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241. 题目: Microbial life history strategies regulate soil organic carbon sequestration in response to thinning depending on microbial nutrient limitations
文章编号: N25103006
期刊: Forest Ecology and Management
作者: Wei Zhao, Wenli Zhu, Shuhan Yu, Fengjie Lian, Zihao Fan, Yuchen Liu, Peng Gao, Xingjian Dun, Zixu Zhang
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Although soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics after thinning are largely driven by microbial communities, only a handful of studies have investigated the influence of thinning on microbial life history strategies, especially how they affect microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and SOC sequestration, which remain poorly understood. The study selected 12 sites in three regions to carry out paired experiments on soils from shelter forests that had undergone thinning (TH) and unthinning (NTH) treatments. We investigated the relationships between nutrient limitation of soil microbial communities and microbial life history and CUE after thinning, as well as their effects on SOC. This study revealed that TH eases P limitations for soil microbial communities, yet C limitations increased. Soil β-1,4-glucosidase (BG) activity increased significantly, while β-1,4-N-acetylglucosaminidase (NAG) and acid phosphatase (AP) activities decreased significantly. The Chao1, ACE, and Shannon indices of soil fungi and bacteria increased, and the soil fungal community shifted to an r-strategy. CUE decreased by 14 %, whereas microbial biomass C (MBC) and SOC increased by 39 % and 29 %, respectively. PLS-PM revealed a primary linkage of SOC dynamics to microbial biomass over CUE. Under thinning, reduced P limitation favors r-strategists, increasing microbial biomass and enhancing SOC sequestration. The research results can provide new ideas for promoting soil carbon sequestration in shelter forests through forest management measures such as thinning.

242. 题目: Mangrove-Derived Dissolved Organic Carbon and Allochthonous Refractory Subsidies via Submarine Groundwater Discharge at Regional and Global Scales
文章编号: N25103005
期刊: Water Research
作者: Bangjian Zhang, Xiaogang Chen, Jinzhou Du, Xiaoxiong Wang, Mohammad Rozaimi, Yusi Wang, Dan Wu, Fenfen Zhang
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is the primary pathway for the lateral transport of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in mangroves. However, mangrove-derived DOC flux and its fluorescent components via SGD remains poorly constrained. Based on 222Rn- and Ra-derived SGD rates, we calculate mangrove-derived DOC export to the northern Beibu Gulf via SGD to be 1.39×106 mol d−1. This flux is comparable to 7.4 % of the net primary productivity (NPP) of mangroves around the northern Beibu Gulf. Through Monte Carlo simulation (n=1.5×108 iterations), we estimated the global flux of mangrove-derived DOC to be 1.79×1012 mol yr−1, representing 11.7 % of the NPP of global mangroves and 10.5 % of global riverine outputs. This indicates that the export of DOC is a very important carbon sink within mangrove ecosystems. Combine with three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy (3D-EEMs), this study indicates that mangrove-derived DOC may have relatively high bioavailability. Based on regional observations from the Beibu Gulf in China, this study provides a preliminary estimation of the global export of refractory fluorescent components from mangroves. The results conservatively estimates that their contribution may be approximately equivalent to 10 % of riverine exports and is significantly higher than that from fresh submarine groundwater discharge (FSGD). These findings establish mangroves as a dual-function source, supplying both labile carbon for coastal productivity while being a significant sink of refractory carbon, highlighting their critical role in regulating coastal carbon cycling and blue carbon storage.

243. 题目: Sustainable engineering of orange waste-derived biochars via activator-guided porosity tuning for enhanced capacitive deionization
文章编号: N25103004
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Reza Khoshbouy, Fatemeh Mianjian, Douglas Hungwe, Kunio Yoshikawa
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: The conversion of agricultural residues into functional materials using environmentally benign methods offers a dual benefit: mitigating environmental pollution from improper biomass disposal and reducing reliance on non-renewable carbon sources. The design of sustainable, high-performance electrodes is essential for advancing capacitive deionization (CDI) technologies in water purification. This study investigates the effect of ten chemical activating agents, including basic (e.g., KOH, NaOH), acidic (e.g., H₃PO₄, ZnCl₂, FeCl₃), and neutral (e.g., K₂C₂O₄, KMnO₄) types, on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of engineered biochars derived from orange waste, a renewable and nitrogen-rich biomass. The biochars were characterized using FE-SEM, SEM-EDX, BET, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, and XRD, revealing significant variations in surface area (22 to 1416 m² g⁻¹), porosity, and functional group distribution based on activation chemistry. Electrochemical analyses in 1 M NaCl and deionization tests demonstrated that KOH- and ZnCl₂-activated electrodes exhibited superior specific capacitances (169.4 and 142.7 F g⁻¹, respectively) and salt adsorption capacities (15.65 and 13.18 mg g⁻¹, respectively). These enhancements were attributed to favourable hierarchical pore architectures, nitrogen/oxygen functional groups, and balanced defect densities promoting efficient ion transport and charge storage. Reusability tests confirmed the stability of optimized electrodes over 50 cycles with only ∼6 % performance decline. This work not only highlights the critical role of activating agent selection in tailoring biomass-derived carbon materials but also presents an eco-friendly route for valorising agricultural waste into advanced CDI electrodes. The findings provide strategic insights for rational design of porous carbons for energy-efficient desalination systems.

