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21. 题目: Identifying and filling critical knowledge gaps can optimize financial viability of blue carbon projects in tidal wetlands 文章编号: N24110312 期刊: Frontiers in Environmental Science 作者: Tim J B Carruthers, S Beaux Jones, Megan K Terrell, Jonathan F Scheibly, Brendan J Player, Valerie A Black, Justin R Ehrenwerth, Patrick D Biber, Rod M Connolly, Steve Crooks, Jason P Curole, Kelly M Darnell, Alyssa M Dausman, Allison L DeJong, Shawn M Doyle, Christopher R Esposito, Daniel A Friess, James W Fourqurean, Ioannis Y Georgiou, Gabriel D Grimsditch, Songjie He, Eva R Hillmann, Guerry O Holm, Jennifer Howard, Hoonshin Jung, Stacy D Jupiter, Erin Kiskaddon, Ken W Krauss, Paul S Lavery, Bingqing Liu, Catherine E Lovelock, Sarah K Mack, Peter I Macreadie, Karen J McGlathery, J Patrick Megonigal, Brian J Roberts, Scott Settelmyer, Lorie W Staver, Hilary J Stevens, Ariana E Sutton-Grier, Jorge A Villa, John R White, Michelle Waycott 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: One of the world’s largest “blue carbon” ecosystems, Louisiana’s tidal wetlands on the US Gulf of Mexico coast, is rapidly being lost. Louisiana’s strong legal, regulatory, and monitoring framework, developed for one of the world’s largest tidal wetland systems, provides an opportunity for a programmatic approach to blue carbon accreditation to support restoration of these ecologically and economically important tidal wetlands. Louisiana’s coastal wetlands span ∼1.4 million ha and accumulate 5.5–7.3 Tg yr−1 of blue carbon (organic carbon), ∼6%–8% of tidal marsh blue carbon accumulation globally. Louisiana has a favorable governance framework to advance blue carbon accreditation, due to centralized restoration planning, long term coastal monitoring, and strong legal and regulatory frameworks around carbon. Additional restoration efforts, planned through Louisiana’s Coastal Master Plan, over 50 years are projected to create, or avoid loss of, up to 81,000 ha of wetland. Current restoration funding, primarily from Deepwater Horizon oil spill settlements, will be fully committed by the early 2030s and additional funding sources are required. Existing accreditation methodologies have not been successfully applied to coastal Louisiana’s ecosystem restoration approaches or herbaceous tidal wetland types. Achieving financial viability for accreditation of these restoration and wetland types will require expanded application of existing blue carbon crediting methodologies. It will also require expanded approaches for predicting the future landscape without restoration, such as numerical modeling, to be validated. Additional methodologies (and/or standards) would have many common elements with those currently available but may be beneficial, depending on the goals and needs of both the state of Louisiana and potential purchasers of Louisiana tidal wetland carbon credits. This study identified twenty targeted needs that will address data and knowledge gaps to maximize financial viability of blue carbon accreditation for Louisiana’s tidal wetlands. Knowledge needs were identified in five categories: legislative and policy, accreditation methodologies and standards, soil carbon flux, methane flux, and lateral carbon flux. Due to the large spatial scale and diversity of tidal wetlands, it is expected that progress in coastal Louisiana has high potential to be generalized to similar wetland ecosystems across the northern Gulf of Mexico and globally. |
22. 题目: Understanding and estimating the role of large-scale seaweed cultivation for carbon sequestration on a global scale over the past two decades. 文章编号: N24110311 期刊: Science of the Total Environment 作者: Hongtian Luo, Jinling Li, Songguang Xie, Yufeng Yang 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Seaweeds, as marine photosynthetic organisms, are harvested by humans from the wild or through cultivation for various production purposes and to provide a range of marine ecosystem services, including nutrient removal, oxygen production, and carbon sequestration. The potential use of cultivated seaweed in mitigating carbon dioxide (CO2) has been extensively proposed in conjunction with commercial seaweed production worldwide. This study aims to assess the annual potential and benefits of cultivated seaweed in reducing and fixing anthropogenic CO2. Over the past two decades (2000-2019), global seaweed production has seen significant growth. The total output of cultivated seaweed reached 407.4 × 107 tons (t), with coastal mariculture removing 4.26 × 107 t of carbon annually and wild capture removing 2.24 × 106 t. The recalcitrant dissolved organic carbon (RDOC, 549.88-621.60 × 104 t) plays a significant role in the carbon sinks of seaweed cultivation. The substantial benefits of carbon sink resulting from the formation of RDOC from seaweed make up a considerable proportion in the calculation of carbon sequestration and sink enhancement benefits in large-scale seaweed cultivation. The sizable carbon sink base of seaweed cultivation (8631.90-9567.37 × 104 t) results in significant carbon fixation benefits. The total economic value of carbon sequestration and oxygen production was estimated at $70.36 ± 1.52 billion, with an annual average benefit of $3.52 ± 1.70 billion. Increasing the area and yield available for cultivated seaweed has the potential to enhance biomass production, carbon accumulation, and CO2 drawdown. It is crucial to emphasize the need for improved communication regarding the essential criteria for the feasibility of CO2 removal (CDR), with a focus on conducting life cycle assessments (LCA) when utilizing marine processes in the present and future work. The sustainable development of the seaweed cultivation industry not only ensures that Asian-Pacific countries remain leaders in this field but also provides an effective yet overlooked solution to excessive CO2 emissions worldwide. |
