论文检索

总访问量：3952537次

总访客量：152891人

所有论文

221. 题目: Recycling nitrogen with water lettuce biochar: ammonium adsorption from industrial wastewater and application as soil conditioner
文章编号: N25103106
期刊: Environmental Earth Sciences
作者: Amanda Simões Souza de Oliveira, Cíntia da Silva Santos, Gilmar Clemente Silva, Mendelssolm Kister de Pietre, Fabiana Soares dos Santos
更新时间: 2025-10-31
摘要: Over recent years, biochar has emerged as an effective adsorbent for ammonium (NH4+) from several wastewaters. However, the application of NH4+-loaded biochar to assist plant development has been neglected. This study investigated the efficiency of biochar in the adsorption of NH4+ present in wastewater of a metal pipe industry, and the use of NH4+-loaded biochar as a substrate conditioner to produce pepper seedlings (Schinus terebinthifolius). Biochar samples were prepared by pyrolysis of water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) at 400, 500, and 600 °C and washed with 0.1 mol L−1 HNO3 until pH 7.0. The results showed a clear effect of pyrolysis temperature and/or acid washing on the ammonium uptake with a slight increase in NH4+ uptake for the biochar produced at 400 °C. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm data were satisfactorily described by the pseudo-second order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model, respectively. The mixtures containing 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% of NH4+-loaded biochar in the commercial substrate, resulted in high production of chlorophyll. The results suggest that NH4+-loaded biochar provides environmental benefits by enabling nitrogen recovery from wastewater and demonstrating potential for use as a substrate in seedling development.

222. 题目: Biochar Enhances Fischer–Tropsch Electrofuels from CO2 and Renewable Energy
文章编号: N25103105
期刊: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
作者: Marina T Chagas, Juan D Medrano-García, Gonzalo Guillén-Gosálbez
更新时间: 2025-10-31
摘要: Electrofuels have emerged as a promising category of alternative fuels for decarbonizing long-distance modes of transport where electrification opportunities might be limited. Despite the favorable environmental performance, their high cost, driven mostly by the expensive electrolytic hydrogen (H₂), still poses a challenge to their widespread adoption. Here, we propose a novel approach based on carbon dioxide (CO₂) gasification of biochar via the reverse Boudouard reaction to decrease the H₂ demand in Fischer–Tropsch (FT) electrofuel synthesis. We adopt a system expansion approach and assess the life-cycle environmental impacts and techno-economic feasibility of this route considering the replacement of different end-uses of biochar. The comparison to the standard reverse water–gas shift (RWGS) configuration showcases that shifting to the Boudouard route could lead to a reduction in cost, carbon footprint, and impact on human health and ecosystems quality. Nevertheless, collateral damage toward resource depletion could take place depending on the choice of the expanded system for the analysis. In our best case scenario, we improve the global warming impact by 11% and lower the cost by 10% while achieving damage reductions in the range of 10–17% to human health, ecosystem quality, and resource scarcity. Overall, this work sheds light on the potential economic and environmental benefits of a more efficient material integration among processes. Moreover, our results hint at the importance of defining proper system expansion scenarios in assessing alternative technologies, as varying system boundaries could yield different assessment outcomes.

223. 题目: Plasma-modified activated biochar electrode for enhanced capacitive deionization: Mechanism insight and performance
文章编号: N25103104
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Benjiao Huo, Lili Yan, Guanghui Li, Pinhua Rao, Tiantian Li, Zhaoziyue Zhang, Yuliang Li, Yiran Sun
更新时间: 2025-10-31
摘要: Biomass-derived carbon material from agricultural waste has been employed for capacitive deionization (CDI), but co-ion expulsion limits their performance, especially about the electrode improvements. To mitigate the co-ion effect, KOH-activated biochar derived from sesame shell was successfully prepared by optimizing the amount of activator, and then used as electrode materials by plasma modification for CDI. The optimized biochar (KB₁), a mass ratio of KOH to biochar of 1, demonstrated a large specific surface area (1951.07 m² g⁻¹), about 3 times of non-activated biochar. The main findings demonstrated that plasma modification can cause slight swelling, introduce functional groups, and create more pyrrole N and pyridine N through physical bombardment and chemical modifications, thereby improving the wettability and conductivity of biochar electrode. Specifically, KB₁-20-325 (Time = 20 min, Pressure level = 325 mT) exhibited an outstanding electrochemical properties and salt adsorption capacity (36.37 mg g⁻¹) towards NaCl solution (500 mg L^-1) at the voltage of 1.2 V, with a retention of 97.64% in the 10th cycles. When the KB₁-20-325 was used to treat real seawater, the salt removal efficiencies of Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ were 24.20%, 92.74%, 72.18%, and 14.99%, indicating a reasonable ion absorption capacity. Moreover, characterizations revealed that desalination and long-term stability mechanism mainly included electrostatic adsorption, enhanced wettability, and stabilized carbon framework during the CDI process. This plasma-based strategy not only proposes a simple program for the large-scale synthesis of high-performance electrode materials, but also shows promising applications of sesame shell-derived biochar in CDI.