244. 题目: Mechanistic roles of particulate organic carbon in mercury (Hg) immobilization in Hg-contaminated soil around the Yuping Mercury Mining Area, Guizhou, China
文章编号: N25103003
期刊: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts
作者: Jianwei Chang, Huijuan Yu, Yu Zhang, Bozhen Yu, Chun Gan, Zhipeng Hu, Qingqing Huang, Yuebing Sun
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic heavy metal pollutant characterized by bioaccumulation potential and long-range transport capacity. As one of its critical environmental sinks, soil Hg contamination has attracted significant scientific and regulatory attention. Particulate organic carbon (POC) plays a pivotal role in governing the speciation and stabilization of Hg in soils due to its rapid turnover rate and strong metal-binding capacity, yet current understanding of these mechanisms remains notably inadequate. This study systematically investigated the variability in SOC fraction enrichment across different soil types and elucidated the POC-mediated Hg stabilization mechanisms in soils through comprehensive characterization analyses. The experimental results demonstrate that POC can adsorb more Hg2+, thereby promoting Hg reduction in the soil environment. At the same time, the content of available Hg in POC is lower than that of mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC), and the residual Hg is higher than that of MAOC. Therefore, it can be considered that POC has a certain promoting effect on the stability of Hg in soil. Furthermore, SEM-EDS results showed that the Hg concentration in POC was higher than that in MAOC. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed that -OH and -COOH were involved in the adsorption of Hg. These findings establish that POC content directly regulates both the concentration and chemical forms of Hg in farmland soil, suggesting that POC management could serve as a nature-based strategy for mitigating Hg availability and mobility in Hg- contaminated agricultural soil.

245. 题目: Effect of In Situ-Formed Free Available Chlorine during Chlorine Dioxide-Based Disinfection of Escherichia Coli in the Presence of Natural Organic Matter
文章编号: N25103002
期刊: ACS ES&T Water
作者: Mischa Jütte, Tobias Probanowski, Mohammad Sajjad Abdighahroudi, Christoph Schüth, Torsten Waldminghaus, Holger V Lutze
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) is increasingly used as an alternative to chlorine in oxidative water treatment to mitigate the formation of halogenated disinfection byproducts. However, ClO₂ can generate in situ free available chlorine (FAC) as a secondary oxidant, whose role in microbial inactivation remains poorly understood. This study investigates the impact of in situ-formed FAC during ClO₂-based disinfection of Escherichia coli in the presence of natural organic matter (NOM). Bacterial inactivation was quantified using a novel approach based on lag phase extension in the growth curves. Exposure to 100 μM ClO₂ extended the E. coli lag phase by approximately 40% relative to untreated controls. In contrast, the presence of 100 μM methionine, a selective FAC scavenger, markedly reduced disinfection efficacy, indicating that in situ FAC formation is a key driver of ClO₂-based microbial inactivation. Additionally, disinfection efficiency decreased with increasing pH, consistent with FAC speciation (HOCl/OCl^–; pK_a = 7.54), as OCl^– is less effective than HOCl. Moreover, pH-dependent speciation of NOM (phenol/phenolate; pK_a ≈ 10) influences FAC reactivity, with phenolate exhibiting a higher scavenging capacity. These findings highlight the critical role of both FAC formation and NOM composition in determining the efficacy of ClO₂-based disinfection.