23. 题目: Adsorption - Advanced oxidation process (AAOP) for the heavy metals and organic matter removal from leachate using combined filtration -Fenton's and Photo-Fenton's treatment. 文章编号: N24110310 期刊: Journal of Environmental Management 作者: Bhaskar S, Rashmi Shree K N, Apoorva K V, Sreenivasa M Y 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Design of cost - effective filtration unit was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of different filter media made of locally available materials to treat raw leachate. Four different filter media laterites, peat, bagasse and a mixture of all were considered as study filter media for the removal of Zinc, Nickel, Copper and Lead from raw leachate. The reactor exhibited a significant removal efficiency when the three-filter media were combined as a combination. A removal rate of around 83.0% and 64.12% was found for nickel and copper, respectively, with a combined filter medium. The order of heavy metal removal varied depending on the kind of filter media used. For combined filter media, the sequence was Ni > Cu > Pb > Zn. For bagasse filter media, it was Pb > Cu > Zn > Ni. For peat filter media, it was Ni > Cu > Pb > Zn. For laterite filter media, it was Zn > Cu > Ni > Pb. Insignificant removal of heavy metals was observed with bagasse in the current investigation and hence is not recommended for use as a filter medium. Pre-treated leachate was subjected to Fenton's oxidation and UV-Fenton's oxidation for organic matter removal. Green synthesized bleached laterite iron nanoparticles were used as a catalyst in the Fenton treatment. COD removal of 80.0% and 85.0% was observed with 0.5 g/L of nano iron catalyst and 500 mg/L of H2O2 and 100 mg/L of H2O2 on Fenton's oxidation and UV-Fenton's oxidation respectively. The synthesized particles were demonstrated to possess a catalytic function in the reduction of COD. Both Fenton's oxidation and UV-Fenton's oxidation exhibit pseudo-first-order kinetics with linear regression. |
24. 题目: The interplay between external residue addition, and soil organic carbon dynamics and mineralization kinetics: Experiences from a 12-year old conservation agriculture. 文章编号: N24110309 期刊: Journal of Environmental Management 作者: Priyanka Saha, T K Das, Suman Sen, Prabhu Govindasamy, Raj Singh, Rishi Raj, Dibakar Mahanta, M C Meena, Arti Bhatia, Livleen Shukla, Abir Dey, Bappa Paramanik, Arkaprava Roy, Alekhya Gunturi, Tarun Sharma 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Maintaining soil carbon is vital under changing climate. Conservation agriculture (CA) is reported to have potential to store soil organic carbon (SOC). The impact of carbon inputs on SOC dynamics and mineralization kinetics, and the priming effect of residue addition under long-term CA in subtropical regions, however, are not clear or adequately evaluated. Therefore, we studied these under a 12-year-old CA-based pigeon pea-wheat cropping system with permanent broad bed with residue (CA-PBB), permanent flatbed with residue (CA-PFB), permanent narrow bed with residue (CA-PNB), and conventional till (CT) treatments. Also, an incubation study was undertaken to understand better the processes involved. Results showed that CA treatments significantly enhanced the total SOC compared to CT practice, and, among them, the CA-PFB exhibited highest total SOC with 36.6% and 35.8% higher values at 0-5 and 5-15 cm depths, respectively. The CA-PFB followed by CA-PBB and CA-PNB had significantly higher carbon management index and carbon retention efficiency than CT. The CA-PFB also showed higher carbon sequestration rates of 68.4 and 188.8 kg ha-1 year-1, surpassing values of 8.4 and 52.9 kg ha-1 year-1 under CT at 0-5 and 5-15 cm depth, respectively. Furthermore, soil incubation study revealed that the CA systems had higher cumulative mineralization values at 0-5 cm soil layer but lower at 5-15 cm soil compared to CT, indicating a considerable improvement in SOC at 5-15 cm soil depth. On the contrary, the SOC decay rate was higher under CA than CT, and at 35 °C than at 15 °C. A positive priming effect was also observed, depending on the substrate type, pigeon pea residue exhibiting higher priming effect than wheat residue. Thus, these studies show that residue input increases cumulative mineralization and SOC decay rate vis-à-vis helps to sequester carbon in the recalcitrant fraction, leading to higher stable carbon in soil. |
