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21. 题目: Hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater impacted by acid mine drainage: Seasonal evolution of dissolved organic matter and heavy metals
文章编号: N26020803
期刊: Applied Geochemistry
作者: Zehao Qiu, Yu Liu, Xianming Xie, Song Wang, Lezhang Wei, Tangfu Xiao, Oxana Erina
更新时间: 2026-02-08
摘要: Acid mine drainage (AMD) that occurs during the mining process of mineral resources presents a significant threat to both the natural environment and human health. This study focuses on the AMD-affected groundwater system from the Dabaoshan mining area in Guangdong Province, South China, and the hydrogeochemical evolution, seasonal variations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and heavy metals, and the corresponding interaction mechanism are systematically investigated. A variety of methods are used for further study, including hotspot maps, principal component analysis, self-organizing maps and structural equation models. There exists a spatial and temporal coupling relationship between Fe and certain DOM components. With the exception of one well (G1), pH increased from the rainy to dry seasons at all sampling sites. The proportions of various fractions of DOM demonstrated considerable variation between the rainy and dry seasons. During the rainy season, the concentration of high-excitation tyrosine in groundwater is very low. Tryptophan-like compounds were not identified in DOM during the dry season. Fulvic acid and low excitation tyrosine were strongly correlated, whereas tryptophan-like and high excitation tyrosine were significantly related. The heavy metal content and pH varied according to the distribution of sampling site wells (distance from the mine). Moreover, DOM has a significant effect on heavy metal mobility via complexation. Seasonal factors significantly influence DOM in groundwater, thus affecting its interaction with heavy metals. This research offers a scientific basis for developing accurate and impactful strategies for pollution prevention and control for groundwater systems impacted by AMD.

22. 题目: Boosting soil carbon and nitrogen stocks by increasing soil test phosphorus
文章编号: N26020802
期刊: Journal of Environmental Quality
作者: Andria Paula Lima, Luke Gatiboni, Dionata Filippi, Tales Tiecher
更新时间: 2026-02-08
摘要: The phosphorus (P) availability's role in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) accumulation in long‐term systems remains unclear. This study evaluated the P fertilization's influence on C and N storage, C:N ratio, humic matter, and the C:clay ratio in two long‐term corn ( Zea mays L.)/soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] rotation trials under conservation tillage in North Carolina. Soil samples were collected at 0–5, 5–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm. A linear‐plateau model evaluated the effect of soil test phosphorus (STP), from long‐term fertilization, on C and N stocks at 0–10, 0–20, and 0–30 cm. Both sites exhibited depth‐based STP gradients, although P rates significantly affected C stocks only in the 0–10 cm layer at Tidewater. P availability influenced C stocks at both sites, with greater P content and a higher critical soil test phosphorus value (CSTV) in Tidewater. CSTVs derived from C and N stocks were strongly correlated with those based on relative crop yield ( R 2 = 0.99). On average, the sandy soil at Tidewater accumulated more C than the clayey soil at Piedmont, reflecting differences in C stabilization. Maintaining soil test phosphorus near the CSTV increased C stocks by 2.1–2.7 Mg ha − 1 and N stocks by 0.2–0.3 Mg ha − 1 across the evaluated depths, contributing to improved soil fertility and agroecosystem resilience. Piedmont soils, despite lower total C stocks, showed greater C storage potential due to higher clay content, reinforcing the need for site‐specific P management adapted to soil texture and C stabilization capacity.

23. 题目: A chitosan-modified buckwheat hull biochar dynamic adsorption column as a sustainable and efficient technology for lead-acid battery wastewater treatment
文章编号: N26020801
期刊: Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology
作者: Jiayu Zhao, Qian Luo, Wenlong Zhao, Cong Li, Junyang Xiao, Junfeng Li, Xuemei Zhu
更新时间: 2026-02-08
摘要: The treatment of lead-contaminated wastewater, particularly at low concentrations, remains a significant challenge. This study presents a novel dynamic adsorption process using a chitosan–buckwheat hull biochar composite (KQB) for efficient Pb²⁺ removal. Comprehensive characterization using SEM-EDS, FTIR, BET, XRD, and XPS was conducted to verify the successful modification and favorable physicochemical properties of the composite. By employing the response surface methodology based on the Box–Behnken design (RSM-BBD), critical parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, and adsorption time were optimized to achieve a removal efficiency of 95.31%, resulting in a residual Pb²⁺ concentration of ∼0.23 mg L⁻¹, which complies with the standard discharge limit. The adsorption kinetics and equilibrium data were best described by the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model and the Langmuir isotherm model, respectively, indicating a monolayer chemisorption process. Furthermore, XPS analysis confirmed that the primary removal mechanisms involve ion exchange and surface complexation with amino and hydroxyl groups. KQB outperforms conventional coagulation methods, demonstrating higher removal rates and a significantly reduced effluent pollution index (P_i = 0.56 vs. 1.72 for coagulation), coupled with lower operational costs. Furthermore, the composite exhibited excellent stability and reusability over 5 regeneration cycles. This dynamic adsorption process offers a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional methods, with potential applications in wastewater treatment and broader environmental remediation.

