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所有论文

121. 题目: Co-selective effect of dissolved organic matter and chlorine on the bacterial community and their antibiotic resistance in biofilm of drinking water distribution pipes
文章编号: N24102113
期刊: Water Research
作者: Hui Chen, Shuxin Zhang, Haibo Wang, Xu Ma, Min Wang, Pingfeng Yu, Baoyou Shi
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: The proliferation of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the biofilm of drinking water distribution pipes poses a serious threat to human health. This work adopted 15 polyethylene (PE) pipes to study the co-selective effect of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and chlorine on the bacterial community and their antibiotic resistance in biofilm. The results indicated that ozone and granular activated carbon (O3-GAC) filtration effectively removed lignins and proteins from DOM, and chlorine disinfection eliminated carbohydrate and unsaturated hydrocarbons, which both contributed to the inhibition of bacterial growth and biofilm formation. After O3-GAC and disinfection treatment, Porphyrobacter, unclassified_d_bacteria, and Sphingopyxis dominated in the biofilm bacterial community. Correspondingly, the bacterial metabolism pathways, including the phosphotransferase system, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, ABC transporters, and starch and sucrose metabolism, were downregulated significantly (p < 0.05), compared to the sand filtration treatment. Under such a situation, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secretion was inhibited in biofilm after O3-GAC and disinfection treatment, postponing the interaction between EPS protein and pipe surface, preventing bacteria, especially pathogens, from adhering to the pipe surface to form biofilm, and restraining the spread of ARGs. This study revealed the effects of various water filtration and disinfection processes on bacterial growth, metabolism, and biofilm formation on a molecular level, and validated that the O3-GAC filtration followed by chlorine disinfection is an effective and promising pathway to control the microbial risk of drinking water.

122. 题目: Enhanced adsorption of aqueous perfluorooctanoic acid on iron-functionalized biochar: Elucidating the roles of inner-sphere complexation
文章编号: N24102112
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Binglin Guo, Eunsung Kan, Shengquan Zeng
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is ubiquitously detected in various water bodies, which raises the urgent need for developing effective and economic remediation methods in response to its health risks. The adsorptive removal of PFOA by biochar (BC) is regarded as a simple, effective, and economical technique. However, engineered BCs, including FeCl3-activated BC, for PFOA removal and adsorption mechanisms have been ill-studied. In this study, a FeCl3-activated dairy manure-derived biochar (Fe@MBC) was prepared via one-step pyrolysis/activation, and its properties and adsorption characteristics were compared with a pristine manure-derived biochar (P-MBC). The FeCl3 activation largely increased the surface area of Fe@MBC and the deposition of FexOy minerals on surface of Fe@MBC while significantly elevating the surface roughness of Fe@MBC. The maximum adsorption capacity of Fe@MBC for PFOA (233 mg·g−1) was five times higher than that of P-MBC (46 mg·g−1). PFOA adsorption was favorable at low solution pH and was independent on ionic strength, which supported the major contribution by inner-sphere complexation rather than out-sphere complexation. This mechanism was further confirmed by the disappearance of FesingleO peak on Fourier transform infrared spectrum and the blue-shift of Fe binding energies on X-ray photoelectron Fe 2p spectrum of Fe@MBC after PFOA adsorption. Fe@MBC maintained a near 100 % adsorption capacity for PFOA after 3 cycles of chemical regeneration. Fe@MBC also exhibited efficient removal for PFOA and other PFAS compounds at trace levels in the lake water and dairy effluent. Thus, this study highlights a promising insight for selectively eliminating PFASs from water.

123. 题目: Organic matter mitigates biotic impact of copper in fruit orchard soil
文章编号: N24102111
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Dasom Jeon, Brett Robinson, Nicholas Dickinson
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: Inorganic copper (Cu) fungicides and bactericides are widely used to control disease in fruit and vegetable crops and has led to widespread accumulation of the metal in soil beyond regulatory thresholds. We aimed to elucidate the impacts of Cu on soil health within cherry orchard soils in New Zealand, focusing on three biological indicators: earthworm behaviour, soil respiration, and plant growth. We sampled soils from four blocks of different ages within a single orchard, varying in amounts of accumulated soil Cu (7 – 263 mg kg-1) but also in Soil Organic Matter (SOM) content (3 – 10 %). Experimental work was designed to isolate the impacts of both Cu and SOM on three critical biological descriptors: earthworm behaviour, soil respiration and root growth. Soils were amended to standardise both variables in laboratory and glasshouse experiments. The results demonstrated a pronounced inhibition of soil respiration and root development, as well as adverse effects on earthworm behaviour, with increasing Cu concentrations. SOM played a mitigating role, reducing the bioavailability and toxicity of Cu to soil organisms. However, the buffering capacity of SOM is limited and long-term reliance on SOM to mitigate Cu toxicity is not sustainable. Currently Cu continues to accumulate in most orchard soils. This study highlights the importance of assessing Cu bioavailability and soil health in the context of orchard management.