25. 题目: Effect of Low-molecular-weight Organic Acids on the Transport of Polystyrene Nanoplastics in Saturated Porous Media 文章编号: N24110308 期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials 作者: Lan Wu, Jing Yin, Wenbing Wu, Kejing Pang, Huimin Sun, Xianqiang Yin 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) are extensively present as soluble organic matter in the environment, potentially influencing the transport of polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) in soil and groundwater environments. In this study, we studied the impact of three LMWOAs (Acetic Acid (AA), Malic Acid (MA), and Citric Acid (CA)) on PSNPs migration under varied pH and Ionic Strength (IS) conditions in the saturated porous medium. The results demonstrated that the low LMWOAs concentrations (0.0001 mol L-1) promoted PSNPs migration rate, while high concentrations (0.001, 0.01 mol L-1) reduced the migration rate and increased the deposition. Due to the different relative molecular weights and number of functional groups of different LMWOAs, the order of promoting (0.0001 mol L-1) /inhibiting (0.001, 0.01 mol L-1) effects of LMWOAs on PSNPs migration rate under various physicochemical conditions in this study was AA < MA < CA. The decrease in IS and increase in pH promoted the migration of PSNPs. Electrostatic repulsion and spatial potential resistance affected PSNPs migration. This study offers theoretical support for the understanding of migration patterns and mechanisms of nanoparticles in soil-water environments. |
26. 题目: Capturing differences in the release potential of dissolved organic matter from biochar and hydrochar: Insights from component characterization and molecular identification. 文章编号: N24110307 期刊: Science of the Total Environment 作者: Rongting Ji, Yiting Yang, Yudong Wu, Changyin Zhu, Ju Min, Chenwei Liu, Longjiang Zhang, Hu Cheng, Jianming Xue, Dongmei Zhou 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Biochar and hydrochar have garnered widespread attention owing to their excellent performance in environmental remediation, carbon sequestration, and resource utilization from biowaste. Studies on the release potential of dissolved organic matter (DOM) have been limited, and the distinction between biochar and hydrochar remains unclear. In this study, pine sawdust was utilized as a model precursor with the aim of comparing the release quantity, components, and properties of DOM from biochar (BDOM) and hydrochar (HDOM) under various simulated conditions. The amount of DOM released by hydrochar (38.20-190.49 g/kg) was significantly greater than that released by biochar (0.57-11.96 g/kg), and more DOM was released at higher temperatures and pH values. BDOM consists of three categories of components, namely, humic-like, protein-like, and benzoic acid-like and tyrosine-like substances compounds, whereas HDOM consists of four categories of components, namely, two categories of humic-like compounds and two categories of protein-like compounds. By using ESI-FT-ICR-MS technology, 8586 compounds in BDOM and 6428 compounds in HDOM were identified. A total of 4665 unique compounds were found in BDOM, 1416 unique compounds were found in HDOM under alkaline release conditions, and HDOM contained more unique compounds than those found in other environments. CRAM/lignin-like compounds made up the majority of the released DOM and reached 31.01-65.35 % for BDOM and 54.79-73.05 % for HDOM. These findings revealed significant differences in the release potential of DOM from biochar and hydrochar, and further behavior research is needed to guide future applications of char materials in the environment and agriculture fields. |
27. 题目: Molecular-level insights into the leachates released from ultraviolet-aged biodegradable and conventional commercial microplastics and their mechanism of toxicity toward Chlorella pyrenoidosa. 文章编号: N24110306 期刊: Science of the Total Environment 作者: Wenbo Deng, Yajing Wang, Wenjuan Liu, Zihan Wang, Jinzhao Liu, Jian Wang 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Understanding the harmful effects of microplastics (MPs) and their derivatives is a priority in environmental study. However, the characteristics and toxic effects of leachates from MPs at the molecular-level remain unclear. Herein, two conventional commercial MPs [polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene (PE)] and two biodegradable commercial MPs [polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate/PLA (PBAT/PLA)] were subjected to leaching under ultraviolet-irradiation, and their leachates were investigated. The results showed that the surface morphology of MPs increased in roughness after ultraviolet-irradiation treatment, especially for biodegradable MPs, meanwhile, the particle size of four MPs decreased in various degrees. The biodegradable MPs released several times more dissolved organic matter (DOM) and nano-plastic particles than conventional MPs. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry revealed that lignin-like substances were the predominant component of MP-DOM, followed by protein- and tannin-like substances. The molecular composition and characteristics of the DOM varied significantly among MPs. Transcriptomic analysis showed that 737 and 1259 genes, respectively, were differentially expressed in Chlorella pyrenoidosa in PLA- and PBAT/PLA-MP leachate-treated groups compared with controls, more than in the PS (352) and PE (355) groups. These findings, verified by physiological and histopathological analyses, indicate that the leachates from the biodegradable MPs induced more damage to Chlorella pyrenoidosa than those from the conventional MPs. This is mainly attributed to far more DOM and nano-plastic particles containing in leachates of biodegradable MPs than these of conventional MPs. This study deepens our comprehension of the potential hazards of MP-leachates, and promotes the prudent use and disposal of plastic products. |