246. 题目: Site‐Specific Drivers of Land‐Use Change Effects on Organic Carbon in German Agriculture and Forest Soils
文章编号: N25103001
期刊: Global Change Biology
作者: David Emde, Ali Sakhaee, Christopher Poeplau, Axel Don, Marc Scherstjanoi, Nicole Wellbrock, Florian Schneider
更新时间: 2025-10-30
摘要: Understanding the extent to which land‐use changes (LUC) impact soil organic carbon (SOC) is essential for accurate carbon accounting and global efforts aimed at reducing the negative impact of LUC on climate change. Recognizing that most of the SOC change due to LUC occurs in the topsoil, current efforts to quantify SOC change often overlook subsoils beyond 30 cm depth. We used data from Germany's national agricultural and forest soil inventories to address this sparsity by modeling depth‐dependent, LUC‐induced, SOC stock change down to 90 cm using data‐driven reciprocal modeling. This modeling was carried out using an ensemble approach for prediction and area of applicability assessments to avoid extrapolation. Landscape, climate, and pedological properties were used to predict the equilibrium SOC stock at four depth intervals (0–10, 10–30, 30–60, and 60–90 cm) for all six land‐use change directions between cropland, grassland, and forest. While the greatest change occurred at the surface for all LUC directions, we detected significant SOC stock change down to the sampled depth of 90 cm. Approximately 30% of the detected SOC stock change was found in the subsoil (30–90 cm). For LUC to or from forests, the litter layer dominated the changes in SOC such that for LUC between grassland and forest, SOC stock change in the mineral soil was mostly offset by the addition or removal of the litter layer. For all LUC directions, the World Reference Base soil group was the most important factor for determining the magnitude of SOC stock change. This study underscores the importance of deeper soil sampling for accurate carbon accounting and climate‐change mitigation strategies.

247. 题目: Photolysis of Hexa(methoxymethyl)melamine in Aquatic Systems: Critical Roles of UV-Shielding Effect, Hydrated Electron and 3DOM* Induced by Dissolved Organic Matter
文章编号: N25102920
期刊: Water Research
作者: Jinfan Chen, He Liu, Dehao Song, Mei Wang, Ting Tang, Songhan Zeng, Sile Wu, Xiaodong Du, Xueqin Tao, Zhi Dang, Guining Lu
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Organic contaminants and dissolved organic matter (DOM) inevitably coexist and are exposed to sunlight in the aquatic environments, underscoring their interrelated roles in degradation processes. Hexa(methoxymethyl)melamine (HMMM), a widely used tire additive, has been frequently detected in aquatic environmental media, and exhibits a chemical structure that suggests potential ecological risks. DOM significantly influences the contaminant fate by acting as a photosensitizer and by generating reactive species. Photolysis is an essential environmental transformation pathway affecting both HMMM and DOM. In this study, HMMM and DOM were studied as an integrated system to investigate their UV-induced photolysis behavior, identify key degradation factors, and assess the toxicity of transformation products. Results demonstrate that both DOM and HMMM undergo transformation during photolysis. Notably, DOM generally inhibits the photodegradation of HMMM, while simultaneously facilitates a reductive degradation pathway initiated by reactive reducing species (including ³DOM* and e_aq⁻). Our findings comprehensively provide evidence for RRS generation, supported by direct detection via electron capture signals and indirect indicators such as photolysis kinetics within HMMM-DOM system. These results refine the current understanding of photolysis pathways for tire-related contaminants in aquatic environments and emphasize the importance of evaluating contaminants and DOM as an integrated system in environmental photochemistry.

248. 题目: Efficient removal of trace Cd2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, and Ag+ from aqueous solutions using maize straw-derived hydrochar
文章编号: N25102919
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Xian Zhang, Yuxian Ji, Hope Nabango, Martin Tawiah, Diederik P L Rousseau, Stijn W H Van Hulle
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: This study compared the performance of eight hydrochars for removing Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Ag⁺ from aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption experiments identified MSHC as the most effective adsorbent, with maximum Langmuir adsorption capacities of 172, 335, 395, and 186 μg/g for Cd²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Ag⁺, respectively. Consequently, the effects of MSHC dosage, solution pH, coexisting ions, NOM, MPs, and different water matrices (deionized water, tap water, secondary effluent, river water) on adsorption efficiency were examined. At an MSHC dosage of 4.0 g/L, the removal efficiency followed the order: Ag⁺ > Cd²⁺ > Pb²⁺ > Ni²⁺. Optimal removal efficiencies by MSHC were achieved at pH 5–6 for Cd²⁺ (>81 %) and Ni²⁺ (42 %), and at pH 6 for Pb²⁺ (84 %), while Ag⁺ removal remained high (>88 %) across a wide pH range (2–6). Coexisting PO₄³⁻, CO₃²⁻, and HCO₃⁻ significantly enhanced the adsorption, whereas Ca²⁺ exhibited an inhibitory effect on Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, and Ag⁺ removal. NOM promoted the removal of all four metal ions, while MPs had negligible effects. Adsorption isotherms and kinetics were best described by the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order models, respectively, with the mechanisms involving electrostatic interactions, surface complexation, ion exchange, and precipitation. MSHC also demonstrated excellent performance in synthetic secondary effluent and river water. This study provides a theoretical foundation for applying hydrochars in wastewater treatment for trace heavy metal removal.