124. 题目: UiO-67 metal-organic framework loaded on hardwood biochar for sustainable management of environmental boron contaminations
文章编号: N24102110
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Samaneh Ghaedi, Hamid Rajabi, Mojgan Hadi Mosleh, Peyman Babakhani, Majid Sedighi
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: Boron contamination in water poses significant potential risks to human health and the environment, necessitating the development of efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable remediation technologies. This study introduces a novel composite material combining a zirconium-based metal-organic framework (UiO-67) and a low-cost carbonaceous material (hardwood biochar, BC) with synergetic efficiency to address boron-polluted waters. The UiO-67-biochar (UBC) composite exhibits effective surface chemistry and a remarkably high specific surface area of approximately 881.9 m²/g, substantially increasing from the 19.7 m²/g of biochar. Our experimental results demonstrate that UBC removed up to 88.5% of boron from 20 ppm polluted water, achieving levels compliant with the WHO standards. The composite also showed excellent reusability, maintaining 95% efficiency over multiple cycles without loss of crystallinity. Life cycle assessment and cost analysis indicate that an optimal MOF to biochar ratio of approximately 60 wt% minimises CO2 emissions and costs while maximising the boron removal efficiency. The UiO-67-biochar composites proposed here offers a promising scalable solution for boron contamination and potentially other environmental pollutants, combining the high functionality of UiO-67 with the practical and economic advantages of biochar.

125. 题目: Effects of temperature, relative humidity and soil organic carbon content on soil-air partitioning coefficients of volatile PFAS
文章编号: N24102109
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Weiwei Zhang, Limin Ma, Songsong Chen, Chong Chen, Chengcheng Bu, Jinpeng Yu, Ru Zhang, Yongzhi Wang, Haoyu Zeng, Yuchen Han
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: Soil-air partitioning coefficient (KSA) values are often used to assess the environmental fate of organic contaminants in soil. Till now, sufficient KSA values have not yet been measured for many compounds of interest, including some emerging pollutants such as volatile PFAS. Moreover, the effects of environmental factors such as temperature, relative humidity and soil organic carbon content on KSA of volatile PFAS are also unclear. In this study, the KSA values of target volatile PFAS were measured under various temperature (20–40 °C), relative humidity (30–100 %) and soil organic carbon content (2.1 %–8.0 %) using a modified solid-phase fugacity meter. The results showed that higher temperatures, higher relative humidity and lower organic carbon content in soil may accelerate the diffusion of target volatile PFAS. Furthermore, the KSA measurements were used to derive a multiple linear regression model to depict the relationship between logKSA and temperature, relative humidity, soil organic carbon content and PFAS-specific logKOA. When compared with the predictions obtained from semi-empirical model, we argued that the multiple linear regression model is more robust and easier to implement for target volatile PFAS or other emerging volatile PFAS than the semi-empirical approach to help depict the diffusion process at target volatile PFAS contaminated sites.