28. 题目: Bacterial necromass as the main source of organic matter in saline soils. 文章编号: N24110305 期刊: Journal of Environmental Management 作者: Jiashen Song, Hongyuan Zhang, Bahar Razavi, Fangdi Chang, Ru Yu, Xia Zhang, Jing Wang, Jie Zhou, Yuyi Li, Yakov Kuzyakov 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Soil salinity poses a major threat to crop growth, microbial activity, and organic matter accumulation in agroecosystems in arid and semiarid regions. The limitations of carbon (C) accrual due to salinity can be partly mitigated by the application of organic fertilizers. Although microorganisms are crucial for soil organic carbon (SOC) stabilization, the relationships between living and dead microbial C pools and the community features of SOC accrual in saline soils are not known. A two-year field experiment was conducted to examine the effects of organic fertilizers on the microbial regulatory mechanisms of C sequestration in saline soil (chloride-sulfate salinity). Compared to manure addition alone, manure plus commercial humic acid increased SOC stock by 11% and decreased CO2 emissions by 10%, consequently facilitated soil C sequestration. We explain these results by greater bacterial necromass formation due to the dominance of r-strategists with faster turnover rate (growth and death), as well as larger necromass stability as supported by the increased aggregate stability under the addition of humic acids with manure. Humic acids increased the abundance of bacterial phylum Proteobacteria (copiotrophs) and decreased Acidobacteria (oligotrophs) compared with straw, indicating that r-strategists outcompeted K-strategists, leading to bacterial necromass accumulation. With larger C/N ratio (88), straw increased leucine aminopeptidase to mine N-rich substrates (i.e., from necromass and soil organic matter) and consequently reduced SOC stock by 8%. The decreased salinity and increased organic C availability under straw with manure addition also led to a 13% higher CO2 flux compared with manure application alone. Thus, humic acids added with manure benefited to SOC accumulation by raising bacterial necromass C and reducing CO2 emissions. |
29. 题目: Perfluorobutanoic acid weakens the heterogeneous aggregation of microplastics and microalgae: Perspective from physicochemical properties, extracellular polymeric substances secretion and DLVO theory. 文章编号: N24110304 期刊: Science of the Total Environment 作者: Yue Li, Xiaoying Zheng, Zhilin Zhao, Wenfei Li, Yu Huang, Haidong He, Zongshuo Han, Jiaqing Tao, Tao Lin 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Microplastics (MPs) and per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances extensively coexist in aquatic environments and potentially endanger organisms. Microalgae may decrease the effective concentration of pollutants via hetero-aggregation with MPs and adsorption of emerging contaminants. However, the potential influence of coexistent pollutants on hetero-aggregation of MPs and microalgae remains unknown. This study investigated the hetero-aggregation process involving different sizes of polystyrene (PS, 3.0 and 50.0 μm) with Chlorella sorokiniana (C. sorokiniana) in the presence or absence of perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) along settling experiments, scanning electron microscope, and Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) model. We found that the hetero-aggregation between C. sorokiniana and 3 μm PS was more pronounced than with 50 μm PS, while PFBA inhibited this process. ΔOD1 values (reflected hetero-aggregation level) for 3PS-cells and 50PS-cells were 0.189 and 0.087, respectively, and PFBA decreased these values to 0.134 and 0.033. Furthermore, extracellular polymeric substances, known as inducer of hetero-aggregation, increased by 14.33 % when exposed to 3 μm PS alone, whereas the co-exposure group showed a decrease of 4.52 % compared to 3PS-cells group. PFBA also significantly decreased the protein/polysaccharide ratios in both MPs sizes, reducing hetero-aggregation. DLVO theory revealed that microalgae lowered the energy barrier significantly, while PFBA elevated it, indicating that hetero-aggregation was inhibited by PFBA. This study provides new perspectives for pollutant removal and toxicity variation in aquatic environments. |
30. 题目: Aboveground plants influence heterogeneously soil organic carbon (SOC) and its labile fractions after mixed afforestation: Three afforestation types of Masson's pine in the Upper Yangtze River, China. 文章编号: N24110303 期刊: Science of the Total Environment 作者: Yongqi Xiang, Jingjie Yang, Zhongxuan Huang, Xin Zhang, Haotian Duan, Anwei Yu, Huiqin Yang, Chuan Fan, Gang Chen, Xianwei Li 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Mixed forests generally have a higher carbon sequestration potential than pure forests. However, the effects of different types of mixed afforestation on soil organic carbon (SOC) and its labile fractions still remain controversial. We examined the concentrations of each SOC labile fraction at 0-50 cm soil depth, understory plant communities, stand plant biomass and studied their integrated effects on soil carbon stocks in three types of Pinus massoniana afforestation: a monoculture (MPF), a mixed forest with Cunninghamia lanceolata (MCLMF), and a mixed forest with Liquidambar formosana (MLMF). The results showed that the SOC stocks, i.e., concentrations of SOC and its labile fractions, across soil depths in all three afforestation types decreased with soil depth and ranked in the following order: MCLMF > MPF > MLMF. The concentrations of SOC and its