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141. 题目: Selective Removal of Trace 2-Methylisoborneol in Real Waters via Hydrophobic Interface-Driven Adsorption
文章编号: N26033104
期刊: Water Research
作者: Yuan Tian, Zeyang Li, Song Wang, Zhan Zhang, Jiaxing Wang, Zhen Yin, Yajing Zhou, Guangming Zhang, Jianfeng Zhou, Jingsi Gao
更新时间: 2026-03-31
摘要: Taste-and-odor episodes caused by 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) remain a persistent challenge for drinking water utilities because effective removal must be achieved at trace concentrations under complex natural organic matter interference. Here, a rationally designed hydrophobic metal organic framework (MOF) adsorbent, MIL-53(Al)@C14, is developed to enable rapid and selective capture of 2-MIB far beyond the performance of conventional powdered activated carbon. A targeted hydrophobic surface modification using long-chain phosphonic acid was introduced, converting MIL-53(Al) into MIL-53(Al)@C14 while preserving its crystalline framework and one-dimensional channels. The modified material achieved >96% removal of 2-MIB, reducing residual concentrations to below the odor threshold in both pure water and real reservoir waters, with adsorption kinetics reaching equilibrium within ∼40 min. Under identical conditions, MIL-53(Al)@C14 consistently outperformed commercial PAC, which suffered severe efficiency loss due to pore blockage and competitive adsorption. Furthermore, MIL-53(Al)@C14 exhibited stable regenerability, retaining 97.1% of its initial adsorption capacity after five cycles. Hydrophobic C14 chains create preferential microdomains that expel water and NOM, accelerate mass transfer of 2-MIB into the pores, and strengthen adsorption through combined hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals forces, and hydrogen bonding. Competitive adsorption experiments confirm that this mechanism confers exceptional resistance against humic substances, polysaccharides, and proteins, even in multi-component systems. Moreover, MIL-53(Al)@C14 exhibits broad-spectrum removal of multiple odorants, with preferential affinity toward the most problematic hydrophobic compounds. Our study demonstrates that hydrophobic interface engineering is critical for achieving reliable trace-odor control in real waters. The results provide a generalizable design principle for next-generation MOF adsorbents targeting ultra-low-concentration micropollutants under realistic treatment conditions.

142. 题目: Assessing long-term stability of arsenic immobilization by iron-impregnated biochar under simulated irrigation and accelerated aging
文章编号: N26033103
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Xu Liao, Raúl Miranda-Avilés, Alma Hortensia Serafin Muñoz, Jesús Horacio Hernández Anguiano, María Jesús Puy-Alquiza, Saugata Datta, Merced Martínez Rosales, Ignacio René Galindo Esquivel, Daniela Moncada, Luisa Fernanda Rueda‑Garzon, Xiaoxiao Zha, Elcia Margareth Souza Brito, Rebeca Yasmin Perez Rodriguez, Yanmei Li
更新时间: 2026-03-31
摘要: Arsenic (As) contamination in agricultural soils poses significant risks to food safety and human health, particularly in regions relying on As-contaminated groundwater for irrigation. This study evaluates the efficacy of iron-impregnated biochar (Fe/TBC) in mitigating As leaching and enhancing long-term immobilization in two contrasting soils (sandy loam PP1 and sandy U43) under simulated irrigation and accelerated aging conditions. Statistical analyses including ANOVA and MANOVA revealed that Fe/TBC significantly improved As retention (up to 88%) and reduced post-aging As remobilization (to 31% and 27% in PP1 and U43, respectively). Sequential extraction with Tukey HSD tests showed that Fe/TBC and HA@Fe/TBC treatments notably increased stable As fraction. But the retention efficacy in PP1 decreased to 65% after the addition of humic acid (HA@Fe/TBC). Microbial enumeration indicated enhanced culturable bacterial abundance in Fe/TBC-amended soils, indicating reduced As bioavailability. Conversely, the addition of HA suppressed microbial activity in U43 soil. These findings highlight Fe/TBC as a robust amendment for As immobilization, while also underscoring the potential context-dependent risks associated with organic additives such as HA, particularly in clay-rich soils.