224. 题目: Lacustrine organic carbon burial in deep time: Perspectives major geologic events and tectonic-climatic-ecological coupling
文章编号: N25103103
期刊: Earth-Science Reviews
作者: Chao Liang, Ao Chen, Yingchang Cao, Jing Wu, Yu Han, Keyu Liu, Guanghui Yuan, Fang Hao
更新时间: 2025-10-31
摘要: Organic carbon (OC) burial is an essential mechanism for the regulation of the atmospheric carbon pool. Studying this process enhances our understanding of the interactions between spheres and global carbon cycle. Although considerable attention has been focused on marine OC burial in deep time, there remains a lack of understanding regarding OC burial in lakes. Currently, lakes harbor 10–50 % of burial OC despite their total area being only 1/80 of that of the oceans, indicating a high OC burial efficiency in lakes. The evolution of the lake ecology from dead lakes, starved lakes, and primary lakes to prosperous lakes triggered transitions in lacustrine OC burial on a geological time scale. This study evaluates the organic carbon burial account and burial efficiency of typical lacustrine shales in deep time, revealing the multi-factor composite control mechanisms—including tectonic activities, temperature, lake scale, hydro-ecological conditions, volcanic–hydrothermal activities, and marine transgressions—on the organic carbon burial process. Based on the theory of ternary dynamic equilibrium among “productivity, preservation, and dilution,” it systematically elaborates on the main controlling factors and synergistic effects governing efficient lacustrine organic carbon burial under tectonic–climatic–ecological coupling. The nutrients derived from volcanic and hydrothermal activities have significantly contributed to overcoming the adverse ecological or climatic conditions in specific lake evolution periods, particularly during the “ecologically primary lakes” stage before the Late Paleozoic; these nutrients are thus essential for the effective OC burial. Five primary mechanisms are proposed for large-scale lacustrine OC burial: volcanic–hydrothermal activities, climate–volcanic activities coupling, climate–basin scale coupling, climate–transgressions coupling, and tectonic–climate coupling. The study of the evolution of lacustrine OC burial on a geological time scale, the driving mechanisms of efficient burial, and their relationship with major geological events based on lake records can enhance our understanding of the deep-time carbon cycling and interactions of Earth's spheres. It also establishes a geological-historical framework for understanding the response mechanisms of lacustrine carbon reservoirs and their regulatory effects on global carbon sequestration under future climate warming scenarios.

225. 题目: Nutrient‐Rich Mineral‐Associated Organic Matter Limits Carbon Storage Under Elevated Carbon Dioxide in a Low Phosphorus Eucalyptus Woodland Soil
文章编号: N25103102
期刊: Global Change Biology
作者: Anna Favaro, Yolima Carrillo, Balwant Singh, Charles Warren, Feike A Dijkstra
更新时间: 2025-10-31
摘要: A rise in atmospheric CO 2 concentration can have positive or negative effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) pools, with likely impacts on soil nutrient availability, which can in turn, drive ecosystem‐level impacts. Much of the soil nutrients are locked in the more stable mineral‐associated organic matter (MAOM) pool compared to the more labile particulate organic matter (POM) pool, but how elevated CO 2 ( e CO 2 ) affects these pools is unclear. In this study, we examined how 12 years of e CO 2 affected the POM and MAOM C, nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) pools at two different depths (0–10 and 10–20 cm) in a low P, native Eucalyptus woodland. Across soil depths, we found that 12 years of e CO 2 caused significant decreases in MAOM‐total C (16%), MAOM‐organic N (15%), and MAOM‐organic P (16%) compared to ambient CO 2 ( a CO 2 ), but no effects on C, organic N (N org ), and organic P (P org ) in POM. The MAOM had consistently lower C: P org and C: N org ratios (228 and 12.4, respectively) than POM (655 and 24.1, respectively). Our results cannot be explained by e CO 2 ‐induced changes in plant inputs but instead suggest that the increased belowground C inputs under e CO 2 , in combination with low soil P availability, triggered a rhizosphere priming effect on the MAOM pool. Since MAOM was richer in P than POM, microbes may have preferentially mined MAOM for P (and N) to meet their P demand, thereby enhancing the decomposition of MAOM more than POM. While uncertainties remain about the fate of P after microbial death in this ecosystem, this study highlights that the nutrient‐rich MAOM pool is vulnerable to rhizosphere priming, thereby restricting the potential for greater SOC accumulation under e CO 2 in soils with low P availability.