249. 题目: Biochar based nano-fertilizers: a sustainable strategy for enhancing soybean productivity, soil health and climate resilience
文章编号: N25102918
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Maaz Ahmad, Zohaib Younas, Mohammad Hamid Hamdard, Ilyas Ahmad, Ubaidur Rahman, Zia-ur-Rehman Mashwani
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Background Soybean is one the important crop cultivated for its rich source of oils and proteins to feed humans and animals as well as for industrial applications. However, its sustainable production is badly affected by soil poverty insufficient nutrients and various climatic factors. Traditional fertilizers often do not offer lasting nutrient availability and may contribute to deteriorating environmental conditions. Scope In this situation, biochar-based nanofertilizers (BC-NFs), made from agricultural biomass with metal salts, could represent an innovative advance for improving nutrient use efficiency, soil health, and overall crop resilience. This review aims to systematically assess the potential of BC-NFs for sustainable soybean production. The importance of this work lies in placing recent developments on the multi-functional characteristics of BC-NFs. This includes improved nutrient retention and slow-release fertilization, carbon sequestration and greenhouse gas reduction together with soybean productivity as environmental conditions continue to evolve. Even with an increasing interest in BC-NFs, their use in soybean production has not been adequately investigated, nor has there been a crop-specific review to date. Conclusion This review fills this gap by summarizing evidence on BC-NFs, acknowledging research constraints, and presenting future directions to facilitate widespread adoption of BC-NFs as a climate-smart and sustainable nutrient management approach for soybean systems.

250. 题目: Efficient removal of foam agent in shield muck by modified biochar materials with controlled bimetallic crystalline configuration: Performances and mechanism
文章编号: N25102917
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Yaoyi Wang, Lijun Han, Kangru Xu, Huanqing Guo, Ping Wang, Jiangshan Li
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Anionic surfactant sodium alcohol ether sulphate (AES) is widely used as the core component of foam agent in shield construction, which can cause soil contamination and impede the resource utilisation of shield muck. In this study, bimetallic modified biochar materials, Enstatites/BC and Amphiboles/BC, were prepared via acidic and alkaline coprecipitation method followed by pyrolysis, respectively. Their adsorption performance on AES in the filtrate and shield muck, as well as the underlying mechanism, was investigated in detail. The results showed that the maximum equilibrium adsorption of AES by Enstatites/BC and Amphiboles/BC was 224.15 and 267.15 mg/g, respectively (1.88 and 2.24 times higher than that of unmodified biochar). The Enstatites/BC was primarily subjected to metal ion modification to enhance positive charge density and electrostatic attraction to AES. At the same time, the Amphiboles/BC relied on their high ionic strengthen to enhance electrostatic interaction and ion exchange with the AES. The optimal dosage of Enstatites/BC and Amphiboles/BC for the stabilisation of AES in soil was found to be 5 % and 3 %, which could effectively reduce AES leaching from soil by 96.9 % and 98.6 %, respectively. More dosage might lead to the opposite effect due to charge shielding failure, particle agglomeration, or pore blockage. Furthermore, higher pH and electrical conductivity (EC) facilitated the adsorption of AES within soil. This study reveals the key influence of modulating the crystalline configuration in modified biochar on the adsorption performance of AES, which provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the efficient removal of AES from the filtrate and the restoration of shield muck.