labile fractions displayed a significant positive correlation with the diversity and biomass of understory plants and a significant negative correlation with tree biomass. The MCLMF had the largest SOC stocks (83.45 ± 7.59 Mg ha-1) and the smallest aboveground plant biomass carbon stocks (85.2 ± 4.07 Mg ha-1), while those of the MLMF were the opposite (SOC stocks, 35.63 ± 4.47 Mg ha-1; plant biomass carbon stocks, 144.28 ± 1.19 Mg ha-1). The forest carbon stocks (comprising both SOC and plant biomass carbon pools) were ranked as MLMF > MCLMF > MPF. Our results revealed that the diversity and biomass of understory plants can improve the stocks of SOC and its labile fractions, whereas trees may weaken the role of understory plants. In this sense, the diversity and biomass of understory plants should be emphasized in the process of mixed afforestation, especially mixed broadleaf-conifer afforestation, to increase SOC sequestration. |
31. 题目: Controlling iron release and pathogenic bacterial growth in distribution pipes through nanofiltration followed by different disinfection methods 文章编号: N24110302 期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials 作者: Xinyuan Yang, Xiurong Ju, Haibo Wang, Xiao Mi, Baoyou Shi 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: There is increasing concern about discoloration problems and microbial risks in drinking water. Until recently, how to control iron release and pathogenic bacterial growth in distribution pipes has been a knowledge gap. In our study, nanofiltration removed 13.3% of lignins, 33.1% of tannins and 17.7% of proteins from dissolved organic matter (DOM). These DOM components were closely related to enzymes involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. Therefore, nanofiltration followed by chlorine or chloramine disinfection inhibited the TCA cycle and induced lower adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production, resulting in reduced pathogenic bacterial growth. The number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased to 7.43×105 and 2.43×105 gene copies/mL, respectively. Moreover, lower DOM concentrations increased the abundance of iron-reducing bacteria (IRBs) in the biofilm. IRBs can convert Fe(III) into Fe(II) through cellular c-type cytochromes, including CymA, MtrA, Cytc3, MacA, PpcA, and OcmB. The higher abundance of IRB and their cytochromes led to more Fe3O4 formation on the surface of the distribution pipes, resulting in lower iron release. The total iron concentration was 16.9 μg/L in the effluent of pipes treated with nanofiltration and chloramine disinfection. Therefore, nanofiltration followed by different disinfection methods, especially chloramine disinfection, effectively controlled iron release and pathogenic bacterial growth in distribution pipes. This study strongly contributes to maintaining the drinking water quality in distribution pipes. |
32. 题目: Simulated N deposition enhances recalcitrant POM occlusion in microaggregates within macroaggregates 文章编号: N24110301 期刊: Plant and Soil 作者: Yue Feng, Wei Chen, Shijie Han 更新时间: 2024-11-03 摘要: Background and aimsIncreased N availability transforms labile soil organic carbon (SOC) to recalcitrant SOC in N-limited forest soils under atmospheric N deposition. However, N-induced variation in SOC stability within aggregates is rarely studied. Thus, the mechanism of SOC sequestration in aggregates under N deposition was studied. MethodsSoils from N-amended and adjacent forest fields were sampled and separated into macroaggregates, free microaggregates and silt and clay (SC) fractions. The microaggregates (mM), coarse particulate organic matter (cPOM), fine particulate organic matter (fPOM-mM and fPOM-m) and SC fractions (SC-M, SC-mM and SC-m) occluded in aggregates were further separated. Their fraction masses, carbon concentrations and lignin indexes were determined. ResultsThe fraction masses of 1–2 mm macroaggregates, mM, SC-M, fPOM-mM and SC-mM increased with fragmentation of 2–8 mm macroaggregates under N addition. The carbon contents in mM, SC-M and SC-mM also increased with increasing mass. Nitrogen addition caused distinct lignin loss in the occluded SC fractions. Lignin oxidation occurred in mM, cPOM, fPOM-m and fPOM-mM, while mM and cPOM exhibited increased lignin/N ratios under N enrichment. The results indicate that N deposition facilitated preservation of recalcitrant fPOM rather than carbon-rich particles in mM. The N-induced increase in mM proportion in macroaggregates and carbon stability of fPOM in mM contributed to SOC sequestration in the studied fields. ConclusionThe quantitative and qualitative changes in mM and fPOM within macroaggregates may predict the positive response of SOC sequestration in the 300-year-old forest to long-term atmospheric N deposition in the future. |