143. 题目: Preparation of biochar/alginate hydrogel beads and their enhanced Cd2⁺ removal performance: study on properties and synergistic mechanisms
文章编号: N26033102
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Xiaoxuan Zhu, Guangjian Fan, Xi Chen, Xinyang Xu
更新时间: 2026-03-31
摘要: Alginate-based composites have been widely studied for heavy metal removal. However, systematic exploration of the synergistic effects between pre-chemically modified biochar and the alginate matrix to enhance adsorption performance remains insufficient. This gap limits the rational design of high-performance adsorbents. To address this gap, this study developed composite gel beads (PBS-SA) based on sulfuric acid-modified pine cone biochar (PBS) and sodium alginate for the efficient removal of Cd²⁺ from aqueous solutions. The material was characterized using a series of techniques, including SEM–EDS, BET, FTIR, XRD, and XPS. The characterization revealed that PBS-SA possesses a stable three-dimensional network structure, with significantly enhanced chelating sites due to the introduced sulfur-containing and carboxyl functional groups. The adsorption behavior followed the pseudo-second order kinetic model (R² = 0.999) and the Langmuir isotherm model (R² = 0.995). The Langmuir model predicted a maximum adsorption capacity (Q_m) of 143.75 mg/g。 The primary adsorption mechanisms involved were ion exchange, complexation, precipitation, and electrostatic attraction. PBS-SA exhibited strong interference resistance in real water bodies, demonstrating good tolerance to monovalent ion interference. Its unique spherical macroscopic morphology effectively addressed the issue of powder adsorbent loss, maintaining high adsorption performance after six regeneration cycles. Furthermore, excellent continuous-flow removal efficiency was achieved in fixed-bed column experiments. This study develops a mechanically stable and reusable adsorbent capable of enhancing Cd removal through the combination of multiple mechanisms, providing a practical strategy for treating heavy metal-contaminated water.

144. 题目: Semi-empirical model of soil organic matter and soil moisture content with bayesian joint inversion
文章编号: N26033101
期刊: Journal of Soils and Sediments
作者: Jiawei Xu, Yuteng Liu, Changxiang Yan, Jing Yuan
更新时间: 2026-03-31
摘要: Purpose Soil moisture content (SMC) and soil organic matter (SOM) are vital for soil health, yet are often inverted separately, ignoring their interactions. This study addresses the need for a joint inversion approach. Methods To address this, this study proposes two core methods. First, a semi-empirical transfer model—the SOM-W Semi-Empirical Transfer Model—was developed based on spectral reflectance and SOM data from 76 soil samples in China. This model simultaneously incorporates parameters for both SOM content and SMC and was validated by establishing six moisture gradients. Second, a joint inversion method for SOM and SMC based on a Bayesian framework was introduced, which incorporates prior knowledge to constrain the model and improve inversion accuracy. Results The SOM-W model demonstrated high accuracy in fitting spectral reflectance within the 500–2400 nm range (R2p = 0.945, RMSEp = 0.0094) and identified 20 key wavelengths characterizing spectral morphology, achieving precise full-wavelength curve fitting (R2p = 0.9976, RMSEp = 0.0021). After further selection of 10 SOM-sensitive wavelengths, the prediction accuracy for SOM was significantly improved (R2p = 0.568, RMSEp = 3.3858 g/kg), effectively eliminating moisture interference. In the joint inversion, the Bayesian approach significantly enhanced accuracy compared to traditional gradient methods (TRF) and intelligent algorithms (PSO), with results of R2p_som = 0.767, RMSEp_som = 3.8132 g/kg, R2p_w = 0.967, RMSEp_w = 0.5780%). Conclusions This approach not only effectively addresses the mutual interference between moisture and organic matter in soil spectra but also provides a novel technical pathway for soil spectral analysis.

145. 题目: Modulation of active sites on anaerobic digestion sludge-derived biochar for peroxomonosulfate activation: from batch experiments investigation to pilot scale
文章编号: N26033012
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Yanshan Wang, Yulin Wu, Hong Su, Wenzhu Wu, Ning Li, Yingjin Song, Beibei Yan, Zhanjun Cheng
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: The transformation of digested sludge into biochar-based catalysts exhibited great potential for PMS activation and pollutant degradation. However, the feasibility and environmental sustainability of the digested sludge-based biochar (DSB)/PMS system for pilot-scale applications remain unverified. In this work, granular DSB was prepared and filled in a columnar continuous flow reactor. DSB-800 enriched with defective structures, C=O, graphite N and Fe²⁺ sites had outstanding catalytic capability. The contributions of ¹O₂, ^•OH and SO₄^•− for SMX degradation were 52.04%, 21.58% and 25.84% in the DSB-800/PMS system, respectively. The S-N and C-C bond breaking as well as the oxidation of the benzene ring amino group in SMX were mainly observed. A pilot-scale column reactor (750 L) packed with granular DSB achieved efficient and stable removal of pollutants, including SMX, from municipal secondary effluent. Also, toxicity assays using Vibrio fischeri confirmed the environmental safety of the treated effluent after pilot-scale operation. This study proved the enormous promise of scalable production for DSB catalyst, advancing the application of the DSB/PMS system in AOPs.