226. 题目: Synergistic physical, chemical, and biological remediation of fluoroglucocorticoid-contaminated groundwater with humic acid-coated zero-valent iron particles
文章编号: N25103101
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Yayun Xiang, Zongquan Sun, Wenjie Chang, Xiaodong Li, Fujun Ma, Weifang Ma, Qingbao Gu
更新时间: 2025-10-31
摘要: Fluoroglucocorticoids (FGCs) in groundwater had brought significant risks to human health and ecological environment, while the traditional material such as zero-valent iron (nZVI) for groundwater remediation was low efficiency to remove these pollutants. A new material, humic acids coated zero-valent iron (HA@nZVI) particles, was designed and prepared here to promote removal of FGCs in groundwater from physical, chemical, and biological aspects. The results showed that compared with nZVI particles alone, HA@nZVI increased physical interception and biochemical degradation rate of FGCs in groundwater by 11.21 % and 43.02 %, respectively. Acidic surface functional groups of HA@nZVI such as carboxyl and carbonyls may promote its adsorption rate for strongly polar FGCs, and its lamellar network structure increased specific surface area by 1.8 times compared to nZVI. Biochemical degradation of FGCs occurred because HA@nZVI may promote reductive defluorination and biodegradation defluorination, which increased the chemical and biological removal of FGCs by 15.44 % and 29.13 % compared with nZVI alone. HA@nZVI may effectively inhibit the self-corrosion of nZVI in it, ensuring that the electron release rate of nZVI consistent well with the defluorination rate of FGCs. In addition, coated HAs provided a bridge for electron transfer among electron donor (nZVI), microorganisms, and electron acceptor (TA), which increased the electronic utilization of FGCs defluorination from 30.05 % to 79.28 %. Overall, this new material can effectively remove FGCs, giving technical support for the remediation of polluted groundwater.

227. 题目: Molecular Insights into the Transformation of Dissolved Organic Matter during Chlorine Photolysis: The Importance of Oxygen Addition Reactions in the Disinfection Byproducts Formation
文章编号: N25103020
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Chuze Chen, Xiating Zhao, Boyun Ma, Yuting Wang, Zhigang Li, Qiming Xian
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: When wastewater disinfected with excessive chlorine disinfectant is discharged into surface water, the dissolved organic matter (DOM) may undergo transformation due to solar photolysis of chlorine. In addition, solar photolysis of chlorine also presents a promising disinfection strategy. However, the changes in molecular composition and the formation of chlorinated disinfection byproducts (Cl-DBPs) of DOM remain unclear, and further investigation into the detailed reaction mechanisms is necessary. This study systematically examined the impact of solar photolysis of chlorine on the molecular composition and formation potential of Cl-DBPs (Cl-DBPsFP) of DOM. The solar photolysis of chlorine significantly increased the Cl-DBPsFP compared to dark chlorination. Notably, Cl-DBP precursors were predominantly concentrated within the specific area in Van Krevelen diagrams (0.3 < O/C < 0.75, 0.5 < H/C < 1.3). Compared with dark chlorination, solar photolysis of chlorine generated more Cl-DBP precursors from the original DOM primarily through oxygen addition reactions, thereby increasing subsequent Cl-DBPsFP. The presence of hydroxyl radicals and ozone were both essential for facilitating these oxygen addition reactions and the formation of Cl-DBP precursors. This study reveals the underlying reaction mechanisms at the molecular level through which solar photolysis of chlorine affects the Cl-DBPsFP of DOM, subsequently posing potential risks to downstream water treatment plants.