24. 题目: Surface engineering of aluminum-coated açaí biochar via magnetron sputtering for high clorazepate and diclofenac adsorption
文章编号: N26020712
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Ronaldo Antunes Funari Junior, Sabrina Frantz Lütke, Jonder Morais, Maria do Carmo Martins Alves, Marcos Leandro Silva Oliveira, Eduardo Nuno Borges Pereira, Lucas Antônio Fantinel, Lucas David Biondo, Marcelo Godinho, Cesar Aguzzoli, Guilherme Luiz Dotto
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: This study evaluates the surface modification of açaí biochar (Al@BC) by aluminum coating via magnetron sputtering, aiming to improve its adsorption performance of clorazepate (CZ) and diclofenac (DC) from aqueous solutions. Sputtering power conditions of 100 W, 150 W, and 200 W were applied, obtaining, respectively, 0.22%, 0.40%, and 3.41% of Al-covering for the adsorbents named Al@100 W, Al@150 W, and Al@200 W. Kinetic analyses fitted to the pseudo-first-order model showed excellent agreement with the experimental data, with better predictive accuracy, particularly for DC. Adsorption equilibrium was achieved at 120 min for CZ and 60 min for DC. Equilibrium isotherms exhibited L2-type profile, suggesting strong adsorbate–adsorbent affinity. The Sips model best described the equilibrium data, evidencing a heterogeneous adsorption process promoted by aluminum deposition. Decreasing Sips ($m$$m$) parameters with increasing sputtering power reflected enhanced surface heterogeneity and adsorption favorability. The maximum adsorption capacities reached were 260.7 mg g⁻¹ for CZ and 277.5 mg g⁻¹ for DC onto Al@200 W, representing an improvement of about 35% compared to raw biochar. Regeneration tests showed excellent reusability through the first five cycles; thereafter, coating deterioration greatly diminished the material's efficacy. Finally, magnetron sputtering proved to be an effective strategy, confirming that adsorption efficiency was governed by both aluminum loading and surface chemical modification, thereby enhancing adsorption capacity, affinity, and durability toward pharmaceutical contaminants.

25. 题目: Habitat Affinity of Riverine Dissolved Organic Matter Linked to Molecular Traits
文章编号: N26020711
期刊: Global Change Biology
作者: Yifan Cui, Ang Hu, James C Stegen, Jianjun Wang
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: Fluxes of organic matter across Earth habitats shape ecosystem function and carbon storage. Yet, it is challenging to predict how the molecules are preferentially accumulated in specific habitats, that is, the habitat affinities, due to their diverse characteristics. Here, we develop an indicator of compositional-level habitat affinity for dissolved organic matter (DOM) by quantifying the aggregated affinities of individual molecules that are over- or under-represented relative to a reference habitat. Applying this indicator to 93 paired riverine water-sediment sites, we find that 65.1% of molecules show non-significant habitat affinities for water or sediment and are thermodynamically favorable and susceptible to microbial degradation. Consistently, the habitat affinities of DOM assemblages decrease with lower molecular weights and recalcitrance for waters, and with higher thermodynamic favorability for sediments. These affinities are both reduced by elevated temperatures and anthropogenic pressures, such as nitrogen loading and land-use change. Our projection of habitat affinities of global riverine DOM shows that regions with intense anthropogenic disturbances or warm climates, such as East Asia, Western Europe, and the Amazon, tend to exhibit lower affinities. These findings suggest enhanced molecular homogenization between water and sediment habitats is associated with environmental changes and underscore the importance of habitat affinities for predicting the potential trajectories of organic carbon across ecosystems.

