论文检索

总访问量：6124346次

总访客量：491978人

所有论文

21. 题目: Integrating Fourier-derived temporal features from multi-year vegetation and soil moisture time series enhances soil organic matter mapping
文章编号: N26090813
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Chenconghai Yang, Lin Yang, Lei Zhang
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Soil organic matter (SOM) is critical for soil health, ecosystem functioning, and climate regulation. Digital soil mapping (DSM) offers an efficient approach for estimating the spatial distribution of SOM, but its accuracy strongly depends on whether environmental covariates adequately represent soil spatial variability. In recent years, dynamic covariates that change over time, particularly remote sensing vegetation indices (VI) and soil moisture (SM), have been increasingly incorporated into DSM. However, many studies still rely on a static perspective (usually using temporally averaged representations) for establishing covariates, which leads to the fact that the intrinsic temporal dynamic features of those covariates cannot be well captured. In this study, we extracted temporal dynamic covariates from VI and SM time series data over multiple time windows (1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year) using a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) approach and evaluated their performance in SOM mapping across paddy fields, drylands, and forests in Anhui Province, China, using a random forest model. The results indicate that the FFT-derived VI-FFT and SM-FFT covariates improved SOM mapping accuracy across all evaluated time windows, with the 1-year + 5-year combination achieving the best performance. Adding VI-FFT and SM-FFT covariates increased the metric of Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (LCCC) by 13.9% and 12.6%, respectively. The combined use of VI-FFT and SM-FFT covariates achieved the highest predictive performance, with a model improvement of 35.0% on average. Our results underscore the importance of incorporating multi-year environmental dynamics for establishing a robust SOC-environment relationship. This suggests that future DSM efforts should move beyond static covariates by systematically extracting temporal features from historical observations of vegetation and soil moisture.

22. 题目: A deep learning super‑resolution framework for spatial downscaling: Application to soil organic carbon
文章编号: N26090812
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Mick Cai, Budiman Minasny
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Downscaling existing digital soil maps is needed to provide the spatial detail required for fine-resolution land management and carbon accounting. This is particularly important for soil organic carbon (SOC), where existing national maps are often inadequate for local decision-making. Current downscaling approaches commonly rely on field measurements, high-resolution covariates at the target location, or simple bilinear interpolation, which can limit their applicability and accuracy in data-limited regions. Deep learning super-resolution methods have recently been explored for environmental variables and can provide a promising pathway for downscaling coarse digital soil maps. Here, we present a deep super‑resolution framework based on the Residual Channel Attention Network (RCAN) and demonstrate its application on SOC maps, showing that RCAN can downscale 90 m inputs to 30 m by learning transferable coarse‑to‑fine patterns. We found that RCAN maintained a strong correlation between estimated and reference SOC (R2 ≥ 0.992) and achieved great accuracy (median error ≤ 0.0036%) within the dominant SOC range. RCAN consistently outperformed bilinear interpolation by reducing prediction errors, improving reconstruction fidelity, and better preserving fine-scale spatial structure. These results highlight the potential of a deep learning super‑resolution framework for spatial downscaling, using SOC as an example of its applicability in data‑limited contexts.

23. 题目: Long-term straw mulching and slow-release nitrogen fertilization increase bacterial community stability and soil organic carbon by alleviating microbial resource limitation
文章编号: N26090811
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Jiajie Song, Dingding Zhang, Jianheng Song, Shahzad Haider, Jinze Bai, Gaihe Yang, Guangxin Ren, Yongzhong Feng, Xing Wang
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: The Loess Sandy Region, a fragile ecosystem facing severe soil degradation, requires sustainable strategies to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and restore ecological functions. Through a long-term split-plot experiment, we evaluated straw mulching (applied (S) or not (S0)) with nitrogen fertilizer types (none (W), conventional urea (U), slow-release urea (RU)) during critical phenological periods of soybean growth. The results indicated that SU and SRU treatments significantly increased average yields by 209.03% and 356.32%, respectively, compared to S0W. Regarding carbon pools, compared to S0W, S0U and S0RU treatments reduced SOC content by 6.31% and 5.33%, respectively. The SW and SRU treatments significantly increased SOC content by 33.53% and 45.17%, respectively, and also significantly raised mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) content by 35.37% and 26.20%. Furthermore, SW, SU, and SRU treatments reduced the rate of organic carbon mineralization. Enzyme stoichiometric modeling revealed that SU and SRU effectively alleviated microbial nitrogen limitation. The S0U and S0RU treatments significantly reduced bacterial Chao1 and Shannon at the pod stage (R4). By the maturity stage (R8), SU and SRU treatments increased the Shannon index. Co-occurrence network analysis demonstrated that SRU treatment significantly enhanced bacterial network complexity and exhibited the lowest average variation degree. Although favorable hydrothermal conditions stimulate microbial activity and accelerate the mineralization of native organic matter in the short term, in the long run, the efficient utilization of straw-derived carbon by microorganisms, particularly the significant increase in MAOC, drives the overall increase in SOC. Overall, this study provides important theoretical support for advancing the sustainable restoration of degraded ecosystems in the Loess Region.