228. 题目: Restoration of Soil Health Using Microbes Enriched Biochar and Nanomaterials: A Review on Current Perspective
文章编号: N25103019
期刊: Land Degradation & Development
作者: Priyadarshani Rajput, Tatiana Minkina, Saglara Mandzhieva, Yanzheng Gao, Vishnu D Rajput
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Soil structure maintenance, nutrient cycle, and carbon transformations are the important processes that play a significant role in maintaining soil health, fertility, and its productivity. These processes mainly depend on soil biota and their functionality, and bio/geochemical activities. To a larger extent, the soil microbial community, especially the soil microbiome, plays a crucial role in plant growth via enhancing nutrient availability and improving soil properties. Biochar, a carbon‐rich source fabricated by the pyrolysis process, showed a better alternative for sustainable agricultural development. On the other hand, nanotechnology (plant essential elements‐based nanoparticles; i.e., ZnO and CuO) has proven to be effective in soil health improvement as well as improved crop production. Thus, the integrated use of biochar (agro‐waste), plant essential nanoparticles, and metal‐tolerant microbes (heavy metals tolerant that alleviate toxicity and enhance plant growth) is employed to manage soil stresses via improving soil characteristics to improve crop production. Biochar contains a porous structure that provides a favorable habitat for microbial colonization. Biochar‐nanobiochar, nanoparticles, and heavy metal‐tolerant microbes collectively restore soil health, manage plant growth, recycle agricultural/urban food wastes, and reduce gas emissions.

229. 题目: Phosphogypsum-modified porous biochar for peroxydisulfate activation for benzohydroxamic acid degradation: Performance and mechanisms
文章编号: N25103018
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Meijuan Zhang, Hailan Yang, Qianzhen Fang, Bin Zhou, Rongxiang Li, Yanjun Duan, Mingyang Ma, Zhenhong Huang, Gaobin Chen, Tangshan Wu, Xiaofei Tan
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: This study presents a novel “waste-to-wealth” strategy for sustainable water treatment by valorizing phosphogypsum, a massive industrial solid waste, into a high-performance silicon-doped porous biochar (P1BC). The optimized P1BC, synthesized at a PG-to-biomass ratio of 1:2, exhibited a high specific surface area of 552.81 m²/g and served as an efficient metal-free catalyst for peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation. It achieved complete removal (100 %) of the toxic flotation reagent benzohydroxamic acid (BHA) within 60 min under mild conditions (0.05 g/L catalyst, 0.2 mM PDS). Mechanistic investigations revealed that SiO and CO groups served as the active sites, facilitating a synergistic radical and non-radical pathway where O₂^•− and ¹O₂ played dominant roles. Degradation pathways elucidated via LC-MS and DFT indicated reduced ecotoxicity, corroborated by seed germination assays. This work not only provides a mechanistic understanding of a metal-free carbocatalysis system but also validates a sustainable paradigm for simultaneous hazardous waste valorization and recalcitrant organic pollutant removal.

230. 题目: Micro-nanoplastics inhibit extracellular polymeric substance and lactate synthesis via perturbing glucose metabolism of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus
文章编号: N25103017
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Mengqi Tao, Jiping Wang, Xian Zhang, Xinger Xie, Yuzhu Peng, Qibai Tian
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Micro-nanoplastics (MNPs) ubiquitously occurring in various ecosystems can accumulate in the human gastrointestinal tract via multiple exposure routes, and threaten the intestinal homeostasis. However, clarifying whether and how these contaminants cause the physio-toxicity to intestinal probiotics remains elusive. Using Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus as a case study and an in vitro digestion (IVD) system to simulate MNPs digestion, we found that MNPs inhibit bacterial growth and the synthesis of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and lactic acid (LA). This toxicity depended on material composition (polyethylene terephthalate, PET > polystyrene > polyvinyl chloride), was enhanced at the nanoscale, and was exacerbated by high concentrations. Under the strongest inhibitory condition (150.0 nm 250.0 mg/L IVD-treated PET; PET-NPs), scanning electron microscopy reveals that EPS secreted by L. rhamnosus under PET-NPs stimulation binds to the particles and adheres to the bacterial surface, potentially causing physical obstruction and membrane damage. Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics demonstrated that IVD-treated PET-NPs significantly down-regulated core genes (e.g., galK, log2FC = −5.40; bglA, log2FC = −6.58), and reduced metabolite levels in central carbon metabolism pathways (e.g., phosphotransferase system, glycolysis, TCA cycle, pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phosphorylation), impairing glucose uptake/metabolism and energy generation, and thus limiting precursor supply for EPS and LA synthesis. Although exogenous glucose partially restored function, upstream metabolic damage persisted. The findings indicate that MNPs disrupt the glucose metabolism-product synthesis axis by inhibiting central carbon metabolism, providing clear evidence of MNP-mediated impairment of metabolism and efficacy in probiotics and mechanistic insights into the potential health impacts of MNPs contaminants.