146. 题目: Reduction of As(V)-Bearing Goethite by Dissolved Organic Matter from Arsenic-Prone Groundwater during the Repeated Electron Shuttling
文章编号: N26033011
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Xiaojun Feng, Zhengqi Su, Simeng Li, Xiaoxing Ming, Di Zhang, Huaming Guo
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: The molecular structure of dissolved organic matter (DOM) is crucial for electron shuttling. However, the molecular transformation of DOM during the repeated electron shuttling and its impact on reduction of Fe oxides-adsorbed arsenic (As) remain poorly understood. Here, four groundwater DOM samples obtained from As-prone groundwater from the Hetao basin, China were concentrated to investigate their molecular transformations and electron shuttle ability during the repeated electron shuttling for reduction of As(V)-bearing goethite. We found that higher electron transfer capacity (ETC) of high-As groundwater DOM resulted from the higher aromaticity and more functional moieties (i.e., total phenols and quinones) than that in low-As groundwater DOM, and irreversible loss of aromaticity and the functional moieties during the repeated electron shuttling lowered the ETC. This decreasing ETC of DOM reflected the decrease in its electron shuttle ability to reduce As(V)-bearing goethite. Concretely, the maximum concentration of Fe(II) produced from goethite reduction via electron shuttling decreased from 145 μM with the reduced DOM of the first round of electron shuttling to 111 μM with the reduced DOM of the third round of electron shuttling. Additionally, the positive correlation between total dissolved As (mainly as As(V)) and total Fe(II) concentration illustrated that electrons shuttled by the DOM preferentially reduced goethite, thus releasing the adsorbed As(V) into water. This study highlighted that the molecular transformation of DOM during the repeated electron shuttling lowered the electron shuttling ability, thereby impairing the reduction of Fe(III) oxide minerals for As mobility.

147. 题目: Polystyrene microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter mitigates arsenic phytotoxicity in Tibetan hulless barley seedlings: phenotypic and transcriptomic evidence
文章编号: N26033010
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Yicai Huang, Yating Du, Zhuang Zhang, Xue Zhang, Tantan Wang, Kaihua Yang, Xin Li, Chang Zhang, Chi Ma
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau features elevated geogenic arsenic (As) and intense ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Under these conditions, UV radiation accelerates microplastic aging and the release of microplastic-derived dissolved organic matter (MP-DOM), posing a realistic co-exposure scenario for Tibetan hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L. var. nudum). While microplastic particle toxicity is well documented, the ecological impacts of MP-DOM, especially from UV-aged plastics, remain poorly understood. Here, using a hydroponic system (50 μM As(V), 5 mg C/L MP-DOM), we investigated the effects of pristine (SDOM) and UV-aged (ASDOM) polystyrene MP-DOM (PS-DOM) on barley seedlings under As stress. Both SDOM and ASDOM alleviated As-induced phytotoxicity, with ASDOM showing stronger mitigation. Notably, ASDOM increased root and shoot biomass by 20.11% and 17.93%, respectively. This recovery was accompanied by mitigated oxidative stress (26.71% lower malondialdehyde (MDA), restored antioxidant enzymes) and a 20.45% reduction in root As accumulation. Integrated phenotypic and transcriptomic analyses revealed a dual detoxification mechanism: (1) physicochemical exclusion, combining high-molecular-weight As-DOM complexation with biologically induced cell-wall thickening (via phenylpropanoid biosynthesis) to restrict As entry; and (2) reduction-sequestration coupling, where ASDOM-facilitated abiotic reduction of As(V) to As(III) coordinated with the upregulation of glutathione S-transferases for vacuolar sequestration. Overall, UV-driven photo-oxidative aging reshapes PS-DOM, which actively modulates stress responses in Tibetan hulless barley, providing insights for regional risk assessment of MP-DOM and metalloid co-exposure in high-altitude agroecosystems.