33. 题目: Spectral characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the middle reaches of the Huai River in a dry season 文章编号: N24110110 期刊: Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 作者: Han Song, Liangmin Gao, Jing Xu, Limei Zhu, Xin Shu, Jieyu Xia, Kai Zhang, Lin Wu 更新时间: 2024-11-01 摘要: The present study aims to investigate the characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the Huai River in the winter dry season using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy (UV-vis), three-dimensional fluorescence excitation–emission matrix spectroscopy-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), and liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection (LC-OCD). The PARAFAC model results revealed three DOM chemical components, namely: UV-type humic substances (C1), humic acid-like substances (C2), and protein-like substances (C3). However, humic substance components (C1 + C2) were the major fluorescent DOM components, accounting for 61.88 ± 6.45%. In this study, the reduced external inputs in the winter dry season resulted in a significantly higher fluorescence intensity of the C3 component than that of C2 (P < 0.01). On the other hand, the LC-OCD results indicated significant differences (P < 0.01) between different water body types of the Huai River due to the strong influences of human activities and sewage discharge. The polysaccharide, humic substance, low molecular acid, and nitrogenous compound concentrations in the river water exhibited decreasing trends from upstream to downstream of the river. In contrast, the concentrations of amino acid derivatives exhibited a significant increasing trend from upstream to downstream of the river. The concentrations of nitrogenous compounds were accumulated in the confluence zone of the river tributaries and mainstream. The DOM concentrations in the river water were influenced by multiple factors. However, the decrease in the concentrations of proteins and polysaccharides enhanced the autochthonous process in the river water body, gradually increasing the concentrations of humic substances. |
34. 题目: Facet-induced Fractionation of Humic Acid by Hematite and the Promoted-photodegradation of 17β-estradiol Catalyzed by Hematite-Humic Complex 文章编号: N24110109 期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials 作者: Ziyan Zhou, Hao Wu, Boming Fu, Dingding Wu, Xinhao Wang, Davide. Vione, Xin Jin, Yanfen Fang, Cheng Gu 更新时间: 2024-11-01 摘要: Hematite is a ubiquitous mineral with different dominant facets in the environment, which could adsorb humic acids (HA) to form photoactive hematite-HA complex. In this study, we prepared hematite nanocubes (HNC), hematite nanoplates (HNP) and hematite nanorhombs (HNR) with dominant facets as {012}, {001} and {104}, respectively. The abilities of the three hematites to adsorb and fractionate HA were compared. Our results indicated that the components with low molecular weight, high aromaticity and more oxygenated functional groups of HA were preferentially adsorbed. The fractionation degree followed the order of HNP > HNR >HNC, attributing to the coordination ability of different hematites. After hematite formed complexes with HA, it could promote the photodegradation of 17β-estradiol under visible light. The photoactivities of the three hematite-HA complexes were also compared. Since HNP adsorbed the most photochemically active HA components, HNP-HA showed the strongest enhancement for the degradation of 17β-estradiol. During the photodegradation process, the excited triplet state of HA (3HA*) and superoxide radical (O2•−) were identified as the dominant reactive species. Our results provide new insights into the role of hematite facets towards adsorption and fractionation of HA and photodegradation of co-existing contaminants, which would improve the understanding of the fate of pollutants in the presence of hematite and HA. Environmental implication17β-estradiol, commonly found in the natural environment, is a strong estrogenic hormone that affects reproduction in female organisms. Hematite has been reported to exist with different dominant facets that would demonstrate different preference to the components of HA which is known as fractionation effect. Also, HA possess high photoactivity, which is enhanced by the adsorption of hematites. In this study, we found the role of hematite facets towards adsorption and fractionation of HA and photodegradation of co-existing contaminants, which would improve the understanding for the fate of pollutants in the presence of hematite and HA. |
35. 题目: Insight into Redox Sites and Intermolecular Interactions of Soil Dissolved Organic Matter through Diverse-Compost Applications Using VSOMM2 and Schrödinger 文章编号: N24110108 期刊: ACS ES&T Engineering 作者: Xinyu Zhao, Beidou Xi, Yan Wang, Qiuling Dang, Zebin Tian, Danmei Cai, Yun Lu 更新时间: 2024-11-01 摘要: Substituting chemical fertilizers with compost is anticipated to facilitate the disposal of organic waste and mitigate nonpoint source pollution. However, research investigating the impact of diverse-compost utilization on the chemical reactivity of soil at the molecular-level remains lacking. Herein, the quantification and identification of molecular-scale redox sites and intermolecular interactions of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) using diverse composts during a crop rotation cycle were investigated using the unified theoretical modeling approach VSOMM2 and Schrödinger. Results showed that compost use considerably altered the molecular weight and composition of soil DOM. In particular, we successfully optimized the validity coefficient of the unit model’s molecular number to construct 38 molecular models of DOM molecules to identify and quantify the distribution of redox sites and intermolecular interactions within soil DOM molecules. Moreover, the distinct roles of different composts in modulating redox molecules within the soil DOM were determined during a crop rotation cycle. The application of cow manure compost considerably increased the quinone, Ar–COOH, and Ar–SH contents in Model(EAC+), while application of food waste compost enhanced the Ar–OH and Ar–NH2 in Model(EDC+). Finally, rotatable bonds, cation−π interactions, aromatic H-bonds, π-stacking, and salt bridges were identified to facilitate electron transfer within the redox molecules of soil DOM, which can be further enhanced via compost use. The findings of this study provide insights into the environmental biochemical reactions involving microcatalysts, metal reduction fate, pollution fate, and molecular composition of soil, providing a theoretical basis for enhancing soil reactivity using organic fertilizers instead of chemical fertilizers. |