26. 题目: Comparability of Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Dissolved Organic Matter across Laboratories
文章编号: N26020710
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Jarmo-Charles Kalinski, Bruno Ruiz Brandão da Costa, Tilman Schramm, Lance R Buckett, Laura T Carlson, Nicole R Coffey, Tito Damiani, Elias Dechent, Yasin El Abiead, Steffen Heuckeroth, Elaine K Jennings, Jan Kaesler, Naomi L Stock, Alice M Orme, Ralph R Torres, Sara Trojahn, Helen L Whelton, Yingfei Yan, Allegra T Aron, Rene M Boiteau, Ian D Bull, Pieter C Dorrestein, Duc Huy Dang, Richard P Evershed, Marta Gledhill, Gerd Gleixner, Andreas F Haas, Martin Hansen, Tilmann Harder, Ellen C Hopmans, Anitra E Ingalls, Uwe Karst, William Kew, Melissa Kido Soule, Boris P Koch, Elizabeth B Kujawinski, Oliver J Lechtenfeld, Krista Longnecker, Tomáš Pluskal, Georg Pohnert, Zachary C Redman, Albert Rivas-Ubach, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Gabriel Singer, Jan Tebben, Patrick L Tomco, Nicholas D Ward, Lihini I Aluwihare, Carsten Simon, Jeffrey Hawkes, Daniel Petras
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: Non-targeted liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) is increasingly applied for the structure-resolved chemical analysis of dissolved organic matter (DOM). With new developments in MS instrumentation and analysis software, the approach has gained substantial momentum over the past decade. However, achieving high-quality analytical data that is reproducible and comparable across laboratories can be a bottleneck in non-targeted metabolomics and organic matter chemical analysis, especially for data reuse in repository-scale analyses. Understanding the capabilities as well as challenges of comparing LC–MS/MS data from different laboratories is necessary for inferring global trends from public data sets. To illuminate instrumentation factors that drive differences and variability, we used a standardized data analysis pipeline, including classical (CMN) and feature-based molecular networking (FBMN), to analyze data from a ring trial by 24 laboratories on identical sample sets of algal and DOM extracts that were mixed in predefined concentrations and spiked with standards. Our results showed that data sets from similar mass spectrometer types with unified instrument parameters were qualitatively comparable, resolving the same general trends and shared mass spectral features. Interlaboratory comparability was best for high-intensity features, while low-intensity features showed greater detection variability. Our analysis also highlights challenges when comparing data from instruments with different acquisition rates or operating with less standardized methods. Lastly, we provide recommendations for data integration, public data sharing, standardization, and best practices for standardized LC–MS/MS data acquisition, which will be critical for long-term time series and intercomparability of DOM chemical analyses.

27. 题目: Global Quantification of Black Carbon in Seasonal Snow: A Physically and Observationally Constrained Machine-Learning Framework
文章编号: N26020709
期刊: Environmental Science & Technology
作者: Yang Chen, Shirui Yan, Yaliang Hou, Yongxiang Lin, Kexin Liu, Dingfan Cao, Yuxuan Xing, Daizhou Zhang, Wei Pu, Xin Wang
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: Black carbon in seasonal snow (BCS) critically influences the Earth system by reducing surface albedo (snow darkening), perturbing radiative balance, and accelerating snowmelt. However, its climatic and hydrological impacts remain poorly quantified because high-quality data sets are scarce. This study introduces a novel Dual Random Forest (DRF) framework that synergistically constrains BCS concentration estimates through both physical mechanisms and observational fidelity. By pretraining with six spatiotemporally complete Earth System Model (ESM) simulations, driven by multisource reanalysis data, and fine-tuning against global field observations, the DRF generates a 44-year (1981–2024) global monthly BCS data set at 0.5° × 0.625° resolution. This data set achieves higher accuracy in BCS patterns and concentrations compared with observations (spatial correlation R = 0.92; normalized mean error NME = 31%), outperforming both single-constrained machine learning approaches (ESM- or observation-only) and traditional methods (CMIP5, CMIP6, and MODIS; R = 0.07–0.82, NME = 51%–1951%). It also excels in capturing seasonal variations and long-term annual trends, better reproducing increasing trends driven by anthropogenic forcing and decadal variability modulated by natural climate variability. This data set is hence valuable for robust quantification of BCS-induced radiative forcing and attribution of snowmelt acceleration to snow darkening versus climate warming on a global scale.