24. 题目: Toward accurate determination of surface soil organic matter: hyperspectral retrieval with physical, statistical, and deep learning
文章编号: N26090810
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Chao Niu, Yuan Zhang, Yayu Yang, Kun Tan, Linya Zhao, Lijun Tian
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Soil organic matter (SOM) is a key indicator of soil quality and ecosystem functioning, directly linked to crop productivity and sustainable development. Accurately characterizing its spatiotemporal dynamics is crucial for activities related to land use planning, environmental protection, and land degradation management. Soil imaging spectroscopy has emerged as a validated technique for estimating soil properties, particularly gaining traction for quantifying organic matter. In this study, a physical retrieval model for SOM content is developed using the radiative transfer model. By incorporating the effect of moisture on reflectance, this method offers a novel strategy for addressing the challenges in retrieving soil environmental quality parameters. The physical-based, feature-based, and deep neural network-based methods were compared and cross-validated within a unified SOM retrieval framework. The coefficients of determination (R2) of the validation sets were 0.556 (physical-based model), 0.688 (feature-based statistical model), and 0.725 (deep neural network-based model), respectively. Correlation analysis results indicate good agreement among the three methods, with correlation coefficients greater than 0.6. By employing an extended triple collocation algorithm to assess the error distribution, it was found that the physical-based model achieved a squared correlation coefficient of 0.839 against the unknown true value, outperforming the other two models. The categorical triple collocation analysis revealed clear differences in the performance of the three methods at different organic matter gradients. Finally, the three SOM products were merged using TCA-derived weights to generate an integrated SOM map.

25. 题目: Nitrogen deposition alters extracellular polymeric substances accumulation through microbial physiological adjustments in subtropical forest soils
文章编号: N26090809
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Fengping Lai, Xinran Li, Zhijie Yang, Dafeng Hui, Jianfen Guo, Xiaofei Liu, Yusheng Yang
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) represent an important extracellular microbial carbon pool, yet their responses to nitrogen (N) deposition under contrasting belowground ingrowth conditions remain poorly understood. We combined three levels of N addition (0, 40, and 80 kg Nha−1 yr−1) with root–hyphal treatments in a subtropical Castanopsis carlesii natural forest to examine changes in EPS content, microbial biomass carbon (MBC)-normalized EPS (EPS/MBC ratio), and the estimated contribution of EPS-C to SOC. Low N addition significantly reduced polysaccharides and total EPS by 24% and 20%, respectively, whereas high N addition had no significant effect on EPS content. These changes coincided with declines in MBC, consistent with an association between microbial biomass and variation in the standing EPS pool under N enrichment. In contrast, EPS/MBC ratios increased across all EPS fractions, most strongly under high N, and were associated with lower microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and altered biomass-specific extracellular enzyme activities. This points to a shift in the standing EPS pool relative to microbial biomass rather than a change in absolute EPS content. No statistically significant effect of root–hyphal treatment on EPS content or EPS/MBC ratios was detected. Estimated EPS-C accounted for only 0.3–0.5% of SOC; its contribution decreased under low N addition and was higher under root–hyphal exclusion, the latter reflecting a smaller bulk SOC pool rather than increased EPS-C content. Overall, this study shows that N deposition alters biomass-normalized EPS responses more strongly than it alters the bulk EPS pool, identifying the EPS/MBC ratio as a sensitive indicator of shifts in the relative balance between extractable EPS and microbial biomass under N enrichment.

26. 题目: Preferential spatial distribution of organic matter across mineral phases within soil microstructures
文章编号: N26090808
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Yahan Hu, Itamar A Shabtai, Carmen Höschen, Werner Häusler, Stephan Kaufhold, Martin Pentrak, Steffen A Schweizer
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Soils are complex biogeochemical systems in which organic matter (OM) and mineral surfaces are heterogeneously distributed. While interactions of OM with reactive mineral surfaces are broadly recognized to shape the fate of soil organic carbon, the mechanisms governing the preferential spatial distribution of OM across mineral phases within intact microstructures remain unknown. Here, we mapped soil microstructures incubated with 15N-enriched litter using nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) at a resolution of 120 nm. To identify different mineral phases within mineral-dominated regions, we developed an unsupervised machine-learning segmentation which enabled us to cluster the sample surfaces with mineral references based on elemental signatures. The spatial preferential arrangement of mineral phases with pre-existing (14N-enriched) and newly formed (15N-enriched) OM was quantified by dilation and nearest neighbor edge-to-edge distance analyses. We found that comparable mineral phases and some of their weathering products neighbored one another. Pre-existing OM was pre-dominantly spatially adjacent to calcium carbonate within the pores while newly formed OM was spatially adjacent to pre-existing OM within pores. This highlights that pores channel the distribution of OM through soil microstructure with pre-existing OM regions providing preferential binding spots while distinct mineral phases did not appear to strongly influence the arrangement due to their constrained accessibility. This indicates that the coupled effects of soil pore architecture and the heterogeneous distribution of mineral phases shape OM stabilization, rather than being primarily driven by the allocation of the most reactive mineral phases.