36. 题目: Co-pyrolyzed biochar derived from microplastics and microalgae as peroxymonosulfate activator: influence of microplastic types and analysis of systemic causes 文章编号: N24110107 期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 作者: Lei Qin, Shixian Qian, Xuerong Zhou, Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Cui Lai, Dengsheng Ma, Xiuqin Huo, Lei Wu, Wangwang Tang 更新时间: 2024-11-01 摘要: This work investigated the catalytic activity of co-pyrolyzed biochar (MP-SBC) from microplastic (MP) and Spirulina biomass and its activation mechanism for peroxymonosulfate (PMS). Given that different types of MPs had varied effects on the properties of biochar, polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polystyrene (PS), and polylactic acid (PLA) were chosen as MP feedstocks. The results showed that the four kinds of MP-SBCs activated PMS more efficiently than the pristine algal-based biochar (SBC), with 100% of the acetaminophen (ACT) degraded within 20 min. Based on the reaction mechanism analysis, the main pathways for the degradation of ACT by SBC and MP-SBC activated PMS were both non-radical pathways, and ACT was also efficiently degraded by the synergistic effect of 1O2 and electron transport pathway (ETP). Moreover, it was found that the microplastic modification could significantly enhance the efficacy of SBCs in triggering the non-radical pathway. Establishing the correlation between the structural features of BC and the degradation mechanism (active species contribution) revealed that the persistent free radicals (PFRs), defective structures, C=O, and graphite N are all potential active sites. Thereinto, PFRs are the active sites for radicals, defects are the active sites for 1O2 production, and C=O, defects, and graphitic N are the active sites for ETP. Overall, this work provides an innovative approach for designing efficient biochar-based catalysts for environmental remediation. |
37. 题目: Magnetic Sludge-Derived Biochar for Cu (II) Removal: RSM-Based Preparation and BP Artificial Neural Network Adsorption Modeling 文章编号: N24110106 期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 作者: Yunfan Bai, Danyang Lei, Lin Li, Chuhua Qi, Yongxing Lv, Qilin Guo, Zhixian He, Shuangli Chen, Sijing Zhang 更新时间: 2024-11-01 摘要: Magnetic sludge-derived biochar (MSDB) was synthesized using response surface methodology (RSM) optimization, with sludge as the raw material and sodium pyrophosphate as the modifier. The structure and surface properties of MSDB were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. These analyses revealed that MSDB is rich in functional groups and exhibits magnetic properties, facilitating the adsorption of Cu(II) via complexation and easy separation of MSDB through magnetic means. Batch adsorption experiments showed that under conditions of 25 °C and pH 3.0, with an MSDB dosage of 0.75 g L-1, a Cu(II) removal efficiency of 95.67% was achieved. Thermodynamic studies demonstrated maximum adsorption capacities of 173.69 mg g-1 at 25 °C, 183.26 mg g-1 at 35 °C, and 197.96 mg g-1 at 45 °C. Additionally, the BP neural network model showed a high coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9396) and a low mean squared error (MSE = 0.0268) in simulating the MSDB-Cu(II) adsorption process, confirming the robustness of the model in both data simulation and predictive accuracy. This method offers a promising approach for kinetic modeling and predicting adsorption behavior in related fields of study. |
38. 题目: Increased microbial carbon use efficiency and turnover rate drive soil organic carbon storage in old-aged forest on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau 文章编号: N24110105 期刊: Biology and Fertility of Soils 作者: Shenglan Ma, Wanze Zhu, Wenwu Wang, Xia Li, Zheliang Sheng, Wolfgang Wanek 更新时间: 2024-11-01 摘要: It is widely accepted that old-aged forest can accumulate soil organic carbon (SOC). How microbial physiological traits respond to forest age and whether they drive SOC sequestration in old-aged forest remain elusive. Therefore, we compared the microbial C use efficiency (CUE), biomass turnover rate (rB), microbial biomass C (MBC) and necromass C (MNC) across soil profiles from middle and old-aged forest and evaluated how these microbial traits are related to SOC storage. The results revealed that both forests could accumulate SOC and old-aged forest supported higher SOC storage than middle-aged forest from 2005 to 2020. Moreover, SOC was concentrated on the surface soils of middle-aged forest, whereas it was more distributed across the deeper soil profile in old-aged forest. Compared with middle-aged forest, the O, A and B soil layers of old-aged forest presented increases in microbial CUE (17.8%, 36.9% and 25.0%, respectively), rB (43.7%, 39.7% and 10.8%, respectively), MBC (114.8%, 81.1% and 122.9%, respectively), and MNC content (47.0%, 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively). Random forest analysis suggested that SOC accumulation is controlled mainly by microbial physiological traits rather than other factors including environmental variables. Specifically, microbial CUE and turnover rates increased in old-aged forest, resulting in higher MBC and MNC contents, which in turn led to SOC accumulation. Moreover, the effects of plant and soil properties on SOC storage are regulated mainly by microbial-physiological parameters and the size of microbial C pools. Our findings provide valuable insights into the microbial mechanisms underlying SOC storage in old-aged forest. |