148. 题目: Biochar and hydrochar from agro wastes: technological pathways, characteristics, and advances in soil amendment
文章编号: N26033009
期刊: Frontiers in Environmental Science
作者: Guopeng Liang, William H Schlesinger
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: The increasing generation of agro waste presents major environmental and management challenges, driven by improper disposal practices that contribute to soil degradation, pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions. Among available waste valorization pathways, thermochemical and hydrothermal conversion technologies enable the production of biochar and hydrochar with significant potential for soil amendment and carbon sequestration. This review focuses on the production and application of biochar and hydrochar derived from agro waste for soil amendment. The characteristics of agro waste are discussed in relation to their suitability for thermochemical and hydrothermal conversion; the physicochemical properties of biochar and hydrochar are discussed with respect to surface chemistry, stability, nutrient retention, and environmental performance. Recent advances in soil application are reviewed, highlighting effects on soil physicochemical properties, microbial biomass, crop productivity, pollutant immobilization, and carbon sequestration. Overall, biochar generally exhibits superior stability, surface area, and soil amendment performance compared to hydrochar; however, it is not suitable for all biomasses, particularly wet residues or sludges. In contrast, hydrochar can be effectively upgraded through post-treatments such as washing or secondary pyrolysis, enabling competitive soil amendment performance. Challenges for both chars include feedstock heterogeneity, scalability, long-term environmental impacts, and standardization for carbon accounting. Addressing these issues is critical to align agro waste–derived biochar and hydrochar with climate mitigation and net-zero targets.

149. 题目: Potassium fertilization enhances both cereal yield and soil organic carbon: a meta-analysis.
文章编号: N26033008
期刊: Nature Communications
作者: Guopeng Liang, William H Schlesinger
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: Agricultural ecosystems play a significant role in global food security and climate mitigation through crop production and soil organic carbon sequestration. It is well-established that potassium fertilization enhances crop yield in potassium-deficient regions; however, the factors driving crop yield responses to potassium remain insufficiently characterized at a large scale. Moreover, despite the significant roles of soil organic carbon in soil health and global carbon cycling, the effect of potassium on soil organic carbon in croplands has been less studied. Herein, we collect data from 1185 observations in agricultural ecosystems to conduct a meta-analysis study. We find that potassium fertilization increases cereal yield and soil organic carbon by 19.3% and 4.4%, respectively. Mean annual precipitation and experimental duration are the most important factors affecting potassium effects on cereal yield and soil organic carbon, respectively. Specifically, potassium effects on cereal yield increase with mean annual precipitation, and the potassium-induced increase in soil organic carbon is significant only after long-term (> 20 years) potassium fertilization. Our findings suggest that, in addition to nitrogen and phosphorus, potassium is also crucial for not only cereal yield but also soil carbon sequestration, which should be fully valued in future soil nutrient management, especially in potassium-deficient regions.

150. 题目: Evaluating plant-available P methods and quality characterization of biochar derived from manure and sewage sludge.
文章编号: N26033007
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Merkeb Woldu Bezabeh, Susanne Eich-Greatorex, Åsgeir R Almås, Tore Krogstad
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: Phosphorus(P) is essential yet limited, and Norway, like the rest of Europe, remains dependent on imported phosphate rock. Biochar from pyrolysis organic residues offers a potential alternative P source, although quantifying plant-available P is complicated by diverse P speciation. In this study, biochar produced at 400 °C from raw manure, manure digestate, and biologically treated sewage sludge digestate was evaluated using multiple P extraction methods (Olsen, Mehlich-3, ammonium lactate, citric acid, water, oxalate, dithionite, nitric acid). Pot experiments with wheat, spinach, and faba bean were conducted to assess the relationship between extracted P and plant uptake. Results showed that manure-derived biochars had higher agronomic value than sewage sludge biochar, which was limited by Fe/Al-bound P and heavy-metal contamination. Concentrated nitric acid digestion best predicted wheat and faba bean P uptake, while the more common extractants for agronomic evaluation (Mehlich-3, Ammonium Lactate, Olsen, DI-water extracts correlated most strongly with spinach uptake. Digested manure biochar met regulatory requirements for trace metals, but raw manure and sewage sludge biochar exceeded Ni and Zn thresholds, respectively. These findings highlight the need for a tiered approach to biochar P testing and for regulatory frameworks that balance environmental safety with the potential for nutrient recycling.