251. 题目: Soil structure and organic carbon dynamics from agroforestry and conventional coffee systems in a clayey Oxisol
文章编号: N25102916
期刊: Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
作者: Helen C S Amorim, Franciane D Cogo, Rodrigo L Cunha, Carlos A Silva, Amanda J Ashworth, Yuri L Zinn
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Agroforestry systems can enhance C retention in soils, nutrient cycling, and biodiversity, helping offset soil and water degradation commonly associated with monocultures. However, impacts of agroforestry on soil organic carbon and water retention are variable and remain largely understudied for tropical soils and coffee (Coffea arabica L.) systems. This study assessed soil organic C (SOC), soil structure, and particulate organic matter C (POM-C) in a gibbsitic Oxisol under conventional coffee (CC), coffee + macadamia [Macadamia integrifolia Maiden & Betche (CM)] agroforestry, no-till (NT) soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]-corn (Zea mays L.), and a secondary forest succession (SF) as a control. After 10 years, CM had 24 % lower bulk density and 18 % greater soil porosity than CC, resulting in 20 % greater water storage to a 0–40 cm. CM enhanced macroaggregate stability compared to CC, likely owing to greater litter inputs and root activity. Soil organic C stocks were relatively high (87–100 Mg C ha−1 at the 0–40 cm layer), due to clayey soil texture and abundant Fe and Al oxides, being higher under secondary forests but similar across agricultural land use systems (p > 0.05). Particulate organic matter C was unaffected by land use systems, comprising approximately 11 % of total SOC at 0–5 cm, suggesting a steady state in organic matter turnover and accumulation after 10 years. Integrating macadamia trees into coffee plantations improves water storage relative to CC and preserves SOC, thus supporting natural resource conservation programs, ecosystem services’ markets, and enhancing income diversification and rural development in tropical regions.

252. 题目: Photosensitized Degradation of Tetracycline by Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) in Biochemical Effluent: Mechanistic Insights from Spectroscopy
文章编号: N25102915
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Xiao Cao, Xinchao Zhang, Yiyang He, Suyun Xu, Songrui Yang, Haiping Yuan, Shifei Kang, Lin Gu
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), ubiquitous multifunctional matrices in wastewater treatment effluent, critically regulate the environmental fate of antibiotics through adsorption and light-driven transformation. Yet, the photochemical differences between soluble EPS (SEPS) and bound EPS (BEPS) remain poorly resolved. In this study, their structural composition, optical properties, and photosensitizing activity were systematically investigated with tetracycline (TC) as a model contaminant. Control experiments showed that direct photolysis of TC was negligible (<5% removal in 5 h), whereas both SEPS and BEPS promoted TC degradation. SEPS achieved 48.3% removal in 5 h with a pseudo-first-order rate constant of (k = 0.1363 h^-1, significantly outperforming BEPS (36.6% removal, k = 0.0902 h^-1). Spectroscopic analyses revealed that SEPS was enriched in humic-like and aromatic structures with stronger light absorption and photostability, while FT-ICR MS showed higher proportions of lignin- and tannin-like compounds, conferring greater redox activity and electron-shuttling ability. Reactive oxygen species including ³EPS^⁎, ¹O₂, ·OH^, and ·O₂^- were identified, with ³EPS^⁎ and ¹O₂ dominating the SEPS-mediated pathway, as verified by EPR and quenching experiments. Degradation intermediates were elucidated by HPLC-MS, and reaction pathways were further supported by DFT calculations. This work clarifies the distinct roles of SEPS and BEPS in EPS-mediated photosensitized degradation of antibiotics under Xe lamp irradiation (>280 nm), highlighting SEPS as a naturally occurring, highly efficient photosensitizer and providing mechanistic insights for sustainable water purification strategies.

253. 题目: High density of pika burrows decreases soil organic carbon in Zoige plateau grasslands
文章编号: N25102914
期刊: Catena
作者: Ling Luo, Hanqing Luo, Ying Zhu, Shihuai Deng
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) are prevalent in plateau grasslands, and their burrowing activity can affect soil carbon (C) storage, with potential implication for global warming. However, the effect of pika burrows on soil C cycling remains debated. This study systematically examined how pika burrows alter soil C by analyzing soil properties, enzyme activities, microbial abundance, and community composition across different burrow structures (mound, wall, bottom) and artificially constructed control burrows in Zoige grassland on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. The results revealed that pika burrowing altered soil C components: soil organic carbon (SOC) decreased in the burrow mound and wall soils but increased in the burrow bottom compared to controls. In addition, dissolved organic C (DOC) was higher in all burrow soil samples. Activities of soil enzymes, particularly oxidases, were notably altered. Pika burrowing increased microbial abundance and copiotrophic bacterial phyla (Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes). The observed SOC loss is likely attributable to the enhanced microbial growth (increased microbial abundance) and accelerated decomposition of soil organic matter (increased DOC). Each pika burrow caused a net loss of approximately 103.7 g of SOC. Given an estimated burrow density of 0.816 burrows m−2, this translates to a SOC loss of about 84.6 g per m2 in the study area. These findings suggest that pika burrowing contributes substantially to SOC loss in alpine grasslands of the Zoige Plateau. Future studies should prioritize broader sampling across spatial scales and incorporate burrow density mapping to improve our understanding of pika burrowing impacts on C cycling.