126. 题目: Data-driven effects of human activities and environmental factors on inland aquatic dissolved organic matter in China: insights from machine learning
文章编号: N24102108
期刊: Journal of Cleaner Production
作者: Yushen Ma, Lixiao Ni, Jiahui Shi, Cunhao Du, Wenlu Sang, Yiping Li, Linyun Zhang, Shiyin Li
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: Aquatic DOM, a major carbon pool in inland waters, plays a key role in the global carbon cycle and is influenced by human activities and environmental factors. While watershed surveys have identified some drivers of aquatic DOM changes, national-scale knowledge remains limited. Spectral monitoring data from 721 aquatic DOMs in inland China were collected to predict and quantify the spectral properties of aquatic DOMs and the coupled effects of human activities and environmental factors by complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise (CEEMDAN), random forest (RF) and structural equation modeling (SEM). Our results show that the dataset is relatively evenly distributed in terms of flow regimes, and the data are adequately representative of various types of water in China. Although the performance of CEEMDAN is affected by the skewed distribution of data sampling points (453 and 449 for eastern regions and eutrophic waters, respectively), CEEMDAN effectively processes the spatial sequences of aquatic DOM spectra, which significantly improves the reliability of the machine learning model (by 13%∼68%) and reduces the error (by 63%∼92%). CEEMDAN-RF and SEM results indicate that longitude and latitude are the most important environmental factors affecting the spectral properties of aquatic DOM through temperature, light and land cover differences, reducing the biogenic properties of aquatic DOM. Unlike observations in small watersheds and estuaries, environmental factors of season, precipitation and salinity have weak effects on aquatic DOM. Furthermore, the biogenic character of aquatic DOM is enhanced by urban human activities, represented by urbanization, population, and impervious land fraction, which have long-lasting and strong impacts on aquatic DOM by driving water eutrophication and enhancing phytoplankton and microbial activity. Our study informs the prediction and quantification of coupled environmental and anthropogenic impacts on aquatic DOM at large scales

127. 题目: Synergistic adsorption and degradation of sulfonylurea herbicides by biochar-supported nano zero-valent iron composites in in-situ soil remediation
文章编号: N24102107
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Wenwen Xie, Cheng Peng, Anqi Chen, Haoran Wang, Mabinty Sarah Tholley, Rong Qian, Sinan Lu, Wei Zhang, Xiuping Zhan
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: The extensive and continuous application of sulfonylurea herbicide is crucial for weed management but has resulted in widespread non-point source pollution. In this study, nano zero-valent iron/biochar (nZVI/BC) was synthesized by using FeCl3-impregnated corn stalks under anoxic pyrolysis conditions, which was applied in the in-situ remediation of bensulfuron methyl (BSFM) and sulfometuron methyl (SMTM) polluted soil. The results show that nZVI/BC with a 2.7 ratio of Fe/C had the highest efficiency in removing sulfonylurea herbicides. The removal efficiencies of BSFM and SMTM by nZVI/BC were negatively correlated to initial concentrations of sulfonylurea herbicides and positively correlated to nZVI/BC addition amount in the soil. Moreover, nZVI/BC could remove 53 % of BSFM and 72 % of SMTM at the concentration of 5 mg/kg after 21 d, which was much higher than that of BC. Notably, the removal efficiency of BSFM by nZVI/BC reached 36 % within 7 d, while the removal efficiency of SMTM by nZVI/BC was up to 68 % even within 3 d. The adsorption of herbicides by nZVI/BC was mainly driven by chemical processes involving multilayer adsorption. Furthermore, the removal mechanisms of BMTM and SMTM by nZVI/BC also involved C = O and C–O groups and oxidation of nZVI to FeO and Fe3O4 along with the cleavage of the sulfonylurea bridge. This study provides a promising application of nZVI/BC in in-situ remediating sulfonylurea herbicide- polluted soil.

128. 题目: Molecular insight into algae-derived dissolved organic matters via Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry: Effects of pretreatment methods and electrospray ionization modes
文章编号: N24102106
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Chengyu Suo, Wensi Zhao, Shasha Liu, Yi Ren, Yuxin Zhang, Yue Qiu, Fengchang Wu
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: The release of algae-derived dissolved organic matter (ADOM) significantly increased in serious eutrophication waters, posing great threats to drinking water safety. Thus, the molecular composition decipherment is urgently in need. However, due to unsatisfactory pretreatment and ionization effects, the application of Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS) on ADOM was limited. Therefore, the effects of pretreatment methods (cartridge type and loading) during solid-phase extraction (SPE) and electrospray ionization (ESI) modes with FT-ICR-MS on the molecular composition of ADOM were evaluated. The results showed compared with silica-based octadecyl (C18) cartridge, styrene-divinylbenzene polymer (PPL) cartridge exhibited higher recovery efficiency and retained more saturated and oxygenated compounds, such as carbohydrate-like and tannin-like. Furthermore, the recovery efficiency decreased with increasing loading, and hydrophilic and high-oxygenated carbohydrate-like and tannin-like were continuously replaced by hydrophobic and low-oxygenated aliphatic and aromatic compounds. Moreover, compared to negative ESI mode, the addition of positive ESI mode increased the molecular chemodiversity, especially more lipid-like and protein-like compounds. Thus, we proposed < 1:500 DOC/PPL mass ratio during SPE and dual ESI modes coupled with FT-ICR-MS could identify ADOM molecules more comprehensively. This work contributes to more comprehensive understanding of the molecular composition of ADOM and provides more references for pretreatment and characterization strategies of severely eutrophic waters.