28. 题目: Microbial growth rate is a stronger predictor of soil organic carbon than carbon use efficiency
文章编号: N26020708
期刊: Nature Ecology & Evolution
作者: Xianjin He, Gaëlle Marmasse, Junxi Hu, Rebecca M Varney, Stefano Manzoni, Philippe Ciais, Ying-Ping Wang, Yongxing Cui, Edith Bai, Rose Z Abramoff, Elsa Abs, Erik Schwarz, Haicheng Zhang, Daniel S Goll
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: The extent to which microbial processes control soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics remains uncertain. Carbon use efficiency (CUE), that is, the fraction of assimilated carbon allocated to growth, has been used as a key parameter but its relationship with SOC reflects carbon partitioning rather than the absolute magnitude of microbial fluxes. The microbial growth rate could provide a more mechanistic link to SOC accumulation because it quantifies biomass production and reflects necromass formation. Here we combine a global ¹⁸O–H2O dataset (n = 268 paired observations) with outputs from four land surface models to test whether growth rate predicts SOC more strongly than CUE. In the incubation experiments, growth rates are more closely associated with SOC than CUE, although soil properties and climate explain equal or greater variance. Models reproduce the stronger role of growth rate over CUE but tend to underestimate the abiotic controls. The models also emphasize CUE as the main predictor of the SOC-to-net primary production ratio, in contrast to observations, which indicates the soil’s capacity to retain plant carbon inputs. Together, these findings identify the microbial growth rate as a diagnostic that can help bridge models with empirical data and guide a more balanced representation of microbial and mineral controls in SOC projections.

29. 题目: Increasing CO2 and CH4 emissions from constructed wetlands under composite pollution of microplastics and perfluorooctanoic acid: altering the interactions between dissolved organic matter and the functional microbiome
文章编号: N26020707
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Yun Zhou, Mingwei Li, Shengkun Yang, Deshou Cun, Shengjiong Deng, Erik Jeppesen, Junjun Chang
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: Microplastics (MPs) and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are two types of ubiquitous emerging contaminants which enter constructed wetlands (CWs) along with polluted water and pose a great threat to the ecological functions of CWs. We investigated the effects of composite pollution of MPs (polylactic acid (PLA) and polyethylene (PE)) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) on carbon (CO₂ and CH₄) emissions from CWs and the related mechanisms through microcosm experiments. The individual MPs or PFOA pollution increased CO₂ and CH₄ emissions from CWs, and a great amplification effect was observed under composite pollution, especially of PLA and PFOA (P < 0.001). This notable increase was primarily attributed to composite pollution (MPs and PFOA) regulating the microbial community structure and assembly by strengthening the microbial network connectivity and enriching carbon-transforming genera, intensifying microbe-dissolved organic matter (DOM) interactions and then increasing the compositional heterogeneity of DOM and supply of labile carbon substrates (e.g., fulvic-like substances). Our findings provide new insights into how composite pollution of MPs and PFOA exacerbates carbon emissions from CWs primarily by modulating interactions between DOM and functional microbiota.

30. 题目: Overlooked role of soil microbial-derived carbon in promoting neurotoxic methylmercury production
文章编号: N26020706
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Man Yang, Zhi-Cheng Hu, Hui-Wen Liu, Wen Zhang, Yun-Yun Hao, Qin Liu, Jia-Xuan Meng, Bo Meng, Qiaoyun Huang, Baohua Gu, Yu-Rong Liu
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: The bioaccumulation of neurotoxic methylmercury (MeHg) in rice has raised global concerns due to its potential threat to human health. Organic carbon is a crucial factor influencing MeHg production in soils, as it regulates mercury bioavailability and microbial activity. However, the role of microbial-derived carbon, a critical source of soil organic matter, in regulating MeHg production remains unclear. Here, we compared the effect of microbial necromass (i.e., Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria, and fungi) and plant residues on microbial mercury methylation during incubation of paddy soil. Results showed that the addition of all four types of organic matter consistently resulted in higher MeHg concentrations, with Gram-negative bacterial necromass exhibiting the most significant enhancement (2.07-5.73 folds). By combining analyses of DNA-stable isotope probing and long-read sequencing of mercury methylation genes (i.e., hgcAB), we found that the promoting effect was associated with the increased proportions of methylators with high mercury methylation potential, such as Geobacter, in the treatment of Gram-negative bacterial necromass. Meanwhile, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry analyses revealed that the decomposition of microbial necromass and plant residues released more sulfur-containing compounds compared with the control, and this increased mercury bioavailability by forming complexes with mercury in the soil. These findings highlight the critical role of soil microbial-derived carbon in enhancing Hg methylation and emphasize the importance of the source of organic matter when predicting MeHg production in environments.