254. 题目: Regional characteristics drive thinning effects on boreal soil organic carbon stocks
文章编号: N25102913
期刊: Forest Ecology and Management
作者: Maya Disraëli Ratsimandresiarivo, Annie DesRochers, Jérôme Laganière, Vincent Poirier, Xavier Cavard
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Boreal forest soils store more carbon than the aboveground vegetation and play a critical role in the global carbon cycle and ecosystem function. Despite their importance, the long-term impacts of forest management on soil organic carbon (SOC) remain unclear, especially in boreal forests with contrasting climatic conditions. This study assesses the effects of commercial thinning on SOC stocks (20-year post-treatment) in black spruce stands across two boreal regions in Québec: the warmer, drier Abitibi and the colder, wetter Cote-Nord, accounting also spatial variability from skidding strips. We measured SOC stocks at three soil depths (forest floor, mineral layer: 0–15 and 15–30 cm) in both thinned and unmanaged stands, using bulk density and SOC concentration. Soil pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and macronutrients were also conducted to characterize soil fertility. Thinning had no effect on total SOC stocks of the whole profile in either region, but horizon-specific differences were detected. A decrease in forest floor SOC stocks was observed in Côte-Nord, whereas SOC stocks in Abitibi remained similar. These contrasting outcomes reflect regional differences in soil fertility (higher CEC, potassium in Abitibi) and climatic conditions which may have influenced vegetation regrowth and, consequently, SOC stocks’ recovery over time. Although SOC stocks decreased in skidding strips, their small proportion within the stand minimized their effect on total SOC stocks at the plot level. Overall, the study emphasizes the need to consider climatic and soil context, as well as limited spatial extent of skidding strips, in evaluating silvicultural impacts on boreal carbon sequestration.

255. 题目: Microplastics-driven reconfiguration of organic carbon fractions in lake sediments: mineralization and stabilization dynamics of biodegradable polymers
文章编号: N25102912
期刊: Water Research
作者: Zequn Fan, Yue Yang, Peijun Wang, Shuhang Wang, Shiming Ding
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: While microplastics (MPs) are known to profoundly disrupt carbon cycling in lake sediments, the distinct mechanistic pathways by which biodegradable MPs reconfigure organic carbon fractions (OCFs) remain largely unknown. This study elucidates how poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and polyethylene (PE) MPs dynamically reconfigure OCFs and modulate carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methane (CH₄) emissions in anaerobic lake sediment microcosms. Incubation experiments showed that PBAT serves a dual role: it acts as a potent short-term carbon source that accelerates the release of bioavailable oligomers and dissolved organic carbon (exceeding PE), selectively enriching fermentative microbiota (e.g., p_Firmicutes) and enhancing carbon cycle-related functions, thereby increasing CO₂ and CH₄ emissions by up to 68.59 % and 191.07 % (compared to the control), respectively. Concurrently, PBAT-amended sediment accelerated the decomposition of potential mineralized carbon and readily oxidizable organic carbon, resulting in reduced absolute stability (heavy/light fraction organic carbon= 1.03–2.63) compared to natural sediment (4.45–6.64). Nonetheless, PBAT degradation appeared to inhibit late-stage methanogenesis while facilitating a net redistribution of carbon towards stabilized fractions. Crucially, PBAT enhanced carbon stabilization by promoting humification (increased SUVA₂₅₄ and humic-like fluorescence), mineral association, and humin accumulation. These findings reveal a significant environmental trade-off: biodegradable MPs, although less physically persistent, introduce complex biogeochemical disruptions by serving as substantial short-term carbon sources and modifying carbon sequestration processes. This challenges the assumptions of PBAT’s environmental safety, emphasizing significant risks to carbon-sensitive lake ecosystems and necessitating the consideration of these cascading carbon-climate feedbacks in policy frameworks.