129. 题目: Divergent contributions of microbes and plants to soil organic carbon in the drawdown area of a large reservoir: Impacts of periodic flooding and drying.
文章编号: N24102105
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Shengman Zhang, Yue Xia, Xueping Chen, Ziyuan Zhang, Dong Zhang, Shanze Li, Yong Qin, Yongsheng Chu, Yuchun Wang, Fushun Wang
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: The distribution patterns and accumulation mechanisms of plant and microbial residues, along with their potential contributions to soil organic carbon (SOC), remain subjects of considerable debate, particularly within drawdown areas affected by reservoir operation. In this study, surface soil samples (0-10 cm) were collected from three different elevations within the drawdown area of the Three Gorges Reservoir. Amino sugars and lignin phenols served as biomarkers for microbial residues and plant-derived materials, respectively. The results revealed that with increasing duration of flooding, the content of amino sugars increased from 0.26 mg g-1 to 0.64 mg g-1, whereas the content of lignin phenols decreased from 204.09 mg kg-1 to 37.93 mg kg-1. Moreover, as the duration of flooding increased, the contribution of microbial necromass carbon (MNC) to SOC rose from 29% to 47%, while the contribution of plant-derived carbon to SOC gradually declined. Plants biomass and iron minerals influenced the accumulation of lignin phenols, whereas amino sugars were affected by plants biomass, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, and clay minerals. The periodic flooding and drying events induced alterations in carbon inputs and environmental characteristics within the drawdown area, resulting in fluctuations in the contributions of plants and MNC to SOC in this region. The findings of this study highlight the critical role played by both plant- and microbial-derived carbon in the retention and turnover of SOC within the terrestrial-aquatic transition zone.

130. 题目: Response of phytoplankton community to dissolved organic matter composition and lake trophic state.
文章编号: N24102104
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Yadi Ai, Hongguang Cheng, Weici Quan, Qiongyi Wang, Yiwei Gong, Kaiming Yang, Yuxi Wu, Jiawen Zhang, Di Huang
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: Human activities, intensified urbanization and climate changes altered source and quantity of dissolved organic matter (DOM), complicating its interaction with phytoplankton in aquatic ecosystems. However, relationship between DOM and phytoplankton in urban lakes strongly disturbed by human activities was still unclear. Thus, a whole-year sampling campaign was conducted in the Tangxun Lake, China's largest urban lake, to reveal the interaction between DOM and phytoplankton. Results indicated that trophic state in the Tangxun Lake varied from mesotrophic to moderately eutrophic. Parallel factor analysis method combined with excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that DOM in the Tangxun Lake consisted of three components, two protein-like components (C1, C3), and one humic-like component (C2). Protein-like components occupied 80% ± 11% of total CDOM pool, mainly due to urbanization driving DOM to be more protein-like, less humic-like. Besides, DOM in the Tangxun Lake was mainly autochthonous input and more recently formed. Furthermore, a total of 129 phytoplankton species were identified, belonging to 78 genera and 7 phyla. Tangxun Lake's phytoplankton community structure was dominated by the Chlorophyta-Bacillariophyta-Cyanophyta type. The temporal succession of phytoplankton varied significantly. It was found that the abundance of Cryptophyta and Cyanophyta were predominant in the mesotrophic state, while Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta were prevailing in the eutrophic and middle-eutrophic states. As for the interaction between DOM and phytoplankton, results demonstrated that phytoplankton biomass was significantly positively correlated with a (254), a proxy of DOM abundance. Moreover, phytoplankton abundance and biomass significantly positively correlated with autochthonous and freshly released DOM, indicating that the more autochthonous and freshly released DOM, the higher phytoplankton abundance and biomass. Overall, this study provides profound environmental implications for aquatic ecosystem management, especially those strongly affected by human activities.