27. 题目: Role of natural organic matter in mediating the adsorption of Mo(VI) onto ferrihydrite
文章编号: N26090807
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Wei Li, Yang Ruan, Hongxiang Yang, Hongdong Xiao, Shengnan Huang, Teresa J Cheng, Yuanan Hu, Hefa Cheng
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Fe (hydr)oxides have significant impacts on the fate of molybdenum (Mo) via the adsorption of molybdate (MoO42−) onto their surfaces. However, these materials always interact with natural organic matter (NOM) in the natural environment, and the role of NOM in mediating the geochemical behavior of Mo(VI) at mineral surfaces remains poorly understood. Using humic acid (HA) as a model organic compound, the adsorption behavior, influencing factors, and underlying mechanism of Mo(VI) onto ferrihydrite (Fh)-HA co-precipitates were investigated via batch experiments, combined with XPS and FTIR analyses. The results revealed that HA exhibited dual effects on Mo(VI) retention, with a pronounced dependence on the C/Fe molar ratio. It inhibited Mo(VI) uptake at a higher C/Fe molar ratio (0.5), while promoting adsorption at a lower C/Fe molar ratio (0.1) under acidic-to-neutral conditions (pH 4.0-7.5). The presence of various coexisting anions exerted distinct effects on Mo(VI) adsorption. Specifically, H2PO4−/SO42− inhibited Mo(VI) adsorption, whereas Cl−/NO3− promoted its uptake. The results of XPS, FTIR characterization, and chemical extraction consistently indicated that the binding modes of Mo consisted of a mixture of outer-sphere complexes, inner-sphere complexes with both ferric hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, and ferric molybdate-like precipitates in the presence of HA, with no significant reduction of Mo(VI) occurring. These findings highlight the critical role of NOM in governing Mo speciation and mobility at Fe (hydr)oxide-water interfaces, providing essential insights for predicting Mo fate and developing remediation strategies for contaminated soils.

28. 题目: DOM concentration and mineralogical heterogeneity jointly regulate antimony redistribution in secondary iron mineral assemblages from acid mine drainage
文章编号: N26090806
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Jie Zheng, Wangjun Lin, Nana Wang, Tangfu Xiao, Zengping Ning, Jianqiao Wang, Bin Nong, Jiayi Zhang, Fuqiang Li, Jie Chen, Mengyang You
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Antimony (Sb) mobility in acid mine drainage (AMD) is strongly regulated by interactions with secondary Fe minerals and dissolved organic matter (DOM), yet how mineralogical heterogeneity modifies DOM-induced Sb redistribution remains poorly understood. Here, we investigated how DOM concentration and composition regulate Sb(V) retention and mobilization in a naturally derived multicomponent secondary iron mineral assemblage (nmSIM) and representative single Fe minerals, using humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA) and L-tryptophan (L-Trp) as representative DOM types. By integrating Sb retention/release measurements with Fe dissolution, mineralogical characterization and surface spectroscopic analyses, we identified a concentration-dependent shift in the relative importance of retention and mobilization processes. At relatively low DOM concentrations, HA and FA generally enhanced Sb(V) retention, whereas at higher concentrations they promoted Fe dissolution and Sb mobilization; L-Trp exerted substantially weaker and less systematic effects. Notably, nmSIM did not consistently exhibit lower initial Sb release than individual minerals. Instead, under HA and FA perturbation, it displayed a distinct temporal response, with relatively high initial Sb mobilization followed by attenuation or stabilization of dissolved Sb, whereas several single-mineral systems showed more sustained release. Mineralogical and surface-chemical evidence indicates that DOM-promoted dissolution of relatively reactive Fe-bearing phases was accompanied by phase evolution toward more crystalline Fe-(oxyhydr)oxide-rich surfaces. The concurrent decline or stabilization of dissolved Sb despite continued Fe release supports the involvement of newly generated Fe-bearing interfaces in subsequent partial Sb re-immobilization, although their mineral-specific contribution cannot be quantitatively resolved by the present data. Overall, the results reveal a two-level regulatory framework in which DOM concentration and composition govern the initial balance between Sb retention and mobilization, whereas mineralogical heterogeneity modulates the subsequent fate of mobilized Sb through coupled dissolution, phase transformation and partial re-immobilization. This framework cautions against directly extrapolating single-mineral behavior to heterogeneous AMD systems and provides a mechanistic basis for assessing Sb mobility and retention under DOM perturbation.