151. 题目: Leonardite-aged biochar with soil inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhances soil health, microbial activity, and lettuce antioxidant-biometric traits in sandy soil.
文章编号: N26033006
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Hafeez Ur Rahim, Maria Ianiri, Mortadha Ben Hassine, Arianna Rossi, Elena Spagnoli, Emanuele Radicetti, Giancarlo Renella, Silvia Celletti, Riccardo Fedeli, Enrica Allevato, Francesco Primo Vaccari, Silvia Rita Stazi
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: This study evaluated the potential of leonardite-aged biochar (ABC), applied alone or inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), to improve sandy soil health within a shorter time compared to fresh biochar (FBC). A pot experiment using lettuce as a test crop assessed changes in soil physicochemical properties, nutrient availability, microbial biomass, and cumulative respiration, enzymatic activities, and plant physiological and antioxidant responses under various treatments: control (CK), FBC, ABC, AMF, and ABC + AMF. Aging with leonardite significantly modified biochar surface chemistry, reduced alkalinity, and enhanced functional groups, resulting in improved interactions with soil physicochemical and biological processes. Among treatments, ABC + AMF at a 3% application rate produced pronounced benefits. It increased soil total organic carbon, microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, soil respiration, and key soil enzymatic activities compared with CK, indicating enhanced microbial functioning and nutrient cycling. In contrast, FBC primarily influenced soil properties through alkalinity-driven effects, increasing soil pH, electrical conductivity, cation exchange capacity, and available phosphorus. Plant responses mirrored the improvements in soil, with ABC-3%+AMF markedly enhancing photosynthetic efficiency (NDVI, NDRE, SPAD), antioxidant capacity (TPC, TFC, CTC), and lettuce growth parameters. Multivariate analysis confirmed positive relationships between soil indicators and plant performance, demonstrating that biochar aging improves its agronomic effectiveness. Overall, the findings show that ABC, particularly inoculated with AMF, offers a practical strategy for restoring sandy soils by stimulating biological activity and nutrient availability while reducing reliance on chemical inputs. This integrated approach provides a sustainable tool for improving soil health and crop productivity in degraded sandy agroecosystems.

152. 题目: Exogenous organic matter modulates cadmium uptake in rice (Oryza sativa L.): Linking root surface chemistry to metal translocation and tolerance.
文章编号: N26033005
期刊: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
作者: Weiwei Huan, Kewei Li, Jackson Nkoh Nkoh, Hailong Lu
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: Cadmium (Cd(II)) poses a severe threat to rice production and food safety, and exogenous organic matter (EOM) offers a cost-effective, eco-friendly solution for Cd(II) remediation. Nevertheless, the effect of EON on root electrochemistry and the relationship with Cd(II) uptake and sequestration remains elusive. This study elucidates the Cd(II) tolerance mechanisms in two rice cultivars (Oryza sativa L., Cd(II)-tolerant WYJ24 and Cd(II)-sensitive FD88) in a hydroponic system under biochar and organic acid treatments. The results revealed that WYJ24 exhibited superior Cd(II) tolerance, maintaining higher root elongation (1.35-3.66 times > FD88) and restricting Cd(II) translocation (shoot-to-root ratio < FD88). This observation was associated with enhanced Cd(II) complexation (70.7% vs. 22.9% after 10 d) and fewer root negative charges (-10.6 vs. -13.4 mV at pH 6.73) in the roots of WYJ24 relative to FD88, respectively. Root exudate profiling under Cd(II) stress revealed WYJ24 exhibiting a targeted, transient increase in specific acids (e.g., malic, quinic), while the sensitive FD88 exhibited a significant, dysregulated exudation. Also, biochar-supplemented media significantly increased root negative zeta potential and functional group concentration, which significantly correlated with total absorbed and exchangeable Cd(II). However, organic acids exhibited cultivar-specific responses, with oxalic acid modulating Cd(II) adsorption in FD88 via protonation while enhancing complexation in WYJ24. Therefore, the findings reveal that Cd(II) tolerance is governed by a combination of root surface properties and internal sequestration efficiency, and that organic amendments function by selectively modifying the root interface. However, the translation of these hydroponic insights into field applications requires future validation under realistic soil conditions.