31. 题目: Revealing ciprofloxacin inhibition mitigation and microbial function enhancement mechanisms in inherent iron-driven biochar amendment for swine wastewater anaerobic digestion
文章编号: N26020705
期刊: Bioresource Technology
作者: Lanbin Zhang, Min Liu, Bing Yao, Wei Liu, Mingxiao Zeng, Fan Yuan, , Jingying Liu, Ying Chen
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: The presence of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in swine wastewater inhibits anaerobic wastewater treatment (AWT). This study evaluated the performance of wood-based biochar (WDBC), sludge-based biochar (SLBC), and cow dung-based biochar (CDBC) as additives in AWT systems for treating simulated swine wastewater under CIP stress, aiming to identify more effective strategies to mitigate the inhibitory effects of CIP on AWT processes. Methane production in the control group (Control) added solely with CIP was 74 % lower than that in the blank group without CIP addition. WDBC, SLBC, and CDBC increased methane production by 95%, 255%, and 386% versus Control, respectively. CDBC has a high mesopore proportion, aiding microbial colonization, while oxygen-containing functional groups mediate electron transfer. The high natural iron content (19 %) may have enhanced extracellular electron transfer by increasing the surface redox activity. CDBC enriched Clostridium and Methanothrix, increased functional genes and regulated acidogenesis and methanogenesis. CDBC effectively alleviates CIP inhibition, enhancing AWT stability.

32. 题目: Static magnetic fields enhance partial nitrification and phosphorus removal performance in anaerobic/aerobic/anoxic-aerobic granular sludge systems: Two-way role of microbial activity and extracellular polymeric substances
文章编号: N26020704
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Jiarui Li, Dongyue Li, Chaofan Xie, Yuxin Geng, Yanshuo Wu, Chi Zhang, Jun Li, Yuhan Zhu
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: When treating low carbon (C)/nitrogen (N) municipal wastewater, it is still difficult to achieve efficient simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal by relying only on raw water carbon sources. In this study, static magnetic fields (SMF) enhanced simultaneous partial nitrification endogenous denitrification phosphorus removal by aerobic granular sludge system was utilized to achieve highly efficient deep removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from low C/N municipal wastewater. The results of the microbial activity batch experiment indicate that SMF promoted the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) significantly more than nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) at 10 mT, while the opposite was true at 50 mT. Both phosphorus release and uptake activities were significantly enhanced with increasing SMF intensity. Long-term operational results showed that the partial nitrification and phosphorus removal performance was significantly enhanced in the low SMF intensity (10 mT), but the extent of performance enhancement diminished in the high SMF intensity (50 mT), compared to the control group. The high SMF intensity promoted the secretion of more extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and the granules were encapsulated by dense, viscous substances, leading to the limitation of internal dissolved oxygen mass transfer, which in turn counteracted the microbial activity of the system. High-throughput sequencing results confirmed that the energy metabolism of the system was enhanced with the increase of SMF intensity, which in turn promoted the secretion of the EPS. The specific effects of SMF on microbial activity and EPS resulted in a Two-way synthesis effect in the long-term operation of the system.

33. 题目: Insights into quinone-functionalized biochar for stabilizing high-load anaerobic digestion and increasing biogas production
文章编号: N26020703
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Yulei Zhang, Lixin Zhao, Jing Feng, Jiadong Yu, Juan Luo, Yi Liang, Ruixia Shen, Zonglu Yao
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: A high organic loading during anaerobic digestion (AD) of corn straw frequently triggers rapid volatile fatty acid (VFA) accumulation, pH decline, and process failure, partially due to inefficient syntrophic interactions and interspecies electron transfer. In this study, anthraquinone-2-sulfonate was grafted onto biochar to obtain quinone-modified biochar (QMBC), which was used to stabilize high-load AD of corn straw in a semi-continuous reactor. The results showed that during a high organic loading rate (OLR) of 2.36 g VS/L∙d, QMBC alleviated acid inhibition, reduced the total VFA concentration by 77.38 %, increased biogas production by 177.87 %, and maintained a methane concentration above 60 %. QMBC enriched electroactive bacteria, including Lentimicrobium (10.78 %) and Flexilinea (6.33 %), which were significantly and positively correlated with changes in the abundance of Methanobacterium and Methanosarcina. Functional predictions indicated significant enhancement of ccmEFGH and enzymes related to coenzyme F420 synthesis. Overall, quinone-functionalized biochar represents a practical additive to improve the stability and biogas production of high-loading AD.