29. 题目: Incorporating soil cracks improves nitrogen transport modelling in paddy soils under contrasting irrigation and biochar management
文章编号: N26090805
期刊: Journal of Hydrology
作者: Jiazhen Hu, Shihong Yang, Honghui Sang, Dongxing Su, Liang Li, Xinyu Zhao, Zewei Jiang, Haonan Qiu, Yi Xu, Xinyi Li
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Crack-induced preferential flow in water-saving paddy systems may accelerate nitrogen transport beyond the root zone, increasing the risk of fertilizer loss and agricultural non-point source pollution. However, how soil cracks regulate NH4+–N and NO3−–N redistribution under irrigation and biochar management remains insufficiently quantified. Here, we developed a crack-incorporated COMSOL-2D model that explicitly represented cracks with prescribed geometries and dimensions and quantified crack–matrix water exchange based on the transverse hydraulic gradient across crack walls, while coupling root water uptake, nitrogen transformation, and adsorption processes. Experiments were conducted during the 2022 and 2023 rice-growing seasons under controlled irrigation without biochar, controlled irrigation with 10, 30, and 60 t ha−1 biochar, and flooded irrigation without biochar. The model was calibrated using the 2022 data and independently validated using the 2023 data. Compared with the crack-free model, the crack-incorporated model reduced RMSE by 14.50–25.80%, increased the index of agreement by 0.20–9.80%, and improved the Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency by 0.50–25.10% for NH4+–N simulation in 2022. For NO3−–N simulation, RMSE decreased by 1.70–18.37%, and the index of agreement increased by 0.50–33.70%. Model improvements were more evident in the 10–40 cm soil layers, suggesting that explicit crack representation better captured preferential nitrogen movement in the deeper part of the observed profile. NH4+–N was mainly retained in the upper soil profile during the early growth stage and redistributed downward later in the season, whereas NO3−–N showed greater sensitivity to irrigation events and crack characteristics. During the later growth stage, biochar-amended treatments maintained 17.5–52.5% higher NO3−–N concentrations than controlled irrigation without biochar (CK). Scenario simulations showed that crack depth exerted a stronger influence on nitrogen redistribution than crack number or morphology. Increasing crack depth reduced nitrogen accumulation within the observed soil profile and increased the potential for downward nitrogen transport, particularly for NO3−–N. These results suggest that crack-free models may underestimate downward nitrogen transport in water-saving paddy systems, supporting the explicit consideration of soil cracks in modeling nitrogen transport under water-saving irrigation.

30. 题目: Organic carbon dynamics in a subtropical watershed: hydrological processes and land use controls
文章编号: N26090804
期刊: Journal of Hydrology
作者: Guan-Zhou Lin, Li-Chi Chiang
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Land use and hydrological processes jointly influence soil organic carbon (SOC) storage and riverine organic carbon (OC) export in subtropical watersheds. This study employed the SWAT-C model to quantify SOC storage and the export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) in the Wu River Basin, Taiwan, during 2012–2017. Model calibration against observed total organic carbon (TOC) fluxes achieved robust performance (NSE > 0.7), supporting its applicability for representing watershed-scale and seasonal carbon transport in high-energy, data-scarce basins. Simulations estimated mean annual DOC and POC exports of 10.4 and 6.9 kg−1 ha−1 yr−1, respectively, with SOC stocks ranging from 155 to 294 t ha−1 (mean: 224 t ha−1), based on soil profile depths defined by the soil-layer data incorporated in the SWAT-C model. The results reveal pronounced spatiotemporal heterogeneity, with annual OC export varying by more than one order of magnitude across subbasins. Irrigated paddy fields functioned as significant carbon sinks, whereas bare land and rainfed croplands on steep slopes emerged as major POC source areas. More than 60% of annual OC export occurred during the wet season (June–September), and the peak export months (July–August) contributed over 30% of annual POC export and over 20% of annual DOC export. These results indicate that wet-season hydrological conditions strongly regulate seasonal carbon mobilization, without implying precise event-scale simulation. Overall, the findings demonstrate how hydrological routing and land-use intensity interact to modulate SOC retention and riverine OC export. This study offer a scientific basis for targeted erosion control and enhanced SOC sequestration to strengthen watershed resilience and sustainable management in subtropical monsoon regions.