231. 题目: Predicting the effects of dissolved organic matter derived from microalgal biochar on copper: Insights from spectral response and sorption capacity
文章编号: N25103016
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Hongjia Li, Tiejun Li, Yuxue Liu, Wei Ding, Nengfei Ding, Jun Yan, Yangzhi Liu, Chenghu Yang
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Despite extensive research on microalgal biochar, the effects of dissolved organic matter from microalgal biochar (MBDOM) on the fate of metal ions remain underexplored. This study integrated multiple spectroscopic techniques and statistical models to investigate the binding behaviors and mechanisms between Cu(II) and MBDOM under various pyrolysis temperatures and extraction solutions. Results showed that the intensities of PARAFAC components in MBDOM were influenced by Cu(II) in a preparation-dependent manner. Under Milli-Q water condition, MBDOM prepared at 400 ℃ exhibited weak binding stability with Cu(II) for humic-like components but strong binding stability for protein-like components compared to MBDOM prepared at other temperatures. Acidic extraction solution enhanced the binding stability between MBDOM and Cu(II), whereas Milli-Q water extraction increased the proportion of fluorescent components that interact with Cu(II). Partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis indicated that Cu(II) exerted both direct and indirect quenching effects on MBDOM's fluorescent components. Synchronous fluorescence and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy showed the heterogeneous and sensitivities of MBDOM fractions binding to Cu(II), with fulvic-like fractions having dominant interactions. Cu(II) could alter the structural and compositional properties of MBDOM, increasing its aromaticity and autochthonous characteristics while decreasing its molecular weight and humification degree. Random forest analysis identified aromaticity as a key structural feature of MBDOM affected by Cu(II). Additionally, MBDOM significantly influenced the sorption capacity of Cu(II) by microalgal biochar. The outcomes present fresh viewpoints for predicting the environmental behavior of MBDOM and its role in heavy metal binding, highlighting the potential of microalgal biochar in environmental remediation.

232. 题目: Representative pH-dependent system based on humic acids-modified magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4-HA) for enhanced ciprofloxacin sorption
文章编号: N25103015
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Artur A Dzeranov, Denis A Pankratov, Lyubov S Bondarenko, Gulzhian I Dzhardimalieva, Vera A Terekhova, Nataliya S Tropskaya, Aigul S Dzhalmukhanova, Kamila A Kydralieva
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: This study investigates the pH-dependent sorption of the ionizable antibiotic ciprofloxacin onto magnetite (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles (NPs) coated with humic acids (HA), used here as a model for adaptable molecular interactions at sorption processes. CIP exists as cationic (CIP⁺), zwitterionic (CIP⁺/⁻) and anionic (CIP⁻) species within the pH range of 5–9. The HA layer forms a polyanionic coating on the charged magnetite surface, which significantly alters the NPs` surface properties and enhances CIP adsorption across all studied pH values (5, 7, and 9). Although the specific surface area decreases from 134 (unmodified magnetite) to 97 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> (HA-coated magnetite), adsorption capacity actually improves. This enhancement occurs because the adsorbed HA layer provides additional binding sites for CIP. The HA-modified magnetite achieved maximum adsorption capacities of 108 mg g<sup>−1</sup> at pH 5 and 65 mg g<sup>−1</sup> at pH 7, demonstrating high effectiveness under both acidic and neutral conditions. The study systematically compares the ternary magnetite-HA-CIP system with the binary magnetite–CIP interaction to clarify the underlying adsorption mechanisms in relation to pH and CIP speciation. Furthermore, desorption cycles were investigated to examine the NPs` binding efficacy. Our findings provide insights into the increased pH-dependent adsorption of antibiotic drug ciprofloxacin by humic acids deprotonation across a broad pH range.