153. 题目: Hydroxyapatite-functionalized poultry litter derived biochar remediation of copper sulfide mine acid soil: Immobilization of soil copper (II) and improvement of soil fertility.
文章编号: N26033004
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Weiwei Wang, Jinchun Xue, Liping Zhang, Min He, Yu Wang, Jiajia You
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: Biochar derived from waste biomass is now gaining much attention for its function as an amendment for environmental remediation. However, studies on the use of high-efficiency and low-cost biochar-supported nano-hydroxyapatite for remediating heavy metal contaminated soils remain scarce. This study employed an in-situ coprecipitation method to prepare poultry manure biochar (PBC) supported hydroxyapatite composite materials (HAP@PBC) for the in-situ remediation of copper sulfide mine acid soil. The adsorption characteristics of HAP@PBC toward Cu2+ were discussed. Furthermore, the remediation effect of HAP@PBC on acid soil was evaluated through laboratory soil culture experiments. The results showed that all HAP@PBC, particularly HAP@PBC-1.5 exhibited significantly higher removal efficiency of Cu2+ (≥78.5%) in aqueous solutions compared to the original biochar (5.60%). Kinetics isotherm was fitted to the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, whereas adsorption isotherm to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. As indicated by adsorption thermodynamics, negative Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) could be obtained at all test temperatures, whereas entropy change (ΔS) and enthalpy change (ΔH) were positive, confirming an entropy-increasing reaction. Ion exchange and surface complexation were identified as the dominant mechanisms, whereas electrostatic adsorption and cation-π interactions served as auxiliary mechanisms. After the HAP@PBC remediation, compared with the control, both PBC and HAP@PBC increased soil pH, available nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus, and organic matter content. HAP@PBC significantly reduced the available Cu content in soil, with a reduction of up to 55.02%. Additionally, HAP@PBC decreased the Acidobacteriota and Proteobacteria relative abundances and increased Chloroflexi and Bacteroidota relative abundances, thereby enhancing soil nutrient metabolism. Overall, HAP@PBC can effectively remediate Cu contaminated soil and accelerate the recovery of soil fertility.

154. 题目: Carbon vacancies modulated confined Fe single-atoms on loofah-derived biochar for Fenton-like process via non-radical PAA activation
文章编号: N26033003
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Mingjun Xie, Yuying Han, Dandan Wang, Congting Sun, Shuyan Zang
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: Efficient activation of peracetic acid (PAA) via electron transfer pathway (ETP) is attractive for water treatment, yet flexibly tuning the host electronic environment of single-atom sites while retaining scalability remains challenging. Herein, the concentration of carbon defects (CDs) surrounding Fe–N₅ centers in loofah-derived biochar is tuned by varying the CaCO₃ dosage during one-step carbonization. CaCO₃ concurrently acts as a spacer, in-situ etchant, and CO₂-blowing agent, generating a hierarchically porous framework that exposes Fe–N₅ sites and preserves mechanical integrity. The resulting LP-FeSAC achieves rapid bisphenol A (BPA) removal with kobs = 1.61 min−1 within 9 min across pH 3–11. Increasing CDs density boosts PAA oxidation over the Fe single-atom catalyst, with broad tolerance to water matrices via a non-radical ETP (97.9%). DFT calculations reveal that CDs-induced FeN bond compression reorganizes the Fe-3d crystal-field manifold (t₂g/eg), upshifts the d-band center, and lowers the interfacial barrier for ETP. In continuous flow, an LP-FeSAC-functionalized hollow-fiber module sustains ≈90% BPA removal for 600 min with minimal Fe leaching (≤12 μg L−1). This work establishes defect-guided hierarchical porosity and Fe–N₅ as an accessible co-catalytic anchor for designing ETP-selective, non-radical advanced oxidation, providing a scalable waste-to-resource route toward remediation of emerging aqueous pollutants.

155. 题目: Impact of the Superblock Model on Key Components of the Urban Water Cycle: Trace Metals and Dissolved Organic Matter Dynamics across the Built Environment
文章编号: N26033002
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: D Schmidlin, E M Thaysen, S Platikanov, J Xu, M J Chesa, R Tauler, E Vázquez-Suñé, M Teixidó
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: Climate change, growing urban pollution, and increasing water scarcity are forcing cities to adopt strategies that enhance resilience to both climatic and anthropogenic pressures. The Barcelona Superblock model is a novel urban planning strategy that highly restricts vehicle traffic, converts streets into pedestrian-priority corridors, and promotes green spaces. Within this framework, green infrastructures, also called sustainable urban drainage systems (SUDS), are implemented as local, site-specific measures to capture (i.e., flood control), treat, and infiltrate treated stormwater (i.e., aquifer recharge). To evaluate the Superblock model impact on urban water quality, we conducted seven sampling campaigns across three Barcelona districts, targeting rainfall, stormwater “first-flush” from roads and pedestrianized streets, as well as SUDS influent and effluent within and in the vicinity to Superblocks, with a focus on dissolved trace metals and dissolved organic matter (DOM). Results showed that Superblocks reduced pollutant loads and mitigated ecotoxicological risks. Trace metal and DOM concentrations followed the trend: Rain < SUDS effluent < Pedestrian Street runoff < Road runoff, highlighting traffic-related impacts and SUDS treatment capacity (23-70% in best case scenario). Risk assessment indicated episodic ecotoxicological risk in stormwater, especially in road runoff due to elevated concentrations of Cu and Zn, while SUDS consistently remained below risk thresholds. SUDS also transform DOM into more stable, humic-like forms. Trace metals and DOM emerged as biogeochemical proxies for stormwater quality, enabling more effective and sustainable urban water management. These findings support the integration of Superblock-like strategies into urban planning to control and reduce contaminant urban discharges.