31. 题目: Organic phosphorus fractions drive microbial diversity and assembly in the largest freshwater lake in northeast Asia
文章编号: N26090803
期刊: Journal of Hydrology
作者: Xinghong Liu, Zijian Xie, Bo Bo, Weiwei Wei, Chunhua Li, Chun Ye
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Phosphorus (P) is a key limiting nutrient governing lake productivity and eutrophication, yet the role of P fraction in shaping microbial community succession in large freshwater lakes remains poorly understood. Sediment bacterial and archaeal communities were investigated across vertical depth gradients in Xingkai Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Northeast Asia. which consists of two hydrologically connected sub-lakes—Daxingkai (DXKL) and Xiaoxingkai (XXKL)—that differ in area, water depth and trophic state. By integrating P sequential extraction, metagenomic sequencing and multivariate analyses, the influence of P fraction on microbial community succession was examined in these contrasting sedimentary environments. Results showed that distinct depth-dependent patterns emerged. Bacterial α-diversity decreased significantly with depth only in XXKL, while archaeal diversity exhibited a unimodal trend in DXKL. Deterministic processes dominated archaeal community assembly in DXKL, whereas stochastic processes, as inferred by the neutral community model, played a more important role in XXKL. Organic P fractions (HCl-Po or NaOH-Po) consistently emerged as the primary drivers of microbial diversity, with lake-specific shifts regulated by sediment pH: HCl-P prevailed in neutral-to-weakly alkaline DXKL, while NaOH-P dominated in weakly acidic XXKL. Structural equation modeling further revealed that organic matter and pH indirectly shaped community composition by modifying P bioavailability. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that P fraction composition fundamentally regulates microbial community assembly and vertical succession via its control over P fraction bioavailability. This study provides useful mechanistic understanding for P management and ecological restoration in large freshwater lakes facing eutrophication risks.

32. 题目: Chemical-biological suitability of biochar for peat, lime and fertilizer replacement in horticultural substrates
文章编号: N26090802
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Bart Vandecasteele, Simon Craeye, Kristof Gheysens, Peter Melis, Hanne Denaeghel, Krzysztof Kusnierek, Rianne Visser, Dries Vandamme
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Growing media in horticulture face sustainability challenges due to extensive use of non-renewable and single-use materials. Peat is an excellent bulk material but is under pressure for environmental and economic reasons. Existing peat replacements include wood fibers, coir and bark products. Potential peat replacements include biochars, composts and plant fibers, but their composition is highly variable depending on feedstock and production processes. The chemical and biological properties of biochars may therefore limit their potential use as bulk material in horticultural substrates. Insight is needed into the fit between biochar type in terms of feedstock and their use in horticulture, i.e., as peat replacement in growing media. More than 150 samples, including 75 biochar samples and more than 75 samples of peat, coir and feedstock materials to produce biochar, were scored based on eight chemical or biological characteristics. Suitability of biochars and their feedstocks for use in growing media blends was assessed using the Peat, Lime and Fertilizer replacement Index. Defining subcategories of feedstock and production process, assessed per batch, further refined the suitability assessment by reflecting the range of variability within the same type of material. Wood-based, fiber-based and bark-based biochars, organic spent growing media and straw-like plant fibers received the highest scores for the Peat, Lime and Fertilizer replacement Index, indicating high potential for use in horticultural substrates. Digestate-based or manure-based biochars and other nutrient-rich subcategories received low scores, with the inorganic C content and electrical conductivity being major bottlenecks for most nutrient-rich materials. The high acid buffering capacity of manure-based materials due to high content of inorganic C limits their application as peat replacement but indicates their potential to replace fossil lime and fertilizers when applied in a sufficiently low dose. In conclusion, different biochars should be selected according to their specific functional properties and intended role in growing media, rather than being considered interchangeable peat substitutes.

33. 题目: Temporal Amplification of Microbial Necromass Contribution to Soil Organic Carbon Under Nutrient Addition
文章编号: N26090801
期刊: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
作者: Peng Zhang, Yue Li, Chenyang Zhang, Nan Sun, Andong Cai, Minggang Xu
更新时间: 2026-09-08
摘要: Nutrient inputs can simultaneously regulate microbial necromass formation and soil organic carbon (SOC) accrual, but whether the contribution of microbial necromass to SOC changes over time under nutrient addition, and whether this temporal dependence differs among residue components remains unclear. We synthesized 303 paired observations of microbial necromass and SOC from 50 global studies to quantify the coupling between SOC responses and the responses of total necromass carbon (TNC), fungal necromass carbon (FNC), and bacterial necromass carbon (BNC), and to test how these relationships changed with experimental duration. Across nutrient input types, combined mineral and organic inputs produced the strongest responses, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilization combined with manure increasing TNC, FNC, BNC, and SOC by 42.91%, 40.86%, 51.34%, and 44.01%, respectively. Microbial necromass responses were the strongest predictors of SOC responses, yet necromass increased more rapidly than SOC, indicating that enhanced residue production did not translate proportionally into persistent SOC accrual. The contribution of BNC to SOC was comparatively time independent and was mainly regulated by nutrient type. The contribution of FNC showed a convergent trend over time and was significantly influenced by ecosystem type. In contrast, the experimental duration significantly amplified the contribution of TNC to SOC. These findings indicate that long‐term SOC sequestration is an emergent system property arising from the time‐dependent coordination of distinct stabilization pathways. Accounting for this temporal dependence can refine microbial carbon pump theory and provide a globally relevant basis for improving long‐term soil carbon sink projections and nutrient‐management strategies under global change.