131. 题目: Ultra-efficient removal of aqueous hexavalent chromium by activated biochar nanoparticles derived from squid ink
文章编号: N24102103
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Xiang Dai, Yingqi Luo, Jinhuan Deng, Junlin Wen, Yao He, Yong Yuan, Yi Wang
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: Biochar have been recognized as efficient and renewable carbon sorbents, which attracted much attention on Cr contamination remediation in wastewater. In this study, we propose a cost-effective one-step strategy to synthesize activated biochar nanoparticles derived from squid ink (AS-BC) for aqueous Cr(VI) removal. The results demonstrated that AS-BC achieved a removal rate of 24.29 h−1 at 700 °C (400-times higher than the unmodified one). This was also a state-of-the-art removal performance for aqueous Cr(VI) compared to other reported materials. AS-BC possessed an enormous specific surface (2408 m2/g at 700 °C) with abundant O- and N-containing groups, condensed aromatic structures, and high electron transfer capacity (3.64 and 2.13 mmol e/g for EAC and EDC at 700 °C), contributing to the ultra-efficient removal of Cr(VI) by synergistic adsorption and reduction. AS-BC absorbed Cr(VI) in the form of HCrO4 by electrostatic attraction with protonated amine-N and hydroxy (-NH3+ and -OH2+) groups and Cr(III) in the form of Cr3+ by complexation with amine-N and hydroxy groups. With a hydroxy-quinone and conjugated π-electron system, AS-BC served as mediator and shuttle to accelerate electron transfer in Cr(VI) reduction with an electron donor. Therefore, our findings highlight the immense potential of AS-BC biochar nanoparticles represent a potential alternative for high-performance Cr(VI) remediation in wastewater.

132. 题目: Efficient activation of peroxyacetic acid by cobalt-iron alloy/oxide heterojunctions anchored in defect-rich biochar for pesticide degradation in water: Unravelling the radical-unradical mechanism
文章编号: N24102102
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Xuetao Liang, Xueying Li, Yujie Zhao, Jingran Li, Bingyang Liu, Qingbang Yang, Longyan Cui, Zhilin Yang, Qi Yang
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: The activation processes of peracetic acid (PAA-AOPs) have garnered significant attention in wastewater treatment. In this study, an amorphous carbon-modified bimetallic CoFe alloy/oxide catalyst (CoFe@DBCx-y, where x represents biomass mass and y represents pyrolysis temperature) was developed to activate PAA for the degradation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Due to the size effect, biochar dynamically regulates the particle size of metal species, which is influenced by the pyrolysis temperature. Among these systems, the CoFeDBC2.0–700/PAA oxidation system effectively removed 95.7 % of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), exhibiting a kinetic constant 1.7 times higher than that of the Nano/PAA system. Furthermore, quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis revealed that high-valent metal oxides (MIV = O) and singlet oxygen (1O2) are the primary active species responsible for the removal of 2,4-D, whereas organic radicals (RO·) and hydroxyl radicals (·OH) play a secondary role. Electrochemical and Raman spectroscopy tests revealed the formation of a metastable surface complex (≡Co(III)–OO(O)CCH3) between PAA and the catalyst, which acted as an intermediate oxidant to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) through a chain reaction. Carbon defects in the biochar functioned as an electron source, continuously replenishing the electrons consumed in the reaction and facilitating the valence cycling between Co and Fe. This study provides new insights into the remediation of pesticide-contaminated wastewater using PAA-AOPs with heterogeneous bimetallic carbon-based catalysts.

133. 题目: Development of polyfunctionalized biochar modified with manganese oxide and sulfur for immobilizing Hg(II) and Pb(II) in water and soil and improving soil health
文章编号: N24102101
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Weilong Wu, Xuan Wu, Han Zhang, Ronghua Li, Zhiqiang Guo, You Li, Kuok Ho Daniel Tang, Zhibo Zhang, Hui Huang, Xiaoyong Lv
更新时间: 2024-10-21
摘要: Mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb) pose significant risks to human health due to their high toxicity and bioaccumulative properties. This study aimed to develop a novel biochar composite (HMB-S), polyfunctionalized with manganese dioxide (α-MnO2) and sulfur functional groups, for the effective immobilization of Hg(II) and Pb(II) from contaminated environments. HMB-S demonstrated superior adsorption capacities of 190.1 mg/g for Hg(II) and 259.9 mg/g for Pb(II), which significantly surpasses the capacities of unmodified biochar (HB) and biochar functionalized solely with Mn (HMB). Mechanistic studies revealed that the immobilization of these metals by HMB-S involved ion exchange, mineral precipitation, surface complexation, and electrostatic interactions. In soil incubation experiments, HMB-S significantly decreased the levels of extractable Hg(II) and Pb(II) compared to the control, reducing the mobility of these metals and converting 17 % of Hg(II) and 26 % of Pb(II) into less bioavailable residual forms. Pot experiments confirmed that all tested biochar materials (HB, HMB, and HMB-S) promoted spinach growth in contaminated soils, with HMB-S being the most effective at lowering Hg(II) and Pb(II) uptake by plants. Additionally, analysis of soil microbial communities indicated that HMB-S altered community composition and increased the relative abundance of metal-resistant bacteria. These findings highlight the potential of polyfunctionalized biochar HMB-S as an effective remediation strategy for Hg and Pb contamination in soil and aqueous environments.