34. 题目: RSM-optimized Mg/Al-LDH biochar composite for enhanced phosphorus removal: Insights into interlayer structure evolution and adsorption mechanism
文章编号: N26020702
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Aohang Zhou, Qi Wu, Hongbo Zhang, Jiarui Liu, Chaoqun Wang, Daocai Chi, Hanmi Zhou
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: High-concentration phosphorus in pesticide tailwater threatens ecosystem balance due to its toxicity and persistence. While abundant nanosheet structures in LDH(layered double hydroxides)-modified biomass enhance wastewater anion adsorption, optimizing LDH structures to maximize phosphate adsorption and elucidating the underlying microscopic mechanisms require further research. This study employed batch adsorption experiments combined with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize the synthesis conditions of Mg/Al-LDH modified biochar (MABC). The mechanisms underlying its efficient phosphorus adsorption were systematically investigated through XRD, XPS, FTIR, and SEM characterizations. Results show that MABC6 optimized by RSM (Mg/Al molar ratio 4:1, biochar dosage 10 g·100 mL−1, roasting temperature 450 °C) exhibited high crystallinity, large specific surface area, abundant surface functional groups, and maximum layer spacing, demonstrating optimal adsorption performance (54.932 mg g−1). Chemical adsorption, multilayer adsorption, electrostatic attraction, ion exchange, inner-sphere and outer-sphere surface complexation, and ligand exchange are the main mechanisms of the MABC adsorption process. The optimized MABC6, owing to its increased surface functional groups and expanded layer spacing, promotes multilayer adsorption and ligand exchange while strengthening ion exchange and ligand exchange. This enhances the effective binding between phosphate and adsorption sites. Additionally, soil column experiments indicated that phosphorus-enriched MABC6 (MABC6-P) achieved a cumulative phosphate release rate of 17.59% within 30 days, representing a 50.21% relative increase compared to the raw biochar(BC), highlighting its promising potential for slow-release fertilizer applications. In summary, this study optimized the LDHs-biochar crystalline structure via RSM to expand layer spacing, thereby enhancing adsorption capacity and extending its application in aquatic environmental remediation.

35. 题目: Synergistic and antagonistic interactions drive DOM dynamics in industrial effluents: Insights from double difference EEM analysis
文章编号: N26020701
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Jiancheng Li, Bin Wang, Zhichao Yun, Yu Yang, Fu Xia, Xu Han, Qiyuan Liu, Yonghai Jiang, Junwen Hou
更新时间: 2026-02-07
摘要: Industrial effluents are critical sources of dissolved organic matter (DOM) to aquatic environments, yet their environmental fate remains poorly constrained due to the complex interplay of photochemical and microbial processes. Conventional bulk indicators and fluorescence analyses cannot resolve whether DOM signals arise from degradation or production, limiting mechanistic understanding. Here, we developed and applied a novel double differential excitation-emission matrix (∆∆EEM) framework to disentangle the relative contributions of photochemistry and microbiology in three representative industrial effluents: textile, coking, and petrochemical wastewater. Fifteen-day incubation experiments under photolytic and microbial conditions were monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy. By subtracting photochemical ∆EEMs from microbial ∆EEMs and classifying responses into quadrants and regions, we quantitatively resolved both the directional tendencies (generation vs. degradation) and strength-dependent dominance of the two processes with ∆∆EEMs. Positive ΔΔEEM indicates microbial-dominant net change and negative ΔΔEEM indicates photochemical-dominant net change. Our results revealed distinct patterns across effluent types. Textile DOM exhibited oscillatory behavior, with microbes acting alternately as degraders and producers. Coking effluents showed strong early photoreactivity that stabilized as photoproducts accumulated. Petrochemical effluents, rich in aromatic and hydrophobic components, were persistently controlled by photochemistry with minimal microbial contribution. Region-based analysis highlighted when photochemistry and microbiology acted synergistically or antagonistically, while evenness indices distinguished single-pathway dominance from multipathway contributions. This study demonstrates the ∆∆EEM framework as a powerful tool for disentangling DOM transformation mechanisms. The findings provide critical implications for optimizing treatment strategies, predicting the persistence of industrial DOM, and managing the environmental risks of effluent discharge.