156. 题目: The Fate and Risk of Chromium in Lignin-Rich Cr-Fe Coprecipitates: How Formation Pathways Dictate Dissolution and Reoxidation Stability
文章编号: N26033001
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Xue Du, Jiaxin Li, Qing Yang
更新时间: 2026-03-30
摘要: In natural surface environments, iron (hydroxy) oxides serve as primary scavengers for dissolved chromium (Cr). However, complex environmental conditions often cause Cr re-leaching, especially when organic matter (OM) interacts with Cr-Fe coprecipitates through coprecipitation or post-adsorption. Therefore, we selected the rarely studied alkaline conditions, taking paper wastewater as an example, and its important OM, alkali lignin, was selected as the coexisting OM to explore the stability of Cr-Fe coprecipitates. However, how lignin's formation pathway (coprecipitation vs post-adsorption) specifically controls Cr(III) stability remains unresolved. This study revealed that in the coprecipitation pathway, lignin enhanced average dissolution to 0.51mg/L by causing structural disorder and reductive dissolution, with the Fe/lignin contents playing a significant role. The post-adsorption pathway indicated that low lignin concentrations encouraged Cr release via complexation, while high concentrations promoted colloid formation, resulting in Cr re-immobilization. Under H2O2-induced oxidative stress, lignin triggers the invalid decomposition of H2O2, thereby suppressing the oxidation of solid-phase Cr(III). Moreover, structural disorder in Cr-Fe-lignin coprecipitates further strengthened this inhibitory effect. These findings clarified how OM, through different interaction pathways, regulated the dissolution stability and reoxidation potential of Cr-Fe coprecipitates, and offered a theoretical basis for assessing Cr migration and transformation risks in complex settings.

157. 题目: Metabolic insights into the Fe/Mn-biochar assisted anammox-comammox process: Synergistic electron-transfer and structural resilience under nitrite starvation
文章编号: N26032913
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Xurui Zhu, Xiaonong Zhang, Luomiao Ji, Rui Zhao, Bo Gao, Wen Sun, Peng Wu
更新时间: 2026-03-29
摘要: Unstable nitrite supply in mainstream wastewater limits the deployment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Here, a lab-scale anammox-complete ammonium oxidation (comammox) reactor amended with Fe/Mn-modified biochar (FeMn-BC) was operated under stepwise nitrite starvation (influent NO₂⁻-N decreased from 20 to 5 mg/L). Metagenomic and biochemical evidence revealed a synergistic electron-transfer framework: nitrite released by comammox supplemented the soluble electron acceptor pool, while Fe/Mn oxides on FeMn-BC acted as alternative solid-state electron acceptors. This dual-pathway coupling elevated electron transport system activity, heme c content, and extracellular polymeric substances, thereby sustaining high ammonium removal. Although total nitrogen removal efficiency exhibited marginal improvement due to comammox-driven nitrate accumulation, the system demonstrated remarkable buffering capacity. By functioning as a robust “nitrite-buffered ammonium sink,” it effectively prevented the irreversible metabolic collapse of the consortia under extreme nitrite starvation. Overall, this FeMn-BC-assisted module offers significant engineering value for crash prevention and should be integrated with downstream nitrate-reducing processes (e.g., partial denitrification) to achieve discharge-level total nitrogen standards.