34. 题目: Co-application of biochar and microalgae improves soil quality and crop performance in saline-alkali soils
文章编号: N26090713
期刊: Environmental Technology & Innovation
作者: Chao Ma, Ranran Zhou, Yiwei Shang, Yule Sun, Ai Wang, Lei Wang, Xueru Pan, Prashanth Prasanna, Tao Tang, Zhongyi Qu
更新时间: 2026-09-07
摘要: Integrating stable organic amendments with microbial biofertilizers represents a promising strategy for soil health restoration and environmental sustainability. However, the specific mechanisms by which interactions between biochar and microalgae regulate crop growth and soil quality remain insufficiently understood, particularly in saline-alkali agroecosystems. Here, we conducted a three-year field experiment (2020–2022) in saline-alkali soils of Hetao Irrigation District, Inner Mongolia, to evaluate the individual and combined effects of biochar (0 and 30 t ha−1, denoted as B0 and B3) and microalgae (0, 30 and 60 L ha−1, denoted as M0, M3 and M6) on soil quality index (SQI) and plant growth, and to elucidate the mechanisms enhancing agroecosystem sustainability. Results showed that the co-application of biochar and microalgae fertilizer significantly improved soil physical properties, nutrient contents, and microbial activity by 5.2%-26.4%, 23.3%-86.8%, and 19.2%-26.9%, respectively, ultimately increasing SQI by 119.1% relative to untreated soil. Concurrently, the combined treatment increased plant growth and biomass accumulation to a greater extent than either amendment alone, indicating a beneficial combined effects on crop performance under saline-alkali conditions. Mechanistic analyses revealed plant growth-related traits were strongly and positively associated with SQI, underscoring the central role of soil quality in shaping crop performance, with carbon accumulation emerging as an important factor associated with these improvements. In parallel, the concurrent improvements in soil quality and crop performance contributed to a 58.0% increase in soil-crop system sustainability. Overall, our findings offer a scientific basis for developing effective management strategies to restore soil quality and advance sustainable agriculture in saline-alkali ecosystems.

35. 题目: Adsorption and immobilization of antimony (Sb) in aqueous and contaminated-soil by lanthanum-manganese modified biochar
文章编号: N26090712
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Yi Li, Chijian Tang, Yu Gao, Ziang He, Fangming Yu, Rifeng Wu
更新时间: 2026-09-07
摘要: Lanthanum-manganese modified biochar (LM@PBC) was synthesized from peanut shell biochar via oxidative co-precipitation for antimony (Sb(III)/Sb(V)) adsorption in water and immobilization in soil. The material exhibited amorphous La(OH)3/Mn3O4 loading, with high surface area (176.83 m2/g) and abundant functional groups. LM@PBC showed maximum adsorption capacities of 36.68 mg/g for Sb(III) at pH 6.0 and 41.57 mg/g for Sb(V) at pH 2.0, representing 7.9- and 5.8-fold improvements over pristine biochar, respectively. Adsorption was effective across pH 2–10 and in the presence of coexisting anions. The adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo-second-order model, and isotherms were well described by both Langmuir and Freundlich models, indicating a predominantly monolayer chemisorption alongside heterogeneous multilayer adsorption. Mechanism studies revealed that Sb(V) was removed mainly through complexation with La/Mn hydroxyl groups and electrostatic attraction, whereas Sb(III) removal involved electrostatic attraction, complexation, and oxidation to Sb(V) by Mn (IV) followed by dissolution and re-adsorption. In soil, LM@PBC amendment (0.5–2.5 wt%) reduced acid-extractable Sb by 9.41–10.86% and increased residual Sb by 3.26–6.95%. Enhanced dehydrogenase (+57.9%) and catalase (+66.7%) activities indicated microbial redox processes promoted Sb transformation, while suppressed acid phosphatase (-24.91%) reduces competitive adsorption with phosphorus. The core immobilization mechanisms of Sb include complexation with surface hydroxyl groups, coprecipitation with lanthanum (oxyhydr)oxides, and Mn(IV)-driven oxidation of Sb(III) to Sb(V) with subsequent adsorption and stabilization. This work presents a synergistic “manganese oxidation-lanthanum fixation” composite effective in both aqueous and soil systems, revealing adsorption and immobilization pathways for Sb.