134. 题目: Molecular mechanism of boosted hydrogen production by Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum with biochar revealed by transcriptome analysis
文章编号: N24102014
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Jie Bu, Xue-Wen Ju, Lu-Xin Liang, Qian-Zhu Zhao, Yong Wei Tiong, Hai-Zhen Wu, Yen Wah Tong, Ming-Jun Zhu
更新时间: 2024-10-20
摘要: Although numerous studies have reported the enhancement of hydrogen production by biochar in dark fermentation, the molecular mechanisms underlying this enhancement remain poorly understood. This study investigated the role of biochar in boosting hydrogen production by Thermoanaerobacterium thermosaccharolyticum MJ2. The results showed that BC600 addition led to a 290.7% increase in hydrogen production and a 67.1% improvement in hydrogen yield, with a significant increase in cell biomass, 74% of which was immobilized on biochar. Transcriptome analysis revealed the upregulation of genes coding for hydrogen-producing ech hydrogenases and the downregulation of hnd hydrogenase genes involved in hydrogen consumption. Additionally, gene expression related to cell immobilization, nitrogen fixation for hydrogen production were also enhanced, while genes associated with glycolysis showed an overall downregulation. For the key genes of interest, BC600 had a more profound effect on their expression levels in immobilized cells compared to suspended cells within the same system. This study provides valuable insights into how biochar regulates microbial metabolism and gene expression to enhance hydrogen production, aiding in the development of more effective biochar application strategies for biohydrogen production.

135. 题目: Adsorption of oxidized humic acid onto redox-inert mineral surfaces induces formation of hydroxyl radicals and carbon dynamics
文章编号: N24102013
期刊: Water Research
作者: Shengyan Pu, Xinyi Li, Zhongquan Liu, Peng Zhang, Chenglong Yu
更新时间: 2024-10-20
摘要: The dark formation of hydroxyl radicals (•OH) from O2 activation by reduced humic substances at oxic-anoxic interfaces has been extensively documented. However, their generation in oxic subsurface environments is typically overlooked due to the scarcity of electron donors, especially in the presence of minerals. In this study, the formation of •OH during the adsorption of oxidized humic acids (HA) onto redox-inert minerals was investigated under oxic and pH-neutral conditions. Batch experiment results demonstrated that the adsorption of oxidized HA onto aluminum (hydr)oxide and Fe-free clay minerals induces the formation of •OH (e.g., 16/28 μmol/g C) without the addition of exogenous electron donors. In contrast, the interaction of oxidized HA alone with O2 did not result in measurable •OH production. The enhanced electron-donating capacity (EDC) and humification of the whole HA (mainly in adsorbed state) were measured after adsorption. The surface-catalyzed polymerization of oxidizable polyphenols in HA is proposed as the plausible mechanism for the observed EDC enhancement, which in turn triggers O2 activation for •OH production. Furthermore, substantial chemical alterations of lignins and condensed aromatics within HA were observed, producing more compounds exhibiting higher molecular weight, aromaticity, O/C ratio, and nominal oxidation state of carbon. It is indicated that the contribution of oxidative polymerization outweighs •OH oxidation in the molecular transformation of adsorbed HA. Overall, our findings extend the understanding of HA-induced •OH production from oxic-anoxic interfaces to the oxic zone and present a novel pathway for the abiotic transformation of recalcitrant organic matter in subsurface environments with extensive surface water-groundwater interactions.