36. 题目: Subsurface stormflow concentration-discharge relationships reveal DOC and nitrate transport mechanisms across land uses in karst hillslopes
文章编号: N26020512
期刊: Journal of Hydrology
作者: Na Feng, Jun Zhang, Fa Wang, Zhiyong Fu, Hongsong Chen
更新时间: 2026-02-05
摘要: The dissolved carbon and nitrogen concentrations, which are crucial for aquatic ecosystem and water quality, are strongly influenced by hydrological processes. However, the transport dynamics of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrate within the extremely complex and hidden underground remain unclear. Here, we conducted manual high-frequency sampling to capture DOC/nitrate yields and their concentration-discharge relationships across subsurface and epikarst flow in karst hillslope with four land-use types (cropland, forage grassland, planted forestland, shrubland). Results showed that DOC and nitrate concentrations were highest during heavy rainfall (25–49.9 mm d−1) in the early rainy season (e.g., April-May), while were lower during large rainstorms (>100 mm d−1). However, export DOC and nitrate yields reached 1.71–15.19 kg km−2h−1 and 0.60–8.88 kg km−2h−1 in large rainstorm, respectively, which were 1.11–13.09 times and 1.30–6.53 times those in other rainfall events (25–99.9 mm d−1). Epikarst flow exported 10.27 times more DOC and 17.33 times more nitrate yields per hour than subsurface flow due to its greater runoff depth, establishing it as the dominant pathway for nutrient export. Generally, planted forestland had the highest DOC yields (2.78 kg km−2h−1) in subsurface flow, while cropland showed peak nitrate exports (1.77 kg km−2h−1). In contrast, forage grassland reduced DOC yield by 80.5% relative to planted forestland, and nitrate by 97.4% relative to cropland. Therefore, planting forage grassland is an effective method of reducing carbon and nitrogen export. Mechanistically, DOC export was source-limited with near-synchronous concentration-discharge coupling in subsurface flow, contrasting with delayed release in epikarst flow. Nitrate export exhibited transport-limited with clockwise hysteresis in cropland and shrubland but anticlockwise in planted forestland, and no significant hysteresis in forage grassland. Additionally, land use indirectly influenced DOC and nitrate concentrations by altering soil water content, while precipitation affected DOC and nitrate via discharge and geogenic ion (e.g., Mg2+), respectively. These results highlight the primacy of epikarst systems and rainfall patterns in regulating nutrient exports and point to targeting large rainstorms for groundwater-quality protection.

37. 题目: Innovative use of modified biochar for cadmium remediation in saline soils: Integrating biological and physicochemical strategies with implications for Cd uptake in garden cress (Lepidium sativum)
文章编号: N26020511
期刊: Applied Soil Ecology
作者: Pouria Karimi, Mohammad Rafiee, Mohsen Saadani, Hassan Etesami, Fatemeh Amereh, Ahmadreza Yazdanbakhsh
更新时间: 2026-02-05
摘要: Cadmium (Cd) contamination in saline soils poses a serious challenge to agricultural productivity and food safety. Although biochar and earthworms have been widely studied as separate remediation agents, their combined performance and mechanisms under saline conditions remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the effectiveness of ball-milled biochar (MBC) and Fe-Mn modified biochar (FMBC), alone and in combination with the earthworm Eisenia fetida, for Cd stabilization at two contamination levels (4 and 8 mg kg−1). Lepidium sativum (garden cress) was used as an indicator plant to assess the implications of Cd stabilization for crop safety. Results showed that FMBC reduced the exchangeable Cd fraction by up to 72% and increased the stable carbonate- and Fe-Mn oxide-bound forms by 64% compared with the control. The co-application of FMBC and E. fetida further enhanced Cd immobilization efficiency by approximately 25% relative to FMBC alone. Earthworm activity increased the organic-bound Cd fraction through bioturbation and stimulation of microbial processes, while FMBC improved microbial colonization and pH buffering in the rhizosphere. Despite the negative influence of salinity, FMBC (2%) effectively mitigated Cd mobility and lowered plant Cd uptake by 79%. Risk assessment code (RAC) analysis confirmed that FMBC combined with earthworms reduced the environmental Cd risk from “very high” to “moderate.” These findings highlight the potential of integrating modified biochar with E. fetida as a synergistic and sustainable strategy to mitigate Cd bioavailability and promote safer crop production in saline-contaminated soils.

38. 题目: Elucidating Microbial Mechanisms of Biochar-Enhanced Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation at the Molecular Level
文章编号: N26020510
期刊: ACS ES&T Water
作者: Yu Li, Jianghao Cheng, Jiaqi Li, Yuesheng Li, Yuanchi Zhao, Le Li, Zhuqing Liu, Fan Yang, Kui Cheng
更新时间: 2026-02-05
摘要: This study identifies critical dosage thresholds in biochar-enhanced microbially induced carbonate precipitation (BC-MICP) systems for effective cadmium (Cd) remediation in both aquatic and soil environments. In water, 250 mg/L BC optimized Cd fixation (61.4%) via synergistic adsorption-precipitation effects, regulated by urease activity thresholds (0.4 μg/mL). In soil, addition of >2.5% BC activated heterogeneous CdCO3 nucleation, increasing residual Cd by 19.9%. BC-mediated microbial shifts revealed low-dose enrichment of Cd-resistant Bacillus contrasted with high-dose dominance of oligotrophic Actinobacteria. Fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated matrix-specific organic interactions: humic acid stabilization in water as opposed to protein-BC binding in soil. Our findings highlight BC’s dual role in bridging adsorption kinetics and microbial metabolism, providing critical thresholds for eco-engineered remediation.