36. 题目: Inverse modeling and coupled analysis of soil moisture content and organic carbon in oasis areas of arid regions
文章编号: N26090711
期刊: Agricultural Water Management
作者: Zihan Zhang, Jinjie Wang, Jianli Ding, Jinming Zhang, Liya Shi, Xiangyu Ge
更新时间: 2026-09-07
摘要: Soil moisture content (SMC) and soil organic carbon (SOC) are important environmental factors influencing ecosystem stability and vegetation growth in arid regions. However, the synergistic evolution mechanisms of soil water and carbon, as well as the inversion of deep soil properties, remain insufficiently understood. This study selected the Weigan-Kuqa River Delta Oasis as the study area and integrated multi-source remote sensing data from Sentinel-1 and Landsat with field-measured samples, while combining the Bootstrap-Optimized Shrinkage (BOSS) feature selection algorithm to optimize variable combinations, Multi-layer soil water-carbon inversion models, including convolutional neural networks (CNN), long short-term memory (LSTM) networks, and CNN-LSTM, were constructed, and geographically weighted regression (GWR), bivariate Moran’s I, and coupling coordination degree models were used to analyze the spatial relationships between soil water and carbon.The results indicate that: (1) The CNN-LSTM model achieves the best performance in multi-depth inversion, with the highest accuracy at the 0–10 cm layer (SMC: R2=0.72; SOC: R2=0.74), and the accuracy gradually decreases with increasing depth; (2) Both SMC and SOC exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity, with SMC increasing and SOC decreasing with soil depth. The spatial distribution of both variables showed a pattern of “higher values in the oasis center and lower values at the edges.” (3) The soil water-carbon relationship exhibited clear vertical differences, with a significant correlation in the surface layer that gradually weakened with depth. The bivariate Moran’s I reached a maximum of 0.83, indicating strong spatial clustering between the two variables; however, the overall coupling coordination level still has room for improvement. This study provides methodological support for multi-depth remote sensing inversion of soil properties in arid regions and enhances the understanding of water-carbon interaction mechanisms in oasis ecosystems.

37. 题目: ORYZA model development for soil organic carbon dynamics and greenhouse gas emissions: Module description and sensitivity analysis
文章编号: N26090710
期刊: Agricultural Water Management
作者: Tao Li, Emmali A Manalo, Hannah W Jose, Olivyn R Angeles, Ando M Radanielson, Ligia B Azevedo
更新时间: 2026-09-07
摘要: Rice cultivation contributes substantially to global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for ~10% of anthropogenic methane (CH₄), highlighting the need for process-based mitigation tools. Existing versions of ORYZA simulate crop growth, water and nitrogen dynamics, but do not explicitly represent soil carbon and nitrogen transformation and GHG emissions, limiting their use for mitigation planning and Tier 3 inventories. In this study, ORYZA was extended with soil carbon and nitrogen biogeochemical and GHG emission module. The resulting ORYZA 3.5 version concurrently simulates rice growth, soil organic carbon and nitrogen dynamics, and CH4/N2O/CO2 emissions. Using experimental data from irrigated rice systems at IRRI (2023–2024), the model was applied to (i) evaluate crop and soil parameter effects on yield, SOC, and GHG emissions; (ii) quantify sensitivities via Adaptive Sobol’ analysis; and (iii) characterize non-linear parameter effects and interactions using Shapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). An ensemble was generated using ±25% parameter perturbations, and machine-learning surrogate models were trained to emulate model outputs. Results indicated that soil hydraulic properties exerted the strongest control on yield and biomass. Seasonal CH₄ emissions were primarily influenced by methanogenesis potential, soil bulk density, and decomposition parameters, whereas SOC dynamics were dominated by initial SOC/soil organic nitrogen (SON) stratification and crop carbon allocation. SHAP analysis revealed substatial nonlinearities and parameter interactions. Trade-off analysis showed that 22–38% of parameter combinations achieved higher yield with lower CH₄ emissions with statistically robust frequencies (SE = 0.0022–0.0026). The ORYZA v3.5 provides a basis for Tier 3 GHG estimation, carbon accounting, and climate-smart rice management.

38. 题目: Aromatic carbon from low-temperature biochar enhances bacterial phosphorus solubilization under saline-alkaline stress
文章编号: N26090709
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Ziyi Ge, Shiyun Gan, Jiayi Li, Ziyue Xu, Siyu Wang, Xu Su, Yixuan Chen, Li Lin, Song Gao, Jun Meng
更新时间: 2026-09-07
摘要: Co-applying biochar with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) holds promise for ameliorating severely degraded ecosystem productivity due to low phosphorus (P) bioavailability in saline-alkaline soils. However, their interaction on how biochar reshapes microbial metabolism function remains poorly understood. Here, low/high-temperature biochar (BC300 and BC700) were utilized to explore the possible mechanism on biochar derived carbon-driven cell's metabolic characteristics in terms of P-solubilization optimization. Specifically, BC300 at 15,000 mg/L was prominent in P-solubilization level over 37.0% of the control rather than BC700 (decreased by 21.4%). Consistent with this divergence, BC300 exhibited significantly higher DOC (108.9 vs. 21.5 mg/L) and SUVA254 values (4.3 vs. 0.9) than BC700. Metabolic-transcriptomic revealed up-regulated the PhoR/PhoB two-component system, enhancement of aromatic amino acid metabolism alongside suppressed ribosome biosynthesis and citrate cycle in BC300. Further detection on targeted LC-MS confirmed a 12.8-fold increase in extracellular maleic acid (28,571.2 ng/mL). Meanwhile, BC300 also improved stress defense supported by increase in extracellular polymeric substances and superoxide dismutase activity. Collectively, these findings suggest the pivotal role of low-temperature biochar in modulating microbial metabolic response to phosphorus deficiency under saltine-alkaline stress, which is possibly associated with aromatic-rich DOC that drives organic acid overflow and stress defense, thereby sustaining efficient P-solubilization.