39. 题目: Mobility of biochar-derived dissolved organic matters and their effects on sulfamerazine transport through saturated soil porous media 文章编号: N24110104 期刊: Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts 作者: Mengya Liu, Xiaochen Liu, Yalu Hu, Qiang Zhang, Usman Farooq, Zhichong Qi, Taotao Lu 更新时间: 2024-11-01 摘要: Dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from biochar may impact antibiotics mobility and environmental fate in subsurface environments. Here, DOM derived from biochars (BDOMs) generated by pyrolyzing corn straw at 300, 450, and 600 °C were employed to elucidate the mobility characteristics of these organic substances and their influences on the transport of sulfamerazine (SMZ, a typical sulfonamide antibiotic) in soil porous media. The results demonstrated that BDOMs produced at a lower pyrolysis temperature exhibited greater mobility owing to the weaker hydrophobic and H-bonding interactions between BDOMs and soil particles. Additionally and importantly, BDOMs facilitated the promotion of SMZ mobility owing to the increased electrostatic repulsion between SMZ– forms and soil grains, the steric hindrance effect induced by the deposition of organic matters, and the competitive retention between SMZ molecules and BDOMs. Meanwhile, the promotion effects of BDOMs enhanced with improving pyrolysis temperature owing to the promoted deposition of organic matter on soil surfaces and the strengthened electrostatic repulsion. Moreover, the facilitated effects of BDOMs on SMZ mobility declined as the solution pH values were raised from 5.0 to 9.0 or the flow rate increased from 0.18 to 0.51 cm/min. This trend was due to decreased deposition competition and the steric effect caused by decreased retention of BDOMs on soil particles. Furthermore, the cation-bridging effect emerged as an important mechanism contributing to the promotion effects of BDOMs when the solution contained divalent cations (Cu2+ or Ca2+). Moreover, the two-site non-equilibrium model was performed to interpret the controlling mechanisms for the effects of BDOMs on the transport of SMZ. Findings from this work highlight that biochar-derived dissolved organic matter can remarkably affect the environmental behaviors of antibiotics in aquatic environments. |
40. 题目: Fe Oxide Modification of Yerba Mate Waste-Derived Biochar and activated biochar via three methodologies: effects of material surface properties on the Fe oxides grown and implications for Paracetamol and Atenolol Sorption 文章编号: N24110103 期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production 作者: F C Urruchua, M A Fernández, M E de Sousa, M Jaworski, P Mendoza Zelis, M E Zelaya-Soulé, S Song, M L Montes 更新时间: 2024-11-01 摘要: This work presents, for the first time, the development of magnetic composites using activated biochar (BC-Act) derived from yerba mate waste. It includes an analysis of the effect of the activation process on the formation of iron oxides using the most applied methodologies, an aspect that has not been studied before. Three methodologies have been considered for Fe oxides grown: coprecipitation (COP), impregnation-pyrolysis (IP), and alkaline oxidation in the presence of nitrates (AOPN). The materials with magnetic response and good enough BET area have been used to sorb Paracetamol (PCT) and Atenolol (ATE) from aqueous solutions. The activation process has resulted in the formation of mesopores, an increase of surface area due to the destruction/release of impurities, the transformation of whewellite to calcite, and changes in magnetic behavior. These changes seem to affect the formation of Fe oxides. The COP and IP methods allow the development of magnetic composites based on BC-Act, BC-Act-COP and BC-Act-IP, with saturation magnetization of 3.1 Am2/kg and 1.5 Am2/kg, respectively, attributed to magnetite/maghemite formation and a minimal distance for manipulation by a magnetic field of 12.1 mm and 7.9 mm, respectively. These distances must be considered when developing efficient removal systems using magnetic composites. PCT was sorbed faster and more efficiently than ATE, associated with its smaller molecular size. This presents a valuable contribution to environmental sustainability and advancements in water purification, highlighting the dual advantage of converting the widely available waste product, predominantly found in South America, into an effective sorbent with magnetic characteristics, capable of removing pharmaceutical contaminants from aqueous solutions. This is done in the circular economy, avoiding the final deposition of yerba mate waste in landfills, increasing their lifespan, and safeguarding other natural and non-renewable resources, such as clays, whose preservation rather than exploitation improves environmental quality and saves energy. |
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