often added by industrial activities, which is bad for the environment. In this study, composite biochar (PG-RS700) was prepared from phosphogypsum (PG) and rape straw (RS) for the treatment of phosphate in wastewater. SEM, FTIR, XRD and XPS characterization results showed that PG and RS were successfully combined. When PG-RS700 was dosed at 1.5 g/L and the phosphate solution concentration was 50 mg/L and pH = 8, the phosphate removal rate was 100% and the adsorption capacity was three times higher than the corresponding pure PG and RS. The quasi-secondary kinetic model indicated that the adsorption mechanism was chemisorption, and the maximum adsorption capacity for phosphate in the Langmuir isotherm model was 102.25 mg/g. Through pot experiment, the phosphorus adsorbed material obviously promoted the growth of plants. PG-RS700 can be used as a powerful adsorbent to treat phosphate in water and return it to soil as phosphate fertilizer.

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