136. 题目: Synergistic effect between biochar and nitrate fertilizer facilitated arsenic immobilization in an anaerobic contaminated paddy soil
文章编号: N24102012
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Wenli Jia, Zhi Yu, Junfeng Chen, Jian Zhang, Jian Zhu, Wentao Yang, Ruidong Yang, Pan Wu, Shengsen Wang
更新时间: 2024-10-20
摘要: Nitrate nitrogen fertilizer was usually used to mitigate arsenic (As) release and mobilization in the anaerobic contaminated paddy soil. However, the effect of the interplay between nitrate fertilizer and biochar on As availability as well as the involved mechanism were poorly understood. Herein, the effects and mechanisms of biochar, nitrate fertilizer, and biochar-based nitrate fertilizer on the availability of As in the contaminated paddy soil were investigated via a microcosm incubation experiment. Results indicated that the application of biochar-based nitrate fertilizer significantly lessened the available As concentration in the contaminated paddy soil from 3.01 ± 0.03 (control group) to 2.24 ± 0.08 mg kg−1, which presented an immobilization efficiency of 26.6 % better than those of individual biochar (13.5 %) and nitrate fertilizer (17.6 %), exhibiting a synergistic effect. Moreover, the biochar-based nitrate fertilizer also facilitated the transformation of more toxic arsenite in the contaminated soil to less toxic arsenate. Further, biochar-based nitrate fertilizer increased soil redox potential (Eh), dissolved organic carbon, organic matter, and nitrate yet decreased soil pH and ammonium, which changed the microbial community in the soil, enhancing the relative abundance of Bacillus, Arthrobacter, and Paenibacillus. These functional microorganisms drove the coupled transformation between nitrate denitrification and Fe(II) or As(III) oxidation, favoring As immobilization in the anaerobic paddy soil. Additionally, the co-application of biochar offset the negative effect of single nitrate fertilizer on microbial community diversity. Overall, biochar-based nitrate fertilizer could be a promising candidate for the effective immobilization of As in the anaerobic paddy soil. The current research can provide a valuable reference to the remediation of As-contaminated paddy soil and the production of safe rice.

137. 题目: Synergistic sodium alginate- and biochar-immobilized cells for enhancing fermentative hydrogen production from food waste
文章编号: N24102011
期刊: Environmental Science and Pollution Research
作者: Phonsini Ngamnurak, Pensri Plangklang, Prakaidao Pomdaeng, Ting-Wu Ko, Alissara Reungsang, Chen-Yeon Chu
更新时间: 2024-10-20
摘要:

An immobilized hydrogen-producing consortium investigated biohydrogen production from food waste using a combination of sodium alginate and cassava rhizome biochar. We investigated the effect of varying the biochar concentration from 0 to 3% and the size of immobilized cells from 1 to 7 mm. Immobilized cells were prepared using 50% (v/v) enriched hydrogen-producing consortium, 2% (w/v) sodium alginate, and 0 to 3% (w/v) cassava rhizome biochar. The optimal conditions for achieving the highest hydrogen production in the batch fermentation reactor were identified as a biochar concentration of 2% (w/v) and an immobilized cell size of 2 mm. The highest hydrogen yield, maximum hydrogen production rate, and lag time recorded were 0.69 mmol H2/g-COD, 0.02 mmol H2/g-COD.h, and 41.51 h, respectively. This research highlights the potential of cassava biochar technology for efficient biohydrogen production from food waste, contributing to renewable energy generation and sustainable waste management.

138. 题目: Spatial variations and vertical migration potentials of petroleum hydrocarbons with varying chain lengths in soils of different depths: Roles of solid and dissolved organic matters and soil texture
文章编号: N24102010
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Aiai Shu, Zhenglun Yang, Qianqian Cui, Zhaoyang Liu, Shun Liu, Mancheng Zhang, Heyang Sun, Jiaqi Shang, Huirui Tian, Yuting Xiao, Wenfeng Tan
更新时间: 2024-10-20
摘要: Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) in contaminated sites may threaten human health and ecological safety, while the environmental behaviors of PHs with varying carbon chains and critical influencing factors need to be elucidated, thus facilitating efficient risk management. This study explored the occurrence characteristics and spatial variations of different PHs at the depths of 0–10 m in an abandoned industrial site, as well as evaluated the effects of solid organic matter (SOM), dissolved organic matter (DOM), and soil texture on the migration potentials of PHs with varying carbon chains. Furthermore, the leaching potentials of different PHs were integrated into their risk assessment. The total concentrations of PHs in contaminated soils ranged from 22.7 to 397 mg/kg in contaminated soils, and the long-chained PHs (C22-C40) represented the major components with an average contribution of 46.9 %, followed by short-chained PHs (C10-C12, 32.0 % average) and medium-chained PHs (C13-C21, 21.1 % average). As soil depth increased, a declining trend was observed in the proportions of long-chain PHs, with an augmentation in the relative abundance of short-chain PHs. The random forest model coupling redundancy analysis showed that SOM was the major contributor to the occurrence and vertical attenuation of PHs with longer carbon chains in underground soils, with clay component exerting a greater additional effect than silt and sand components. While DOM in soils exhibited a relatively high contribution to the retention of PHs with short carbon chains. These results demonstrated the significant influence of SOM and clay on the behavior of long-chained PHs and DOM on that of short-chained ones. Besides direct human exposure, the leaching potentials of PHs, particularly short-chained ones, in soils should be considered for a more comprehensive risk assessment. The findings of this study may assist with the behavior modelling and prediction of different PHs as well as the corresponding risk control.