256. 题目: Microbial mechanisms of biochar reducing methane emission in a rice-crayfish integrated system
文章编号: N25102911
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Linjie Ma, Chengxin Zhang, Baoli Qin, Ting Yang, Rong Xu, Lingyu Zhu, Guangming Han, Leiming Wu, Siyu Li, Jianhua Bi, Shouhong Wang, Jiahong Zhang, Xiangming Kou
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Biochar application can mitigate methane (CH4) emissions from paddy fields in rice monoculture cropping system. However, the response of CH4 emissions to biochar application in rice-crayfish integrated system (RCS) remains unclear. A two-year field experiment (October 2022-October 2024) was conducted to explore the influences of biochar application on CH4 emission, soil chemical properties and the community structures and abundances of methanogens and methanotrophs in RCS in Gaoyou City, Jiangsu Province, China. Biochar was applied annually at low rate (7.5 t ha-1) and high rate (15 t ha-1) in RCS, respectively. Biochar application significantly reduced annual CH4 emissions by 33.6-43.5%, CH4 intensities from rice source by 39.3-50.3%, and CH4 intensities from crayfish source by 32.8-43.5%, averaged across all annual cycles. Reduction in annual CH4 emissions resulted from biochar application was primarily attributed to decreased mcrA gene abundance, increased pmoA gene abundance, and a lower gene abundance ratio of mcrA to pmoA. Furthermore, changes in mcrA and pmoA gene abundances induced by biochar application significantly correlated with elevated soil redox potential, pH, ammonium and nitrate, as well as reduced soil dissolved organic carbon. Further analysis revealed that biochar application in RCS reduced methanogens abundance mainly by decreasing the relative abundances of Methanobacterium, Methanothermococcus and Methanocella, while enhanced methanotrophs abundance mainly by increasing the relative abundances of Methyloparacoccus, Methylocaldum and Methylogaea. Therefore, biochar application greatly mitigates CH4 emission in RCS by altering community structures and abundances of methanogens and methanotrophs through modifications in soil chemical properties.

257. 题目: Bimetallic Fe/Mn MOFs derivatives loaded on biochar for activated peroxydisulfate in degradation of sulfamethoxazole: Fe-Mn bonding promotes non-radical pathway transitions
文章编号: N25102910
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Yuying Han, Jiuwan Wang, Xinxin Yan, Dandan Wang, Hongkun Han, Congting Sun
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: In antibiotic wastewater treatment, selective driving the non-radical pathway in peroxydisulfate (PDS) activation via precisely regulating the local active sites of biochar-supported MOF derivatives remains a significant challenge. A bimetallic Fe/Mn-MOF precursor with direct Fe–Mn bonding was pyrolyzed on biochar (FeMn-MOFs-derivatives@BC) for non-radical oxidation PDS. Based on 1O2 and ETP pathway, sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation reached 96.5 % within 10 min across a wide pH range (2–11), with negligible Fe/Mn leaching (5.6/1.5 µg L⁻¹). Both XAFS and DFT calculations further indicated that Fe–Mn bonds at the Fe₃O₄/Mn₃O₄ interface could significantly improve PDS adsorption and electron-transfer capacity compared to that in conventional Fe/Mn–O heterostructures. Finally, continuous-flow catalytic-membrane experiments demonstrated the outstanding potential for practical wastewater treatment of the FeMn-MOFs-derivatives@BC/PDS system, confirming its robustness under realistic operating conditions. This work offers the insight into the role of metal-metal bonding in PDS activation and paves the way for modulating the reactive species via regulation the local activation sites.

258. 题目: Effects of thermal alkaline hydrolysis and biochar addition on anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge and fate of antibiotic resistance genes
文章编号: N25102909
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Ruoxin Li, Chunsheng Qiu, Xu Chen, Nannan Liu, Yaping Zhang, Li Qi, Shaopo Wang
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Anaerobic digestion (AD) has gained wide attention as a potential method to reduce the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study systematically evaluated the impacts of thermal alkaline hydrolysis (TA), biochar addition (BA), and the combination of these two methods (TA-BA) on the efficiency of AD and the removal of ARGs in the sewage sludge AD process. Metagenomic sequencing and quantitative PCR were used to systematically analyze the dissemination of ARGs in different sludge samples. The results indicated that both TA and TA-BA could enhance the efficiency of sludge AD, and the cumulative biogas production was increased by 68.35 %–258.57 % compared to the control group. In addition, the absolute abundance of ARGs was significantly reduced by 59.31 %–74.67 % in the TA- and BA-treated groups compared to the control group. The combination of TA-BA exhibited a synergistic effect, achieving the most significant reduction in ARGs absolute abundance (up to 74.67 % removal), outperforming individual treatments. Both TA and BA could promote the generation of Anaerolinea and Longilinea. Meanwhile, TA significantly increased the relative abundance of Methanobacteriaceae, while BA enhanced the relative abundance of Methanothrix. The correlation analysis demonstrated a significant negative correlation between TOC and sul1 (p < 0.01), and revealing a significant positive correlation between intI1 and sul1 (p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between the fate of ARGs and the succession of microbial community structure.