39. 题目: Integrating low-cost sensors, fixed and mobile monitoring with satellite data to assess the impact of biomass burning on fine, ultrafine and black carbon particle concentrations
文章编号: N26020509
期刊: Atmospheric Environment
作者: Patricia Krecl, Gustavo Akutagawa, Admir Créso Targino, Eva Maria Mollinedo, Fabián Guerrero, Lorena Espinoza, Mario Toledo
更新时间: 2026-02-05
摘要: Identifying local and regional air pollution events in developing regions remains challenging due to the lack of monitoring infrastructure. This study applied an integrated monitoring approach (combining low-cost sensors (LCS), reference-grade data, mobile measurements and satellite observations) to characterize the influence of residential wood combustion (RWC) and wildfire smoke on particulate pollution in two cities of central Chile during 2022–2023. LCS data proved to be a reliable indicator of particulate pollution, providing a relative measure of PM2.5 concentrations and effectively flagging extreme events. They revealed strong winter pollution episodes, with PM2.5 concentrations exceeding those recorded at coastal reference-grade stations. An atypical PM2.5​ peak exceeding 100 μg/m3 in February 2023 was linked to long-range transport of smoke from severe central-south Chile wildfires, through a combination of aerosol optical depth, fire radiative power and HYSPLIT trajectories. Winter field measurements of black carbon (BC) and particle number (PN) provided additional source-specific insights. On average, fixed-site BC concentrations showed a bimodal diurnal cycle, with morning traffic peaks (BC370 = BC880 = 4.69 μg/m3), but higher evening peaks (BC370 = 7.99 μg/m3) associated strong RWC contributions (Ångström exponents >1.1). Mobile monitoring along a 31-km route on nine evenings revealed large spatial variability in BC880 (mean ± standard deviation: 8.79 ± 9.58 μg/m3) and PN (3.00 ± 1.91 ×104 #/cm3), driven by source proximity, combustion practices, meteorology and topography. This multisource framework proved efficient in capturing both local combustion sources and regional wildfire smoke, demonstrating its value for cities with limited air quality monitoring infrastructure.

40. 题目: Controls on Organic Carbon Burial on the Outer Shelf of the Northern South China Sea Since the Last Glacial Period
文章编号: N26020508
期刊: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
作者: Guanqiang Cai, Shun Li, Li Zhao
更新时间: 2026-02-05
摘要: Continental margins are pivotal zones in the global carbon cycle, serving as major repositories for both terrestrial and marine organic carbon (OC). However, OC burial processes in these settings exhibit strong spatial and temporal heterogeneity, controlled by variable terrestrial inputs, sea-level fluctuations, and hydrodynamic conditions. To unravel the mechanisms governing long-term OC burial on outer shelves, this study presents a multi-proxy analysis—including total organic carbon, total nitrogen, stable isotopes (δ13C, δ15N), grain size, major and trace elements—of a sediment core from the outer shelf of the northern South China Sea (SCS). Our results reveal a pronounced shift in OC sources: sediments from the Last Glacial Period and early Holocene are dominated by terrestrial OC, whereas marine OC contributions increased substantially during the mid- to late Holocene. We demonstrate that late Quaternary sea-level change exerted primary control on OC burial by regulating depositional environment and sediment supply. During lowstands and the early transgression, proximity to the paleo-coastline and high sedimentation rates promoted efficient burial of terrestrial OC. In contrast, under highstand conditions, diminished terrestrial input and intensified hydrodynamic reworking limited OC accumulation. Furthermore, millennial-scale flood events, linked to enhanced monsoon precipitation, episodically delivered pulses of terrestrial OC to the outer shelf, imprinting distinct geochemical signatures in the sedimentary record. This study highlights the stage-specific interplay of sea level, sedimentation rate, and hydrodynamics in controlling OC burial on a continental shelf, providing new insights into carbon sequestration mechanisms in marginal sea systems under changing climatic and sea-level conditions.