233. 题目: Divergent effects of straw and straw-derived biochar on soil N transformation and N2O emissions: a global meta-analysis
文章编号: N25103014
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Hui Wang, Yifan Guo, Huajun Fang, Shulan Cheng, Fangying Shi, Long Chen, Haiguang Pu, Bingqian Liu
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Excessive application of inorganic fertilizers releases reactive nitrogen (N), threatening global ecological sustainability. Returning straw to the field has been recognized as an effective strategy to regulate N dynamics. However, it remains unclear whether direct straw application or its conversion into biochar is more effective in promoting N retention, enhancing N supply, and reducing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. In this study, we conducted a meta-analysis of 1477 paired observations from 378 publications to compare the impacts of straw and straw-derived biochar on soil N transformation and N2O emissions across various agroecosystems. Straw generally outperforms straw-derived biochar in boosting soil N availability and retention. Specifically, straw significantly enhances N mineralization (54.4 %–60.7 %) and NH4+ immobilization (116.0 %–128.8 %), while reducing autotrophic nitrification in paddy soils (−28.3 %). The effect of straw on N2O emissions varies by agroecosystem, with a marked increase in upland soils (+76.4 %) but a decrease in paddy fields (−12.2 %). In contrast, biochar consistently reduces N2O emissions in both upland (−28.8 %) and paddy (−27.5 %) systems. Further analysis revealed that high-dose rice straw biochar (pH > 8, C/N > 100) is most effective in upland soils, while straw with a high C/N ratio is most beneficial for reducing N2O emissions in paddy soils, except under conditions of high SOC, TN, and C/N ratios. Overall, these findings provide scientific evidence to choose condition-specific management practices for improving agricultural N use efficiency and mitigating climate change.

234. 题目: Humic acid accelerates polyurethane microplastic degradation via light-dark synergy, shortening degradation cycle over one-third
文章编号: N25103013
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Zixin Zhang, Conghui Wang, Luncheng You, Heping Chen, Jingjing Dong, Qi Chen, Zhanbo Wei, Lili Zhang, Min Zhang, Zhiguang Liu
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: In agricultural ecosystems, the accumulation of polyurethane microplastics (PuM) resulting from the long-term application of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) constitutes an irreversible pollution—each kilogram of CRF introduces approximately 32,000 particles—and these particles are difficult to recover. This study proposes a synergistic approach: the combined use of CRF and humic acid (HA) not only increases crop yields by 12.3 %–22.4 % but also accelerates the degradation of polyurethane microplastics by 34.3 %–43.9 %, which is of great significance for addressing the dual challenges of ensuring food security and remediating soil microplastic contamination. This study also explores the interaction between HA and PuM: under dark conditions, HA facilitates radical formation through the cleavage and isomerization of C–H bonds in PuM macromolecules; under light conditions, the phenolic hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in HA moieties mediate the generation of reactive oxygen species via photoexcitation, thereby initiating the oxidative scission of PuM's carbon backbone. This research provides new ideas on how to solve the pollution of polyurethane microplastics in farmland and for the in-situ treatment of microplastics in farmland.

235. 题目: Distinct effects of inorganic and organic carbon on nitrate photolysis and micropollutant degradation under Far-UVC (222 nm) irradiation
文章编号: N25103012
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Qing Bai, Qian-Yuan Wu, Yun-peng Wu, Yu-jia Nong, Zi-Bo Jing, Min-Yong Lee, Wen-Long Wang
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Nitrate photolysis under UV222 irradiation has increasingly attracted attention as an advanced oxidation process, while fundamental mechanisms remain incompletely understood in various water matrices. This study revealed that the observed nitrate photodecay under UV222 represented a dynamic balance between innate photolysis and significant reformation, with the innate quantum yield (0.52 mol·Ein⁻¹) substantially 7.1-11.0 times higher than the observed quantum yield (0.047-0.073 mol·Ein⁻¹). Inorganic carbon (IC) and organic carbon (OC), ubiquitous water matrix components, influenced UV222/nitrate through distinctly different mechanisms: IC suppressed nitrate photodecay 12.6-58.3% via enhancing ONOO⁻-mediated nitrate reformation without affecting innate photolysis, while OC promoted observed nitrate photodecay 19.6-54.5% by scavenging reactive intermediates involved in nitrate reformation. UV222/nitrate effectively degraded various micropollutants via direct photolysis (e.g., N-nitrosodimethylamine), ^•OH oxidation (e.g., carbamazepine), and a combination of pathways including reactive nitrogen species (RNSs) oxidation (e.g., sulfamethoxazole). IC selectively promoted RNSs oxidation while suppressing ^•OH oxidation pathway, leading to selective effects for various micropollutant degradation and the increased nitration byproducts formation. In contrast, OC uniformly reduced all oxidation pathways through non-selective scavenging of reactive species. This mechanistic understanding explained the complex effects of water matrix components on UV/nitrate performance and provides a fundamental basis for optimizing UV222 driven advanced oxidation processes for micropollutant control in diverse water conditions.