259. 题目: Synergistic regulation of humic acid and aeration: Enhancing yield of processing tomato by improving soil environment under water-saving mulched drip irrigation
文章编号: N25102908
期刊: Agricultural Water Management
作者: Jiaying Ma, Rui Chen, Yue Wen, Jinzhu Zhang, Feihu Yin, Zhanli Ma, Jiliang Zheng, Zhenhua Wang
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Mulched drip irrigation has been proven to reduce irrigation water usage while significantly increasing crop yields. However, its long-term application poses a potential risk of soil quality degradation. Therefore, achieving the synergistic regulation of water, fertilizer, and aeration through drip irrigation is crucial for improving soil quality and environmental conditions, thereby enhancing crop productivity. To investigate the synergistic regulation of humic acid and aeration on soil quality and their impact on processing tomato yield, a field experiment was conducted in Xinjiang, a region in China with arid conditions, in 2023 and 2024. The study employed urea as the nitrogen fertilizer and assessed the combined effects of three humic acid additions (H1: 0 %, H2: 0.25 %, H3: 0.5 %) and three aeration methods (A1: Ungassed, 5 mg/L; A2: Micro-nano aerated, 18 mg/L; A3: Venturi aeration, 9 mg/L) under 450 mm irrigation amount. Results showed that the synergistic regulation of humic acid and aeration significantly enhanced soil nutrient indicators. Compared to the conventional treatment (H1A1), the addition of 0.5 % humic acid under micro-nano aeration (H3A2) significantly increased soil NH4+ -N (46.21–51.49 %), TN (47.07–47.42 %), and TC (18.72–21.79 %). The activities of soil catalase (CAT, 9.91–14.29 %), nitrate reductase (NR, 9.98–15.54 %), sucrase (27.35–28.19 %), and urease (1.72–13.31 %) were all significantly improved. Moreover, the abundance of dominant bacterial and fungal species was notably increased. RDA analysis was used to identify the key soil environmental factors influencing soil bacteria (NH4+-N, NO3⁻-N, TC, NR, and Sucrase) and fungi (NH4+-N, NO3⁻-N, TC, NR, and CAT). Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis of these indicators revealed the impact pathways of humic acid and aeration on bacteria and fungi. Both humic acid and aeration had a positive effect on bacteria (0.815 and 0.068) and fungi (0.481 and 0.251). Correlation analysis indicated that the key environmental factors influencing yield improvement were Actinobacteriota (bacteria phylum level), Dothideomycetes (fungi class level), and TC. The highest yield of 313.92 t/ha was achieved with the H3A2. The soil quality index (SQI) analysis revealed that H3A2 yielded the highest SQI. Additionally, model fitting indicated that H3A2 synergistically improved both soil quality and processing tomato yield. These findings provide valuable new insights into the development of sustainable agricultural production in arid regions, particularly regarding the effects of integrated water-fertilizer-aeration management strategies on soil nutrients, the soil microenvironment, and processing tomato yield.

260. 题目: Multiscale synergistic effect of Fe/Mn oxides and biochar on bifunctional adsorption of tetracycline and Cu2+ in water at a wide pH range
文章编号: N25102907
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Chang Liu, Na Zheng, Chenxi Tang, Yining Ji, Qirui An, Changcheng Chen, Junjie Yuan, Yunyang Li
更新时间: 2025-10-29
摘要: Heavy metal and antibiotic compound pollution poses a serious threat to ecosystems and human health. In this study, a bifunctional magnetic biochar (FMBC) was prepared by a synergistic iron and manganese bimetallic modification strategy using discarded mushroom rods as biomass precursors. The Fe/Mn co-doping not only synergistically optimized the multilevel pore structure of the biochar matrix, but also endowed the biochar with ferromagnetic properties, which facilitates the separation of the solid-liquid after adsorption. It was demonstrated that FMBC exhibited exceptional adsorption performance for both tetracycline (TC) and Cu²⁺ in the pH range of 2 to 12. In the TC-Cu²⁺ composite pollution system (40 mg·L⁻¹ TC and 10 mg·L⁻¹ Cu²⁺), the adsorption amounts of TC and Cu²⁺ by FMBC were 14.53 mg·g⁻¹ and 4.97 mg·g⁻¹ after 60 min, respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to analyze the molecular configurations and electrostatic potential (ESP) of TC under different pH conditions, as well as the adsorption energies and charge transfers of TC and Cu²⁺ in different adsorption configurations on the BC and FMBC surfaces, respectively. Due to the ferromagnetic properties, the FMBC can realize efficient solid-liquid separation within 10 s under the applied magnetic field. The removal efficiencies of more than 93.38% and 96.66% for TC and Cu²⁺ were still maintained after 5 cycles. This study provides a novel approach for treating complex environmental pollution systems.