39. 题目: Straw conversion to soil organic carbon: A global quantitative synthesis using isotopic tracers and machine learning
文章编号: N26090708
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Wen-Sheng Liu, Zhi-Heng Qin, En-Ze Hu, Bai-Jian Lin, Cong He, Yash Pal Dang, Yakov Kuzyakov, Pete Smith, Rattan Lal, Xin Zhao, Hai-Lin Zhang
更新时间: 2026-09-07
摘要: Soil organic carbon (SOC) sustains ecosystem productivity, soil health, and sequesters atmospheric CO2. Straw return (StrawR) effectively compensates for carbon (C) losses by SOC mineralization in croplands. Quantifying the straw-derived SOC and straw conversion efficiency (SCE; the percentage of straw C converted to SOC) enables a direct assessment of C sequestration potential. This study integrates 13C isotopic tracer data with machine learning approaches to evaluate straw-derived SOC and SCE. A random forest model was further used to identify the key environmental and management drivers controlling straw-derived SOC and SCE, and to extrapolate their spatial patterns at the global scale. Straw-derived SOC content decreased over time, primarily due to the relative accumulation of recalcitrant compounds. Such dynamics are typically mediated by changes in microbial metabolic strategies in response to shifting resource availability. Random forest analysis identified StrawR amount, straw particle size, and soil bulk density (BD) as the key drivers of straw-derived SOC content (IncMSE percentages: 42%, 20%, and 19%, respectively). High soil BD potentially reduces soil aeration and suppresses microbial metabolic capacity, reducing C sequestration. Machine learning predictions indicate a straw C residual ratio of 17 ± 3.4% after 1 year and a global average SCE of 10 ± 1.1% after 5 years of StrawR, which supports our hypothesis that initial StrawR practices elevated C sequestration potential and SCE compared with prolonged StrawR application. Assuming 100% global adoption, StrawR offers a theoretical maximum biophysical potential of 1.7 Pg C yr−1 over five years. This maximum capacity would theoretically offset 52% of agricultural CO2 emissions and 16% of total anthropogenic CO2 emissions. This study addresses critical gaps in straw conversion dynamics and updated estimates of C sequestration capacity, highlighting the contribution of StrawR as a climate change mitigation strategy.

40. 题目: Differentiating molecular fingerprints of dissolved organic nitrogen between natural soil and iron-based sorption media for stormwater treatment
文章编号: N26090707
期刊: Water Research
作者: Jinxiang Cheng, Andrea Valencia, Diana Ordonez, Amy M McKenna, Ni-Bin Chang
更新时间: 2026-09-07
摘要: Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) remains a significantly under-investigated component in the disruptive nitrogen cycle especially in different soils or specialty adsorbents that can efficiently remove inorganic nitrogen after pollution when simultaneously retaining, removing and remaking DON. The complexity of DON fate, transport, and transformation processes in low impact development infrastructure design is still a pending question for stormwater treatment. To compare different DON degradation pathways and clarify inherent complexity, we integrated paired influent–effluent column experiments with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, molecular descriptor and zonation analyses, fate-resolved reaction inference, Kendrick mass defect-based network analysis, and depth-resolved nitrogen-cycling gene profiling to examine DON transformation in natural soil, biosorption activated media (BAM), and two iron-filings-based green environmental media (IFGEM1 and IFGEM3) under three nitrate–phosphate loading conditions. Across the three nutrient-loading conditions, IFGEM1 and IFGEM3 achieved NOx-N (NO₃⁻-N + NO₂⁻-N) removal efficiencies of 98.6–99.2% and 98.9–99.9%, respectively, while their effluents showed systematic shifts in the assigned CHON formula pool. Relative to natural soil, IFGEM effluents showed lower relative contributions of condensed aromatic-like formulas and higher contributions of protein/amino sugar-like formulas, together with greater formula richness and stronger separation in molecular descriptor space, most notably for IFGEM3. Natural soil increasingly retained a lignin-rich, oxidizing–saturated DON pool as loading increased, whereas IFGEM3 promoted greater removed-to-produced turnover and concentrated newly produced DON in reducing–saturated chemical space under higher loading. Increasing N and P loading also redistributed inferred transformation portfolios: natural soil and BAM retained broader, more mixed reaction spectra, whereas IFGEM1 and IFGEM3 shifted towards more selective pathway combinations. KMD-derived formula-association networks showed broader cross-class connectivity in IFGEM3 than in natural soil, with the network edges interpreted as putative molecular linkages rather than confirmed transformations. Pre-spiking qPCR profiles showed depth-dependent differences in baseline nitrogen-cycling gene abundances. Overall, iron-based engineered media were associated with systematic restructuring of the detectable DON molecular composition across the tested nutrient-loading conditions.