236. 题目: Shift in tree species from coniferous to broadleaf reduces soil organic matter stabilization in the short term
文章编号: N25103011
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Anna Kellerová, Veronika Jílková
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Climate change may eventually result in tree species shifts in temperate forests. However, little is known on further consequences to litter decomposition and stabilization in the soil. This study thus investigates the effects of the shift in tree species from coniferous to broadleaf on litter decomposition and soil organic matter (OM) stabilization in Central European temperate forest soils. Using a 12-month laboratory microcosm experiment, surface mineral soils from coniferous (spruce), mixed and broadleaf (beech) forests were incubated with and without beech leaf litter. Microbial activity as an indicator of litter decomposition was monitored during the whole incubation period and carbon (C) content in the soil OM fractions as an indicator of OM stabilization was analysed at the end. The results demonstrate that decomposition rates were 65 % lower in the coniferous soil than in the broadleaf soil, suggesting that the microbial community in the coniferous soil is less adapted to the high-quality beech litter. Regarding OM stabilization, beech litter addition increased free particulate OM in the coniferous soil by 140 %, but stabilization via mineral association was 60 % more efficient in the broadleaf soil, where beech litter was more readily incorporated. Overall, the findings indicate that the shift from coniferous to broadleaf forests may initially result in reduced soil OM stabilization in coniferous soils, most probably due to microbial adaptation constraints. These insights highlight the complex interactions between litter quality, microbial communities and soil C dynamics. Further research should focus on longer-term effects of the tree species shift.

237. 题目: Abrupt Loss of Soil Organic Carbon Following Disturbance in Seagrass Ecosystems
文章编号: N25103010
期刊: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
作者: Antoine Le Vilain, Elisa Thébault, Eugenia T Apostolaki, Oscar Serrano, Vasilis Dakos
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Seagrasses are key carbon sinks in the biosphere and, when intentionally conserved or restored, constitute a promising natural solution for climate change mitigation. Unfortunately, they are also experiencing major anthropogenic and climatic pressures that can lead to seagrass degradation or even result in difficult‐to‐reverse abrupt shifts (i.e., tipping point responses) to complete loss. Although the possibility of tipping point responses in seagrass ecological dynamics has been acknowledged, the potential cascading effect of tipping points on biogeochemical dynamics, shifting seagrass ecosystems from carbon sinks to carbon sources, remains largely unexplored. In this context, we developed a mechanistic stoichiometric model that couples ecological and biogeochemical functioning to assess the effects of three major stressors—mechanical damage, eutrophication, and warming—on the carbon storage capacity of seagrass ecosystems. After parameterizing our model for the Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, we explored these stress cases to identify the processes and feedbacks that can cause ecological tipping points leading to changes in biogeochemical dynamics. The model shows that when ecological tipping points occur, they cascade into biogeochemistry and precipitate abrupt losses of carbon storage. Importantly, even without a tipping point, carbon storage still declined abruptly rather than gradually along stressor gradients. Yet, the dynamics of carbon losses depended on the type of stressor, indicating the need to further test the relative contribution of biotic and abiotic drivers in shifting seagrasses from carbon sinks to carbon sources.

238. 题目: Effects of freeze-thaw cycles on heavy metal mobilities in soil remediated with ferrite-loaded biochar: Co-ageing roles and recognition of key factors
文章编号: N25103009
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Yipeng Wang, Qingliang Zhao, Liangliang Wei, Junqiu Jiang, Jing Ding, Kun Wang, Miao Jiang, Ruiyuan Xue
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Stabilization technology could increase stable heavy metals (HMs) contents in soil. Still, frequent freeze-thaw (F/T) cycles in Northeast China might dramatically affect stabilization of HMs directly. Here, MnFe₂O₄-loaded biochar with hydroxyl grafting (h-MFO-BC) was synthesized and its immobilization performance for Cd, Pb and Cu in contaminated soil during F/T cycles was evaluated. F/T cycles significantly increased HM activity and bioaccessibility, accompanied by breakage of soil particles and a decrease in soil enzyme activities. Conversely, h-MFO-BC suppressed the migration of HMs and maintained long-term stabilization efficiency during F/T process. Moreover, the addition of h-MFO-BC significantly improved soil characteristics, enhanced enzyme activity and promoted microbial diversity. Characterization of co-aged h-MFO-BC during F/T cycles revealed h-MFO-BC particles were crushed, accompanied by increased alkaline, cation exchangeable capacity (CEC), adsorption capacity and oxidization degree. Changes in Mn-O and Fe-O were prior among all functional groups during F/T ageing. Both crystalline of Fe oxides and activation of Mn oxides favored stabilization of HMs. Material and soil properties, particularly pH and CEC, were pivotal predictors of stabilization efficiency, exerting impacts through multiple pathways. Thus, alternations in properties of h-MFO-BC induced by F/T ageing were conducive to its prolonged stabilization of HMs in soil under cold climatic conditions.