158. 题目: Synergistic 3,5-xylenol degradation and resource recovery from phenolic wastewater using a mixotrophic algal-bacterial consortium: Performance and biochar valorization
文章编号: N26032912
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Nawaf S Alhajeri, Ahmed Tawfik
更新时间: 2026-03-29
摘要: This study addresses critical knowledge gaps in the degradation of 3,5-xylenol, a complex phenolic compound, using coupled eukaryotic algae/bacteria systems. Comparative batch and long-term continuous experiments conducted over two years demonstrated that the coupled system consistently achieved stable removal efficiency of approximately 60% across a wide range of 3,5-xylenol loading rates (0.74 to 25.8 g/m³.d). System resilience was tested under high loading conditions (36.8 ± 2.4 g/m³.d), which caused overloading and reduced efficiency to 47.4 ± 5.8%. This decrease was attributed to detrimental shifts in dissolved oxygen levels, alkalinity, extracellular polymeric substance secretion, and the presence of algal-grazing metazoans. Oxygenic primary producers-including Chlorophyta (4.1%), Streptophyta (12.8%), and Diatomea (1.4%)-provided the dissolved oxygen and antioxidant enzymes essential for mitigating phenolic stress. This photosynthetic engine synergized with specialized bacteria (notably Bacillus, Caldicoprobacter, and Hydrogenispora) to initiate 3,5-xylenol catabolism, facilitating rapid mineralization and enhancing resilience via a protective biopolymer matrix. Pyrolysis of the resultant biomass yielded 14.3±3.9 g/L of biochar, establishing a circular biorefinery model by upcycling phenol-laden biomass into a stable, silica-rich value-added product (43.58 wt.% Si). These findings demonstrate that the algal-bacterial consortium is a robust and sustainable platform for both high-efficiency remediation of toxic phenolics and effective resource recovery.

159. 题目: Role of biochar and microbial agent in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and modulating microbial succession during co-composting of tea residue and poultry manure
文章编号: N26032911
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Wenjuan He, Nanyi Wang, Naif Abdullah Al-Dhabi, Yong He, Xiaobing Zhang, Jiachao Zhang, Wangwang Tang, Xichen Zhao, Binghua Yan, Renli Qi, Lin Luo, Liuqin He
更新时间: 2026-03-29
摘要: This study explored the effects of biochar and microbial agent on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and microbial community dynamics during mixed composting of tea residue and chicken manure. Results demonstrated that co-application of biochar and microbial agent elevated pH and electrical conductivity while accelerating organic matter mineralization. Biochar alone significantly suppressed cumulative N₂O and CO₂ emissions by 34.3% and 12.2%, respectively. Redundancy analysis identified dissolved organic carbon as the key driver of bacterial community succession (p < 0.01), explaining 40.3% of the variation among the dominant phyla. Partial Least Squares Path Modeling revealed that nitrogen conversion processes were the primary drivers of N₂O emissions (p < 0.05), while temperature directly promoted CH₄ production (p < 0.001). Metabolic activities of functional genera (Pseudomonas, Kurthia, Corynebacterium) directly governed GHG emission patterns through nitrogen transformation and carbon catabolism pathways. Biochar achieved emission mitigation via pore structure optimization, and selective enrichment of denitrifying bacteria. Critically, while the co-application of biochar and microbial agent accelerated composting kinetics, it provided no additional GHG mitigation benefits compared to the application of biochar alone. Therefore, in practical applications, if rapid stabilization is the goal, it is recommended to adopt a synergistic addition strategy, while if reducing carbon footprint is the core goal, single addition of biochar is more superior.

160. 题目: An approach for merging colored dissolved organic matter absorption measurements from complementary benchtop spectrometers
文章编号: N26032910
期刊: Limnology and Oceanography: Methods
作者: Graham Trolley, Kelsey Allen, Antonio Mannino
更新时间: 2026-03-29
摘要: Absorption of light by colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) is often measured for in situ samples using benchtop spectrophotometers, whose valid wavelength ranges are set by the CDOM concentration of the sample and by instrument constraints such as linear response limit and instrument uncertainty. As tools for algorithm development, calibration, and validation, these measurements are most useful when they report CDOM absorption coefficients across the greatest wavelength range, which often means extending further into ultraviolet wavelengths. To maximize the reported spectral range while delivering the highest‐quality measurements across ultraviolet–visible wavelengths we developed and evaluated two approaches, the value threshold and percent difference approaches, to combine CDOM absorption spectra of the same sample measured on two different spectrophotometers that have different but overlapping spectral ranges. Colored dissolved organic matter absorption measurements from 1001 samples were examined, which were sourced from nine different field campaigns with broad optical water type properties. The value threshold approach successfully produces a merged product with larger spectral range for coastal ocean and open ocean samples, transitioning between the input measurements over a span of 40–80 nm where both measurements are valid based on the instrument characteristics of linear response limit and instrument uncertainty. The percent difference approach relies on the percent difference between spectra from the two instruments and works for coastal ocean waters but fails for most open ocean samples where there is more uncertainty proportional to CDOM signal. The value threshold approach can be modified to reduce noise propagation in the merged product and can also be adapted for use with other benchtop spectrometer models, making it highly generalizable.