139. 题目: MiPrime: A Model for the Microbially Mediated Impacts of Organic Amendments on Measurable Soil Organic Carbon Fractions and Associated Priming Effects
文章编号: N24102009
期刊: Soil Biology and Biochemistry
作者: D D Kok, L Scherer, W de Vries, P M van Bodegom
更新时间: 2024-10-20
摘要: Priming effects can influence the efficiency with which organic amendments sequester carbon in the soil. Yet few soil models currently include priming effects. Those models that do are often based on operationally defined soil pools and implicitly allow only for positive priming effects. This limits the verification of model processes with experimental data and hinders the optimization of our carbon sequestration strategies. To address these shortcomings, we developed MiPrime, which offers a framework for the mechanistic modelling of organic amendment impacts on microbially mediated transformation of carbon fractions that are quantifiable through parsimonious soil extraction methods. MiPrime allows for assessment of organic amendment impacts on soil carbon dynamics, including priming effects, by simulating changes in mineralized, microbial biomass, dissolvable, hot water extractable and insoluble carbon fractions in soil exogenous (i.e. organic amendment-derived) and endogenous (i.e. soil) pools. After calibration of model parameters using Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods to incubation data of three types of isotopically labelled roadside grasses (a fresh grass product, a compost thereof, and a Bokashi-fermented product thereof), MiPrime was able to simulate changes in carbon fractions of the soil with a good degree of accuracy for five compositionally complex organic amendments, namely the three types of roadside grasses, as well as non-isotopically labelled wood chips and water weeds and reeds. Validation of the model results with experimental data demonstrates that changes in total carbon were very well predicted but that there is room for improvement in predicting mineralization rates and changes in dissolvable, hot water extractable and insoluble carbon fractions in the soil endogenous pool. MiPrime thus offers an initial step towards the mechanistic modelling of organic amendment impacts on measurable soil carbon fractions and can operate as a new tool for designing effective carbon sequestration strategies and understanding organic amendment impacts.

140. 题目: Efficacy of Ca-modified cypress biochar in immobilization of heavy metals in contaminated soils
文章编号: N24102008
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Syed Shabbar Hussain Shah, Kei Nakagawa, Riei Yokoyama, Ronny Berndtsson
更新时间: 2024-10-20
摘要: Heavy metal (HM) pollution remains a pressing global concern, affecting soil regarding food safety, and negatively influencing the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We investigated the efficacy of untreated cypress biochar (UCB) and Ca-modified cypress biochar (MCB) in mitigating HM contamination and enhancing growth across native and contaminated soils (40 mg/kg) in carrot pot experiments. Both biochar types were pyrolyzed at 900 oC and applied at rates of 3%, 6%, and 9%. We found that carrot growth parameters significantly improved, particularly with 6% UCB also for the contaminated soil. X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis showed that both UCB and MCB reduced HM concentrations in the edible part of carrots grown in native and contaminated soils. Pb concentration declined from 1.3 mg/kg to below the detection limit (< 0.3 mg/kg), Zn concentrations decreased from 50.3 mg/kg to 39.8 mg/kg (9% UCB) and to 36.8 mg/kg (9% MCB), while Cu concentrations reduced from 35.3 mg/kg to 25.9 mg/kg (9% UCB) and to 22.6 mg/kg (9% MCB). MCB, characterized by high pH (9.7) and active nano-sized CaCO3 particles, demonstrated superior HM immobilization compared to UCB. Statistical analysis supported the superior efficacy of MCB in reducing HM bioavailability and uptake. Understanding the specific responses of different plant species to biochar amendments is essential for recommending broader applications of MCB for soil remediation and sustainable agriculture.

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