239. 题目: MgFe-LDH engineered biochar self-assembled with Chlorella pyrenoidosa for enhanced CO2 capture and microalgal cultivation
文章编号: N25103008
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Huanan Xu, Hao Zhou, Yinfeng Hua, Weihua Chen, Jian Wu, Zhenwu Long, Liang Zhao, Lumei Wang, Guoqing Shen, Qincheng Chen
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Microalgal biotechnology offers a promising avenue for CO₂ mitigation, yet the efficient delivery and concentration of atmospheric CO₂ to sustain photosynthetic activity and biomass yield remain major obstacles. Here, we synthesized MgFe-LDH–engineered biochar (LBC) and applied it as a CO₂ concentrator to enhance CO₂ fixation and biomass accumulation in Chlorella pyrenoidosa. In aqueous environments, LBC exhibited an adsorption capacity of 2.59 cm³/g and self-assembled with C. pyrenoidosa via electrostatic interaction. Compared with the control, LBC promoted a 1.98-fold increase in biomass yield and a 50.36 % enhancement in photosynthetic pigment content, demonstrating its strong growth-promoting effect. Remarkably, LBC retained high bioactivity after three reuse cycles. At the pilot scale, LBC–C. pyrenoidosa co-cultivation in digestate slurry increased biomass yield by 64.63 %, while removing 70.15 % of total nitrogen and 95.25 % of total phosphorus. Transcriptomic analysis confirmed significant upregulation of photosynthetic carbon fixation pathways, along with concurrent activation of photosynthesis and oxidative phosphorylation, thereby improving CO₂ assimilation and biomass accumulation. These findings highlight a cost-effective strategy to enhance CO₂ utilization in microalgal cultivation, while simultaneously enabling nutrient recovery from digestate slurry.

240. 题目: Biochar integrate dicyandiamide modified soil aggregates and optimized nitrogen supplying to boosting the soybean-wheat yield in saline-alkali soil
文章编号: N25103007
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Chunxiao Yu, Hongpeng Chen, Biao Tang, Hanwen Liu, Xiaoling Liu, Haibo Zhang, Guangmei Wang
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Biochar and nitrification inhibitors were demonstrated to be effective materials for enhancing soil quality and fertilizer utilization. However, the combined effects on soil modification, nitrogen transformation and storage, and crop yield in soybean-wheat crop system of saline alkaline remain ambiguous. A field experiment was conducted, including five treatments: CK: no nitrogen fertilizer applied, N: formulated urea, ND: urea + dicyandiamide (DCD, 2 %), NB: urea + biochar (1 %, 30 t ha⁻¹), NBD: urea + DCD (2 %) +biochar (1 %). The results indicated biochar and DCD synergistically enhanced saline-alkali soil fertility and crop productivity. Biochar elevated SOM, while DCD enhanced nitrogen conservation. Their combination (NBD) significantly improved structural stability of soil aggregates, promoting the transformation of < 0.053 mm particles to 0.25–0.5 mm micro-aggregates (increased 10–20 %) and increasing MWD/GMD. Microorganisms immobilized nitrogen was significantly higher in soybean season than in wheat season, especially NBD treatment. NBD promoted the microbial transform inorganic-N into organic-N, enhanced soil’s N nutrient supply capacity, and promoted the storage and renewal of soil organic nitrogen (SON). DCD had a stronger effect on regulating SON components than biochar, predominantly affecting the fungal community structure and α-diversity, promoting soil N supply, but the effect was not significant after combination. Active SON showed significant positive correlations with soil protease, urease, and nitrate reductase, and biochar enhanced the organic N mineralization, particularly by augmenting the activity of the rate-limiting enzyme-protease, increased the nitrogen supply during the wheat season. The yield, stem weight and above-ground biomass were significantly increased with biochar and DCD, and the total annual yield increased by 15.5–17.1 %, and the fertilizer use efficiency was significantly improved (44 % ∼ 70 % and 77∼86 %) in the soybean and wheat seasons, respectively. The combined of biochar and DCD, via the “inhibition of nitrifying bacteria + activation of fungal mineralization” dual pathway, mitigates nitrogen loss, fosters SON mineralization, and synergistically enhances N retention and plant effectiveness. The study offers empirical evidence and theoretical underpinnings for the effective management of saline-alkali land.